DPH - PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH PROMOTION
QUIZZES & ANS!!/NEWEST UPDATE 2025
Define health inequality - CORRECT ANSWER- Health differences that are avoidable
and considered unacceptable and unfair in modern society
What is the Social Gradient of Health - CORRECT ANSWER- Individuals at the top of
the social hierarchy enjoy better health than those directly below, and as you go down
more health gets worse in a consistent fashion
From the middle to the outside, what are the different boxes in the wider determinants of
health model? - CORRECT ANSWER- Age, sex, hereditary factors
Individual lifestyle choices
Social and community networks
Living and working conditions
General SES, cultural and environmental conditions
Define the social determinants of health - CORRECT ANSWER- The social
determinants and conditions of daily life responsible for a major part of health
inequalities between and within countries
Name some of the WHO 10 social determinants of health - CORRECT ANSWER-
Social gradient
Work
Food
Stress
Unemployment
Transport
Early life
Addiction
Social support
Social exclusion
Why is it no good to just focus on trying to change people's lifestyles in health
promotion? - CORRECT ANSWER- Health behaviours alone do not explain differences
in OH inequalities. Solely focusing on changing lifestyle diverts attention from THE
CAUSES OF THE CAUSES - people do not necessarily choose their own lifestyle and
can't necessarily change them! Waste of time educating someone to change their
behaviour if they don't have resources to change them.
, Focusing only on lifestyle is almost VICTIM BLAMING which is ineffective and will only
serve to widen health inequalities
What is the upstream approach? - CORRECT ANSWER- Instead of trying to change
patient's lifestyles, we should be trying to work to take action on the underlying social
determinants of health, upstream action to improve living, working and social conditions.
Health professionals should act as advocates for change to promote OH and reduce
inequality.
Give a definition of Health - CORRECT ANSWER- A complete state of physical, mental
and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the difference between the biomedical model of health and the social model of
health? - CORRECT ANSWER- Biomedical model is that health is merely absence of
disease and humans are like machines - apply forces to correct sickness. Direct
services towards treatment.
Social model is that health is a product of social, biological and environmental factors.
Direct services towards all stages of prevention and treatment
Define disease - CORRECT ANSWER- Named pathological entity diagnosed by means
of objective tests and clinical signs
Define illness - CORRECT ANSWER- Subjective response of individual to being unwell.
What is impairment, disability and handicap? - CORRECT ANSWER- Impairment: any
loss of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
Disability: restriction of ability to perform an activity in a manner normal for a human
being secondary to impairment
Handicap: disadvantage in society for given individual due to impairment or disability,
the broader social and psychological consequences
What is the clinical iceberg? - CORRECT ANSWER- The gap between patient's
wants/demand and clinican's idea of normative need
What is the inverse care law? - CORRECT ANSWER- More services in places that are
middle class as people use them, in deprived areas there less services, and people
QUIZZES & ANS!!/NEWEST UPDATE 2025
Define health inequality - CORRECT ANSWER- Health differences that are avoidable
and considered unacceptable and unfair in modern society
What is the Social Gradient of Health - CORRECT ANSWER- Individuals at the top of
the social hierarchy enjoy better health than those directly below, and as you go down
more health gets worse in a consistent fashion
From the middle to the outside, what are the different boxes in the wider determinants of
health model? - CORRECT ANSWER- Age, sex, hereditary factors
Individual lifestyle choices
Social and community networks
Living and working conditions
General SES, cultural and environmental conditions
Define the social determinants of health - CORRECT ANSWER- The social
determinants and conditions of daily life responsible for a major part of health
inequalities between and within countries
Name some of the WHO 10 social determinants of health - CORRECT ANSWER-
Social gradient
Work
Food
Stress
Unemployment
Transport
Early life
Addiction
Social support
Social exclusion
Why is it no good to just focus on trying to change people's lifestyles in health
promotion? - CORRECT ANSWER- Health behaviours alone do not explain differences
in OH inequalities. Solely focusing on changing lifestyle diverts attention from THE
CAUSES OF THE CAUSES - people do not necessarily choose their own lifestyle and
can't necessarily change them! Waste of time educating someone to change their
behaviour if they don't have resources to change them.
, Focusing only on lifestyle is almost VICTIM BLAMING which is ineffective and will only
serve to widen health inequalities
What is the upstream approach? - CORRECT ANSWER- Instead of trying to change
patient's lifestyles, we should be trying to work to take action on the underlying social
determinants of health, upstream action to improve living, working and social conditions.
Health professionals should act as advocates for change to promote OH and reduce
inequality.
Give a definition of Health - CORRECT ANSWER- A complete state of physical, mental
and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the difference between the biomedical model of health and the social model of
health? - CORRECT ANSWER- Biomedical model is that health is merely absence of
disease and humans are like machines - apply forces to correct sickness. Direct
services towards treatment.
Social model is that health is a product of social, biological and environmental factors.
Direct services towards all stages of prevention and treatment
Define disease - CORRECT ANSWER- Named pathological entity diagnosed by means
of objective tests and clinical signs
Define illness - CORRECT ANSWER- Subjective response of individual to being unwell.
What is impairment, disability and handicap? - CORRECT ANSWER- Impairment: any
loss of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
Disability: restriction of ability to perform an activity in a manner normal for a human
being secondary to impairment
Handicap: disadvantage in society for given individual due to impairment or disability,
the broader social and psychological consequences
What is the clinical iceberg? - CORRECT ANSWER- The gap between patient's
wants/demand and clinican's idea of normative need
What is the inverse care law? - CORRECT ANSWER- More services in places that are
middle class as people use them, in deprived areas there less services, and people
