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Samenvatting chemie toelatingsexamen

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Samenvatting van chemie voor het toelatingsexamen Arts en Tandarts. ALLES is vermeld van 6 jaar wiskunde wetenschappen tot de privélessen gevolgd aan de KULAK.

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Chemie

1. Atoombouw en periodieke relaties

Les 1 - Bouw en voorstelling van een atoom

Opbouw van een atoom:

,Kern bestaat uit neutronen en protonen.
Ruimte rond de kern bevat elektronen.

Kenmerken van Atomen:
Atoomnummer (Z) geeft aantal protonen weer.
Massagetal (A) is som van protonen en neutronen.

Symbolische Weergave:
"X" staat voor afkorting van Latijnse naam.
Inclusief massagetal en atoomnummer.

,Les 2 - Relatieve atoommassa en isotopen

, Isotopenabundantie = bij elk element per isotoop aangegeven hoeveel atomen daarvan voorkomen
in verhouding tot hoeveel atomen van het element in totaal voorkomen.




Absolute Massa van Atomen:
Som van massa's van subatomaire deeltjes.
Voorbeeld: Massa van Li-7-3 = 1,17 x 10^-26 kg.

Referentiemassa en Relatieve Massa:
Referentiemassa: 1/12 van absolute massa van C-12-6-atoom.
Relatieve massa (m-R) = Absolute massa / Referentiemassa.
Relatieve massa ≈ Massagetal.

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