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Biology Unit 5 BTEC National Applied Science exam with verified solutions

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Biology Unit 5 BTEC National Applied Science exam with verified solutions

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BTEC Applied Science
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BTEC applied science
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BTEC applied science

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Uploaded on
May 7, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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Biology Unit 5 BTEC National Applied
Science exam with verified solutions

What is urinalysis? - Correct answer ✔Measure the products excreted from the body via urine and
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




can be used to detect many different diseases and chemical substances in the body.
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Through what method is the water leaving your body? (these are uncontrolled factors) - Correct
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answer ✔-sweating ||||||




-illness ||||||




-exhalation

-too much of salt
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what is the thing that monitors the level of water in blood? - Correct answer ✔-the volume of
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water in the blood is monitored by hypothalamus in the brain
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why ion's level should kept in control? - Correct answer ✔-ion level present in the blood should be
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kept relatively constant to control osmosis and diffusion between the cells and in the body
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what is urea? - Correct answer ✔A chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins and that
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would form an excess of amino acids which can't be stored in the body
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what is a deamination? - Correct answer ✔this takes place in the liver, amino acids go through this
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




process called deamination and the waste product would be ammonia.
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what is ammonia? - Correct answer ✔ammonia is a highly toxic chemical that is then converted
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into a less harmful product which is urea and that chemical has to be excreted from our body.
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




what is the difference between urine and urea? - Correct answer ✔Urea is broken down by excess
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




amino acids. ||||||

, Urine contains urea and excess water.
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why urea have to be removed from our body? - Correct answer ✔urea needs to be removed from
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our body, this is because if there's too much urea present in our bloodstream, then it can damage
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our cells and tissues
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talk about the kidney structure? - Correct answer ✔the kidney are surrounded by a capsule that
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protects the fragile structure underneath. |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




what is a nephron? - Correct answer ✔nephrons are tiny things that extend from the cortex to the
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medulla and they are important for ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption and urine formation.
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how is the nephron adapted? - Correct answer ✔the renal tubule of each nephron is lined with
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




microvilli to increase the surface area |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is ultrafiltration? - Correct answer ✔ultrafiltration happens in the glomerular capsule
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(Bowman's capsule) ||||||




everything except large proteins, red blood cells and most of the white blood cell is forced out of
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the blood into the glomerular capsule
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what is selective reabsorption? - Correct answer ✔water, amino acids, glucose and ions are
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




selectively reabsorbed first in the proximal convoluted tubule |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




why selective reabsorption it's important? - Correct answer ✔the final production of urine it
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




depends on: ||||||




-selective reabsorption out of the nephron |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




-removing nitrogenous waste |||||| ||||||




what is osmoreception? - Correct answer ✔osmoreceptors that are present in the hypothalamus
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




detect water level in the blood. |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||

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