NU205 Final Exam Test Questions with Answers
1. Crohn's disease: inflammatory bowel disease
can affect any segment of the upper or lower GI tract
2. encephalopathy manifestations: any condition that causes brain dysfunction or
damage, leading to an altered mental state
changes in memory, cognition, personality, and behavior, among other symptoms
3. regions of the cerebrum: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital
cerebral cortex, gray matter, and subcortical structures like the thalamus and limbic
system
4. ectopic pregnancy: fertilized egg becomes implanted and starts to develop in a
fallopian tube instead of uterus
treatment: surgical removal of a fertilized egg
without treatment fallopian tube can burst- ovarian tubes or fallopian tubes removed,
even partial hysterectomy
5. polycystic ovarian syndrome: most common endocrine disturbance in young
females
etiology of PCOS involves a dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis
manifests as amenorrhea or dysfunctional uterine bleeding, hirsutism, acne, and
infertility
6. Peyronie's disease: a condition characterized by scar tissue formation within the
penis, leading to curvature or bending during an erection
can cause pain and erectile dysfunction
7. hydrocele treatment: a painless swelling in the scrotum due to a collection of
fluid
surgery to drain fluid from scrotum
8. testicular torsion: occurs when testis rotates around the axis of the spermatic
cord
obstructs blood flow to testicle, which can lead to ischemia and infarction of testicle
urological emergency
9. syphilis: infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum
transmissible by sexual contact
10. lichenification: thickening and hardening of the skin
can be difuse: spead across a large area
A: symmetry
B: border
C: color
D: diameter
11. bladder cancer: cancer that develops in the lining of the bladder
characterized by blood in the urine
, NU205 Final Exam Test Questions with Answers
painless hematuria
pain in the back, pelvis or bones
12. ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) etiology: progressive neurodegenerative
disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, ultimately causing
muscle weakness and paralysis
unknown etiology
13. apoptosis: cell death
14. Tay Sach's disease: lysosomal storage disease
cherry red dot in the eyes
15. stress types: eustress: positive
distress: negative
16. nucleotides: building blocks of DNA
17. Marfan syndrome: connective tissue disorder
long bones, tall stature
18. hypoxia: lack of oxygen in the blood
19. Hans Selye adaptation syndrome: 1. alarm
2. response
3. exhaustion
20. aneurysm: weakened area of arterial wall
21. hypertrophy: physiological hypertrophy: positive accumulation of cells (body-
building)
pathological hypertrophy: negative accumulation of cells (left ventricular hypertro-
phy)
22. RNA transcription: the process of copying DNA into RNA
23. pressure ulcer staging: stage 1: intact skin, non-blanchable
stage 2: partial thickness loss of dermis
stage 3: full thickness tissue loss
stage 4: full thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon, muscle
unstageable: full thickness loss where the base is covered by slough/ eschar
24. etiology: root cause/ original cause of a disease
25. atrophy: diminished cells in an area because of lack of use of muscle, tissue,
organ, etc.
26. metaplasia: mature cell type is replaced by different mature cell type
27. lung cancer: number one cause of lung cancer= smoking
28. smoking history: pack smoked per day x years smoked
29. breast cancer: dysfunctional BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes
30. human papillomavirus (HPV): cervical cancer
31. deep somatic pain: produces a dull, poorly localized pain of longer duration
example: sprains and broken bones
1. Crohn's disease: inflammatory bowel disease
can affect any segment of the upper or lower GI tract
2. encephalopathy manifestations: any condition that causes brain dysfunction or
damage, leading to an altered mental state
changes in memory, cognition, personality, and behavior, among other symptoms
3. regions of the cerebrum: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital
cerebral cortex, gray matter, and subcortical structures like the thalamus and limbic
system
4. ectopic pregnancy: fertilized egg becomes implanted and starts to develop in a
fallopian tube instead of uterus
treatment: surgical removal of a fertilized egg
without treatment fallopian tube can burst- ovarian tubes or fallopian tubes removed,
even partial hysterectomy
5. polycystic ovarian syndrome: most common endocrine disturbance in young
females
etiology of PCOS involves a dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis
manifests as amenorrhea or dysfunctional uterine bleeding, hirsutism, acne, and
infertility
6. Peyronie's disease: a condition characterized by scar tissue formation within the
penis, leading to curvature or bending during an erection
can cause pain and erectile dysfunction
7. hydrocele treatment: a painless swelling in the scrotum due to a collection of
fluid
surgery to drain fluid from scrotum
8. testicular torsion: occurs when testis rotates around the axis of the spermatic
cord
obstructs blood flow to testicle, which can lead to ischemia and infarction of testicle
urological emergency
9. syphilis: infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum
transmissible by sexual contact
10. lichenification: thickening and hardening of the skin
can be difuse: spead across a large area
A: symmetry
B: border
C: color
D: diameter
11. bladder cancer: cancer that develops in the lining of the bladder
characterized by blood in the urine
, NU205 Final Exam Test Questions with Answers
painless hematuria
pain in the back, pelvis or bones
12. ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) etiology: progressive neurodegenerative
disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, ultimately causing
muscle weakness and paralysis
unknown etiology
13. apoptosis: cell death
14. Tay Sach's disease: lysosomal storage disease
cherry red dot in the eyes
15. stress types: eustress: positive
distress: negative
16. nucleotides: building blocks of DNA
17. Marfan syndrome: connective tissue disorder
long bones, tall stature
18. hypoxia: lack of oxygen in the blood
19. Hans Selye adaptation syndrome: 1. alarm
2. response
3. exhaustion
20. aneurysm: weakened area of arterial wall
21. hypertrophy: physiological hypertrophy: positive accumulation of cells (body-
building)
pathological hypertrophy: negative accumulation of cells (left ventricular hypertro-
phy)
22. RNA transcription: the process of copying DNA into RNA
23. pressure ulcer staging: stage 1: intact skin, non-blanchable
stage 2: partial thickness loss of dermis
stage 3: full thickness tissue loss
stage 4: full thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon, muscle
unstageable: full thickness loss where the base is covered by slough/ eschar
24. etiology: root cause/ original cause of a disease
25. atrophy: diminished cells in an area because of lack of use of muscle, tissue,
organ, etc.
26. metaplasia: mature cell type is replaced by different mature cell type
27. lung cancer: number one cause of lung cancer= smoking
28. smoking history: pack smoked per day x years smoked
29. breast cancer: dysfunctional BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes
30. human papillomavirus (HPV): cervical cancer
31. deep somatic pain: produces a dull, poorly localized pain of longer duration
example: sprains and broken bones
