Med-Surg Hesi Review Questions With 100% Correct
Verified Answers And Rationales
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of healthy adults. Which
individual is most likely to maintain optimum health?
A. A teacher whose blood glucose levels average 126 mg/dL daily with oral
antidiabetic drugs
B. An accountant whose blood pressure averages 140/96 mm Hg and who
says he does not have time to exercise
C. A stock broker whose total serum cholesterol level dropped to 290 mg/dL
with diet modifications
D. A recovering IV heroin user who contracted hepatitis more than 10 years
ago -Answer:-A teacher whose blood glucose levels average 126mg/dL daily
with oral antidiabetic drugs
Rationale: The diabetic teacher has assumed responsibility for self-care, so
among those listed, he or she is the most likely to maintain optimum health.
Option B has expressed a lack of interest in health promotion. Option C
continues to demonstrate a high-risk cholesterol level despite a reported
attempt at dietary modifications. Previous IV drug use and a history of
hepatitis make this individual a health risk despite the fact that the individual
is in recovery.
The nurse is conducting an osteoporosis screening clinic at a health fair. What
information should the nurse provide to individuals who are at risk for
osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
A. Encourage alcohol and smoking cessation
,B. Suggest supplementing diet with vitamin E
C. Promote regular weight-bearing exercises
D. Implement a home safety plan to prevent falls
E. Propose a regular sleep pattern of 8 hours nightly -Answer:-
A client is diagnosed with an acute small bowel obstruction. Which
assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A. Fever of 102 F
B. Blood pressure of 150/90mmHg
C. Abdominal cramping
D. Dry mucous membranes -Answer:-Fever of 102F
Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature is an indicator of peritonitis. The
nurse should notify the health care provider immediately. Options B, C, and D
are also findings that require intervention by the nurse but are of less priority
than option A. Option B may indicate a hypertensive condition but is not as
acute a condition as peritonitis. Option C is an expected finding in clients with
small bowel obstruction and may require medication. Option D indicates
probable fluid volume deficit, which requires fluid volume replacement.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of
obtaining census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula
for determining long-range staffing patterns?
A. Midnight census
B. Oncoming shift census
, C. Average daily census
D. Hourly census -Answer:-Average daily census
Rationale: An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into
account seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for
determining staffing needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in
time, and that data could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an
hourly census, and such data would only provide information about a certain
point in time.
Which data would the nurse expect to find when reviewing laboratory values
of an 80-year-old man who is in good health overall?
A. Complete blood count reveals increased white blood cell (WBC) and
decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts.
B. Chemistries reveal an increased serum bilirubin level with slightly
increased liver enzyme levels.
C. Urinalysis reveals slight protein in the urine and bacteriuria, with pyuria.
D. Serum electrolytes reveal a decreased sodium level and increased
potassium level. -Answer:-Urinalysis reveals slight protein in the urine and
bacteruria, with pyuria
Rationale: In older adults, the protein found in urine slightly rises, probably
as a result of kidney changes or subclinical urinary tract infections, and clients
frequently experience asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyuria as a result of
incomplete bladder emptying. Laboratory findings in options A, B, and D are
not considered to be normal findings in an older adult.
Verified Answers And Rationales
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of healthy adults. Which
individual is most likely to maintain optimum health?
A. A teacher whose blood glucose levels average 126 mg/dL daily with oral
antidiabetic drugs
B. An accountant whose blood pressure averages 140/96 mm Hg and who
says he does not have time to exercise
C. A stock broker whose total serum cholesterol level dropped to 290 mg/dL
with diet modifications
D. A recovering IV heroin user who contracted hepatitis more than 10 years
ago -Answer:-A teacher whose blood glucose levels average 126mg/dL daily
with oral antidiabetic drugs
Rationale: The diabetic teacher has assumed responsibility for self-care, so
among those listed, he or she is the most likely to maintain optimum health.
Option B has expressed a lack of interest in health promotion. Option C
continues to demonstrate a high-risk cholesterol level despite a reported
attempt at dietary modifications. Previous IV drug use and a history of
hepatitis make this individual a health risk despite the fact that the individual
is in recovery.
The nurse is conducting an osteoporosis screening clinic at a health fair. What
information should the nurse provide to individuals who are at risk for
osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
A. Encourage alcohol and smoking cessation
,B. Suggest supplementing diet with vitamin E
C. Promote regular weight-bearing exercises
D. Implement a home safety plan to prevent falls
E. Propose a regular sleep pattern of 8 hours nightly -Answer:-
A client is diagnosed with an acute small bowel obstruction. Which
assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A. Fever of 102 F
B. Blood pressure of 150/90mmHg
C. Abdominal cramping
D. Dry mucous membranes -Answer:-Fever of 102F
Rationale: A sudden increase in temperature is an indicator of peritonitis. The
nurse should notify the health care provider immediately. Options B, C, and D
are also findings that require intervention by the nurse but are of less priority
than option A. Option B may indicate a hypertensive condition but is not as
acute a condition as peritonitis. Option C is an expected finding in clients with
small bowel obstruction and may require medication. Option D indicates
probable fluid volume deficit, which requires fluid volume replacement.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of
obtaining census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula
for determining long-range staffing patterns?
A. Midnight census
B. Oncoming shift census
, C. Average daily census
D. Hourly census -Answer:-Average daily census
Rationale: An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into
account seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for
determining staffing needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in
time, and that data could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an
hourly census, and such data would only provide information about a certain
point in time.
Which data would the nurse expect to find when reviewing laboratory values
of an 80-year-old man who is in good health overall?
A. Complete blood count reveals increased white blood cell (WBC) and
decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts.
B. Chemistries reveal an increased serum bilirubin level with slightly
increased liver enzyme levels.
C. Urinalysis reveals slight protein in the urine and bacteriuria, with pyuria.
D. Serum electrolytes reveal a decreased sodium level and increased
potassium level. -Answer:-Urinalysis reveals slight protein in the urine and
bacteruria, with pyuria
Rationale: In older adults, the protein found in urine slightly rises, probably
as a result of kidney changes or subclinical urinary tract infections, and clients
frequently experience asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyuria as a result of
incomplete bladder emptying. Laboratory findings in options A, B, and D are
not considered to be normal findings in an older adult.
