NUSA 203 - Exam 5 Questions and Answers Already Passed
Older adult endocrine system issues - Answers - illness
- alterations in diet, activity, lean body mass to fat ratio
- sleep disturbance
- decreased metabolic clearance of hormones
- polypharmacy
Older adult changes - Answers - diluted urine
- decreased bone density
- thinner and drier skin
- drier perineal and vaginal tissue
- weight greater than ideal
- less tolerant of cold
Endocrine physical assessment - Answers - LOC
- speech
- posture
- body composition
- body proportion
- distribution of body fat
Endocrine laboratory tests - Answers - stimulation/suppression tests
- assays (detect thyroid hormone levels in the blood)
- urine tests
- glucose tests
- imaging assessments
Posterior pituitary hormones - Answers - antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
,- oxytocin
Hypopituitarism - Answers - deficiency of one or more anterior pituitary hormones results in metabolic
problems and sexual dysfunction
- ACTH and TSH deficiencies most life-threatening
Panhypopituitarism - Answers decreased production of all anterior pituitary hormones
Hyperpituitarism - Answers - hormone oversecretion occurs with pituitary tumors or hyperplasia
- pituitary adenoma
- genetic considerations
Gigantism - Answers hypersecretion of growth hormone before puberty
Acromegaly - Answers hypersecretion of growth hormone after puberty
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) - Answers - water metabolism problem caused by an ADH deficiency
- either decrease in ADH synthesis or inability of kidneys to respond to ADH
- polyuria
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) assessment - Answers - symptoms of dehydration
- increase in frequency of urination and excessive thirst
- urine diluted with low specific gravity (<1.005)
- diagnosed with dehydration and hypertonic saline tests
- weight loss
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) interventions - Answers - oral chlorpropamide
- desmopressin acetate
- early detection of dehydration and maintenance of adequate hydration
- lifelong vasopressin (ADH) therapy with permanent condition
- teach patients to weigh themselves daily to identify weight loss
SIADH - Answers - water is retained, resulting in hyponatremia (decreased serum sodium level)
- vasopressin (ADH) is secreted even when plasma osmolarity is low or normal
- feedback mechanisms do not function properly
, SIADH assessment - Answers - recent head trauma
- cerebrovascular disease
- TB or other pulmonary disease
- cancer
- all past and current drug use
- decrease in serum sodium levels
- weight gain
SIADH interventions - Answers - fluid restriction
- drug therapy (diuretics)
- monitor for fluid overload
- safe environment
- neurologic assessment
Adrenal cortex hormones - Answers - aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)
- cortisol (corticosteroid)
Adrenal medulla hormones - Answers - epinephrine
- norepinephrine
- (catecholamines)
Adrenal gland hypofunction - Answers - adrenocortical steroids may decrease as a result of inadequate
secretion of ACTH
- dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary control mechanism
- direct dysfunction of adrenal tissue
Addison's Disease - Answers a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough
cortisol or aldosterone
Addisonian crisis - Answers - life-threatening event in which the need for cortisol and aldosterone is
greater than the available supply
- usually occurs in a response to a stressful event
Addison's Disease symptoms - Answers - hypoglycemia
Older adult endocrine system issues - Answers - illness
- alterations in diet, activity, lean body mass to fat ratio
- sleep disturbance
- decreased metabolic clearance of hormones
- polypharmacy
Older adult changes - Answers - diluted urine
- decreased bone density
- thinner and drier skin
- drier perineal and vaginal tissue
- weight greater than ideal
- less tolerant of cold
Endocrine physical assessment - Answers - LOC
- speech
- posture
- body composition
- body proportion
- distribution of body fat
Endocrine laboratory tests - Answers - stimulation/suppression tests
- assays (detect thyroid hormone levels in the blood)
- urine tests
- glucose tests
- imaging assessments
Posterior pituitary hormones - Answers - antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
,- oxytocin
Hypopituitarism - Answers - deficiency of one or more anterior pituitary hormones results in metabolic
problems and sexual dysfunction
- ACTH and TSH deficiencies most life-threatening
Panhypopituitarism - Answers decreased production of all anterior pituitary hormones
Hyperpituitarism - Answers - hormone oversecretion occurs with pituitary tumors or hyperplasia
- pituitary adenoma
- genetic considerations
Gigantism - Answers hypersecretion of growth hormone before puberty
Acromegaly - Answers hypersecretion of growth hormone after puberty
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) - Answers - water metabolism problem caused by an ADH deficiency
- either decrease in ADH synthesis or inability of kidneys to respond to ADH
- polyuria
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) assessment - Answers - symptoms of dehydration
- increase in frequency of urination and excessive thirst
- urine diluted with low specific gravity (<1.005)
- diagnosed with dehydration and hypertonic saline tests
- weight loss
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) interventions - Answers - oral chlorpropamide
- desmopressin acetate
- early detection of dehydration and maintenance of adequate hydration
- lifelong vasopressin (ADH) therapy with permanent condition
- teach patients to weigh themselves daily to identify weight loss
SIADH - Answers - water is retained, resulting in hyponatremia (decreased serum sodium level)
- vasopressin (ADH) is secreted even when plasma osmolarity is low or normal
- feedback mechanisms do not function properly
, SIADH assessment - Answers - recent head trauma
- cerebrovascular disease
- TB or other pulmonary disease
- cancer
- all past and current drug use
- decrease in serum sodium levels
- weight gain
SIADH interventions - Answers - fluid restriction
- drug therapy (diuretics)
- monitor for fluid overload
- safe environment
- neurologic assessment
Adrenal cortex hormones - Answers - aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)
- cortisol (corticosteroid)
Adrenal medulla hormones - Answers - epinephrine
- norepinephrine
- (catecholamines)
Adrenal gland hypofunction - Answers - adrenocortical steroids may decrease as a result of inadequate
secretion of ACTH
- dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary control mechanism
- direct dysfunction of adrenal tissue
Addison's Disease - Answers a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough
cortisol or aldosterone
Addisonian crisis - Answers - life-threatening event in which the need for cortisol and aldosterone is
greater than the available supply
- usually occurs in a response to a stressful event
Addison's Disease symptoms - Answers - hypoglycemia
