PN3, exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Homan's sign - CORRECT ANSWER - To assess DVT. Client forcefully dorsiflexes the
foot. If pain is present, may indicate positive result. Warm, tender, reddened, hardened area of
calf indicates thrombophlebitis
Most dangerous heart arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - Ventricular tachycardia.
Occurrence of 3 or more consecutive PVC's. May go as high as 140-240BPM. Low BP,
weak/absent pulses, body weakness, possible unconsciousness. Treat immediately, otherwise
possible v-fib
Fluid in pericardial space - CORRECT ANSWER - Some is normal as lubricant to help
pump effectively. If excess fluid, it is called pericardial effusion. S1 and S2 will be muffled &
hard to hear bc of the fluid
DVT complications - CORRECT ANSWER - Can lead to fatal PE. Treatments include
anticoagulants. Preventative measures are ambulation, leg exercises, antiembolism stockings or
compression devices
Discharge teaching for thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER - Anticoagulant such as
coumadin. Drink 2-3 quarts of h2o daily, no crossed legs, elevate legs while sitting, avoid sitting
or standing long periods, wear support, shift weight back and forth for circulation. Notify PCP
asap if assumed DVT or PE
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - HR 60 or lower. Causes include myocardial
ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, vagal stim, beta blockers, drug toxicity, intracranial tumors,
sleep, vomiting. Treatments: atropine. May require pacemaker. Athletes usually not treated.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - 100-150BPM. Causes are stress, fever, meds, pain,
anemia, pericarditis, CHF, caffeine, tobacco. Treatments to stop: meds, heart shock. Treatments
to prevent: catheter ablation, meds, pacemaker, defibrillator, surgery
, Complications of A-Fib - CORRECT ANSWER - 350-600BPM. Symptoms may be
palpitations, dyspnea, dizziness, angina, syncope. Blood pools in atria bc not contracting
properly.
Foods to avoid with an atrial dysrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - fat, caffeine.
treatment of v-fib - CORRECT ANSWER - oxygen. amiodarone aka cordarone given thru
IV. Lidocaine hydrochloride, mag sulfate. Can also be cardioverted if peripheral pulses are
present or defib if peripheral pulses are absent
Landmarks of defibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER - The delivery of unsynchronized
high energy electircal shock during an emergency situation such as MI or pulseless VT
Placement of defib pads - CORRECT ANSWER - right of sternum below clavical at apex
of heart. Lubed with gel, done by cardiac doc or nurse. everyone should stand clear to prevent
shock
PTT - CORRECT ANSWER - partial thromboplastin time. serum test that IDs
abnormalities in clotting pathway. Normal time is 60-70 sec clot time. If >100, higher clot risk. If
taking heparin, do PTT test 30-60 mins before dose
cardiac complications from rheumatic fever - CORRECT ANSWER - carditis. valve
between two left chambers aka mitral valve but other valve may be affected. Valve stenosis,
regurgitation, damage to muscle, a-fib, heart failure.
Treatment for hemophilia who has pain in joints - CORRECT ANSWER - frequent blood
transfusions
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER - lack of blood
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER - rare disorder where blood doesn't clot normally bc it
lacks sufficient clotting proteins
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Homan's sign - CORRECT ANSWER - To assess DVT. Client forcefully dorsiflexes the
foot. If pain is present, may indicate positive result. Warm, tender, reddened, hardened area of
calf indicates thrombophlebitis
Most dangerous heart arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - Ventricular tachycardia.
Occurrence of 3 or more consecutive PVC's. May go as high as 140-240BPM. Low BP,
weak/absent pulses, body weakness, possible unconsciousness. Treat immediately, otherwise
possible v-fib
Fluid in pericardial space - CORRECT ANSWER - Some is normal as lubricant to help
pump effectively. If excess fluid, it is called pericardial effusion. S1 and S2 will be muffled &
hard to hear bc of the fluid
DVT complications - CORRECT ANSWER - Can lead to fatal PE. Treatments include
anticoagulants. Preventative measures are ambulation, leg exercises, antiembolism stockings or
compression devices
Discharge teaching for thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER - Anticoagulant such as
coumadin. Drink 2-3 quarts of h2o daily, no crossed legs, elevate legs while sitting, avoid sitting
or standing long periods, wear support, shift weight back and forth for circulation. Notify PCP
asap if assumed DVT or PE
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - HR 60 or lower. Causes include myocardial
ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, vagal stim, beta blockers, drug toxicity, intracranial tumors,
sleep, vomiting. Treatments: atropine. May require pacemaker. Athletes usually not treated.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER - 100-150BPM. Causes are stress, fever, meds, pain,
anemia, pericarditis, CHF, caffeine, tobacco. Treatments to stop: meds, heart shock. Treatments
to prevent: catheter ablation, meds, pacemaker, defibrillator, surgery
, Complications of A-Fib - CORRECT ANSWER - 350-600BPM. Symptoms may be
palpitations, dyspnea, dizziness, angina, syncope. Blood pools in atria bc not contracting
properly.
Foods to avoid with an atrial dysrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - fat, caffeine.
treatment of v-fib - CORRECT ANSWER - oxygen. amiodarone aka cordarone given thru
IV. Lidocaine hydrochloride, mag sulfate. Can also be cardioverted if peripheral pulses are
present or defib if peripheral pulses are absent
Landmarks of defibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER - The delivery of unsynchronized
high energy electircal shock during an emergency situation such as MI or pulseless VT
Placement of defib pads - CORRECT ANSWER - right of sternum below clavical at apex
of heart. Lubed with gel, done by cardiac doc or nurse. everyone should stand clear to prevent
shock
PTT - CORRECT ANSWER - partial thromboplastin time. serum test that IDs
abnormalities in clotting pathway. Normal time is 60-70 sec clot time. If >100, higher clot risk. If
taking heparin, do PTT test 30-60 mins before dose
cardiac complications from rheumatic fever - CORRECT ANSWER - carditis. valve
between two left chambers aka mitral valve but other valve may be affected. Valve stenosis,
regurgitation, damage to muscle, a-fib, heart failure.
Treatment for hemophilia who has pain in joints - CORRECT ANSWER - frequent blood
transfusions
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER - lack of blood
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWER - rare disorder where blood doesn't clot normally bc it
lacks sufficient clotting proteins
