GNRS 578 Health Assessment Exam 2- Sample Questions ||
errorless answers 100%.
The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment on a client and notes a distended abdomen.
Which of the following conditions could be causing the distention?
a. Ascites
b. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
c. Pulmonary edema
d. Pneumonia correct answers Answer: a.
Ascites. Ascites is an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity that can cause abdominal
distension. GERD, pulmonary edema, and pneumonia are not typically associated with
abdominal distension.
During an abdominal assessment, the nurse percusses the client's abdomen and notes a dull
sound over the liver. Which of the following conditions could be causing the dull sound?
a. Gas in the intestines
b. A liver tumor
c. An inflamed pancreas
d. A ruptured spleen correct answers Answer: b.
A liver tumor. A dull sound over the liver during percussion can indicate the presence of a tumor.
Gas in the intestines typically produces a tympanic sound. An inflamed pancreas or ruptured
spleen would not typically be associated with dullness over the liver.
During an abdominal assessment, the nurse palpates the client's abdomen and notes the presence
of a pulsatile mass. Which of the following conditions could be causing the mass?
a. A hernia
b. Aortic aneurysm
c. Appendicitis
d. Pancreatitis correct answers Answer: b.
,Aortic aneurysm. A pulsatile mass in the abdomen can indicate the presence of an aortic
aneurysm. A hernia would typically present as a bulge or protrusion in the abdominal wall.
Appendicitis and pancreatitis are not typically associated with a pulsatile mass.
The nurse is assessing a client's abdomen and notes the presence of tenderness in the right lower
quadrant. Which of the following conditions could be causing the tenderness?
a. Diverticulitis
b. Appendicitis
c. Gastritis
d. Pancreatitis correct answers Answer: b.
Appendicitis. Tenderness in the right lower quadrant can indicate the presence of appendicitis.
Diverticulitis would typically cause tenderness in the left lower quadrant. Gastritis and
pancreatitis are not typically associated with tenderness in the lower quadrants.
The nurse is assessing a client's abdomen and notes the presence of hyperactive bowel sounds.
Which of the following conditions could be causing the hyperactive bowel sounds?
a. Intestinal obstruction
b. Paralytic ileus
c. Constipation
d. Diarrhea correct answers Answer: d. Diarrhea. Hyperactive bowel sounds can indicate
increased intestinal motility, which can be caused by diarrhea. Intestinal obstruction and paralytic
ileus would typically cause decreased or absent bowel sounds. Constipation would not typically
be associated with hyperactive bowel sounds.
A nurse is conducting an abdominal assessment on a client. The nurse should assess which of the
following areas first?
a. Upper right quadrant
b. Lower left quadrant
c. Lower right quadrant
,d. Upper left quadrant correct answers Answer:
a. Upper right quadrant
Rationale:
The abdomen can be divided into four quadrants: the upper right quadrant, the upper left
quadrant, the lower right quadrant, and the lower left quadrant. When assessing the abdomen, it
is important to start with the upper right quadrant because the liver and gallbladder are located in
this area, and they are responsible for producing and storing bile. Any abnormalities in these
organs can affect digestion and overall health. By assessing the upper right quadrant first, the
nurse can gather important information about the client's liver and gallbladder function, which
can help guide further assessment and treatment.
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client's abdomen. Which of the following
techniques should the nurse use to assess for rebound tenderness?
a. Percussion
b. Light palpation
c. Deep palpation
d. Inspection correct answers Answer:
c. Deep palpation
Rationale:
Rebound tenderness is a sign of peritoneal irritation and is assessed by performing deep
palpation. Rebound tenderness is an increase in pain when the examiner removes their hand after
pressing deeply on the abdomen. The nurse should palpate the area of pain last, as it is the most
uncomfortable for the patient. Light palpation is used to assess for abdominal muscle tone and
the presence of superficial masses. Percussion is used to assess for fluid in the abdomen, and
inspection is used to assess the skin and contour of the abdomen.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for bowel sounds. Which of the following findings
should the nurse document as normal?
, a. Absent bowel sounds for 4 minutes
b. Hypoactive bowel sounds in all quadrants
c. Hyperactive bowel sounds in the upper left quadrant
d. Borborygmi in the lower right quadrant correct answers Answer:
d. Borborygmi in the lower right quadrant
Rationale:
Borborygmi refers to loud, prolonged bowel sounds and is a normal finding in the abdomen.
Absent bowel sounds for 4 minutes is considered abnormal and may indicate bowel obstruction
or paralytic ileus. Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate a decrease in peristalsis and can be a
sign of bowel obstruction or inflammation. Hyperactive bowel sounds can be a sign of increased
peristalsis and can be seen in early bowel obstruction or diarrhea.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for the presence of ascites. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect to observe?
a. Flat and non-distended abdomen
b. Dullness to percussion throughout the abdomen
c. Hyperactive bowel sounds in the upper left quadrant
d. Absent bowel sounds in the lower right quadrant correct answers Answer: b.
Dullness to percussion throughout the abdomen
Rationale: Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and is commonly seen in
clients with liver disease. One of the signs of ascites is dullness to percussion throughout the
abdomen, as the fluid accumulation causes the abdomen to become distended. The abdomen is
not typically flat in clients with ascites. Hyperactive bowel sounds may be a sign of increased
peristalsis and can be seen in early bowel obstruction or diarrhea. Absent bowel sounds may
indicate bowel obstruction or paralytic ileus.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for the presence of hernias. Which of the following
techniques should the nurse use to assess for hernias?
a. Inspection
errorless answers 100%.
The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment on a client and notes a distended abdomen.
Which of the following conditions could be causing the distention?
a. Ascites
b. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
c. Pulmonary edema
d. Pneumonia correct answers Answer: a.
Ascites. Ascites is an accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity that can cause abdominal
distension. GERD, pulmonary edema, and pneumonia are not typically associated with
abdominal distension.
During an abdominal assessment, the nurse percusses the client's abdomen and notes a dull
sound over the liver. Which of the following conditions could be causing the dull sound?
a. Gas in the intestines
b. A liver tumor
c. An inflamed pancreas
d. A ruptured spleen correct answers Answer: b.
A liver tumor. A dull sound over the liver during percussion can indicate the presence of a tumor.
Gas in the intestines typically produces a tympanic sound. An inflamed pancreas or ruptured
spleen would not typically be associated with dullness over the liver.
During an abdominal assessment, the nurse palpates the client's abdomen and notes the presence
of a pulsatile mass. Which of the following conditions could be causing the mass?
a. A hernia
b. Aortic aneurysm
c. Appendicitis
d. Pancreatitis correct answers Answer: b.
,Aortic aneurysm. A pulsatile mass in the abdomen can indicate the presence of an aortic
aneurysm. A hernia would typically present as a bulge or protrusion in the abdominal wall.
Appendicitis and pancreatitis are not typically associated with a pulsatile mass.
The nurse is assessing a client's abdomen and notes the presence of tenderness in the right lower
quadrant. Which of the following conditions could be causing the tenderness?
a. Diverticulitis
b. Appendicitis
c. Gastritis
d. Pancreatitis correct answers Answer: b.
Appendicitis. Tenderness in the right lower quadrant can indicate the presence of appendicitis.
Diverticulitis would typically cause tenderness in the left lower quadrant. Gastritis and
pancreatitis are not typically associated with tenderness in the lower quadrants.
The nurse is assessing a client's abdomen and notes the presence of hyperactive bowel sounds.
Which of the following conditions could be causing the hyperactive bowel sounds?
a. Intestinal obstruction
b. Paralytic ileus
c. Constipation
d. Diarrhea correct answers Answer: d. Diarrhea. Hyperactive bowel sounds can indicate
increased intestinal motility, which can be caused by diarrhea. Intestinal obstruction and paralytic
ileus would typically cause decreased or absent bowel sounds. Constipation would not typically
be associated with hyperactive bowel sounds.
A nurse is conducting an abdominal assessment on a client. The nurse should assess which of the
following areas first?
a. Upper right quadrant
b. Lower left quadrant
c. Lower right quadrant
,d. Upper left quadrant correct answers Answer:
a. Upper right quadrant
Rationale:
The abdomen can be divided into four quadrants: the upper right quadrant, the upper left
quadrant, the lower right quadrant, and the lower left quadrant. When assessing the abdomen, it
is important to start with the upper right quadrant because the liver and gallbladder are located in
this area, and they are responsible for producing and storing bile. Any abnormalities in these
organs can affect digestion and overall health. By assessing the upper right quadrant first, the
nurse can gather important information about the client's liver and gallbladder function, which
can help guide further assessment and treatment.
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client's abdomen. Which of the following
techniques should the nurse use to assess for rebound tenderness?
a. Percussion
b. Light palpation
c. Deep palpation
d. Inspection correct answers Answer:
c. Deep palpation
Rationale:
Rebound tenderness is a sign of peritoneal irritation and is assessed by performing deep
palpation. Rebound tenderness is an increase in pain when the examiner removes their hand after
pressing deeply on the abdomen. The nurse should palpate the area of pain last, as it is the most
uncomfortable for the patient. Light palpation is used to assess for abdominal muscle tone and
the presence of superficial masses. Percussion is used to assess for fluid in the abdomen, and
inspection is used to assess the skin and contour of the abdomen.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for bowel sounds. Which of the following findings
should the nurse document as normal?
, a. Absent bowel sounds for 4 minutes
b. Hypoactive bowel sounds in all quadrants
c. Hyperactive bowel sounds in the upper left quadrant
d. Borborygmi in the lower right quadrant correct answers Answer:
d. Borborygmi in the lower right quadrant
Rationale:
Borborygmi refers to loud, prolonged bowel sounds and is a normal finding in the abdomen.
Absent bowel sounds for 4 minutes is considered abnormal and may indicate bowel obstruction
or paralytic ileus. Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate a decrease in peristalsis and can be a
sign of bowel obstruction or inflammation. Hyperactive bowel sounds can be a sign of increased
peristalsis and can be seen in early bowel obstruction or diarrhea.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for the presence of ascites. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect to observe?
a. Flat and non-distended abdomen
b. Dullness to percussion throughout the abdomen
c. Hyperactive bowel sounds in the upper left quadrant
d. Absent bowel sounds in the lower right quadrant correct answers Answer: b.
Dullness to percussion throughout the abdomen
Rationale: Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity and is commonly seen in
clients with liver disease. One of the signs of ascites is dullness to percussion throughout the
abdomen, as the fluid accumulation causes the abdomen to become distended. The abdomen is
not typically flat in clients with ascites. Hyperactive bowel sounds may be a sign of increased
peristalsis and can be seen in early bowel obstruction or diarrhea. Absent bowel sounds may
indicate bowel obstruction or paralytic ileus.
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen for the presence of hernias. Which of the following
techniques should the nurse use to assess for hernias?
a. Inspection
