ATI CAPSTONE PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM. 2025 UPDATED EXAM WITH
CORRECT ELLABORATED ANSWERS.
A+ GRADED
A nurse is providing care to a client with staphylococcus epidermis
who is prescribed vancomycin. Identify the adverse effect
associated with this antibiotic therapy.
Hepatotoxicity
Constipation
Infusion reaction
Immunosuppression - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Infusion reaction;
Red Man Syndrome or an infusion reaction that results in rashes,
flushing, tachycardia and hypotension can occur as an adverse
reaction. For this reason, vancomycin should be administered over a
60 minute period.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed ferrous sulfate for the
treatment of anemia. Which of the following instructions should be
included in the client teaching about this medication?
Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption.
Notify your provider if your stool becomes dark green.
Decrease dietary fiber intake while taking this medication.
Take prescribed antacids at the same time as this medication. - ✔
ANSWER ✔ Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize
absorption;
,The nurse should instruct the clients to take iron on an empty
stomach, such as 1 hr before meals to maximize absorption.
Stomach acid increases absorption. If GI adverse effects occur, the
client can take with food to increase adherence to therapy even
though absorption is also decreased.
A client has been prescribed vasopressin (Pitressin) for the
treatment of diabetes insipidus. What is the expected
pharmacological action of this medication?
To stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin.
To slow the absorption of glucose in the intestine.
To increase reabsorption of water in the renal tubules.
To increase blood pressure. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ To increase
reabsorption of water in the renal tubules;
The expected pharmacological action is to promote reabsorption of
water within the kidney.
A nurse is caring for a client newly prescribed doxazosin mesylate
(Cardura). Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include in client education regarding taking the first dose of this
medication?
Change positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs.
There is no need to avoid normal activities.
Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
,Do not eat green leafy vegetables. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Change
positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs;
First-dose orthostatic hypotension can occur with doxazosin. The
nurse should instruct clients to change positions slowly and to lie
down if feeling dizzy, lightheaded or faint.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed montelukast (Singulair).
Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching related to
this medication?
Advise client to take the medication once daily at bedtime.
This medication is for acute management of asthma.
Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
If the client forgets to take the medication for a few days he can
double up on doses to catch up. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Advise client to
take the medication once daily at bedtime;
Clients should take montelukast once daily at bedtime.
A 45-year-old client is taking methylprednisolone. What
pharmacological action should the nurse expect with this therapy?
Suppression of beta2 receptors.
Suppression of airway mucus production.
Fortification of bones.
Suppression of candidiasis. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Suppression of airway
mucus production;
, Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone will suppress airway
mucus production.
Which of the following are contraindications to salicylate acid
therapy?
Third trimester pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Coronary artery disease
Adolescents with chickenpox
Deep vein thrombus - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Third trimester pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Adolescents with chickenpox;
Salicylate Acid Therapy Contraindications: Salicylate acid is a
category D agent and should not be administered to pregnant
clients. Salicylate acid is contraindicated in clients with bleeding
disorders and thrombocytopenia. Salicylate acid should not be given
to children or adolescents with fever or recent chickenpox due to the
risk of Reye syndrome. The therapy is used for the following types of
clients: Salicylate acid inhibits platelet aggregation and is often used
in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis. Salicylate acid is
commonly prescribed to clients with coronary artery disease to
prevent thrombus formation.
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 2mg IV bolus.
Available is morphine sulfate 10mg/ml. How many ml should the
nurse administer per dose? - ✔ ANSWER ✔ 0.2mL
EXAM. 2025 UPDATED EXAM WITH
CORRECT ELLABORATED ANSWERS.
A+ GRADED
A nurse is providing care to a client with staphylococcus epidermis
who is prescribed vancomycin. Identify the adverse effect
associated with this antibiotic therapy.
Hepatotoxicity
Constipation
Infusion reaction
Immunosuppression - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Infusion reaction;
Red Man Syndrome or an infusion reaction that results in rashes,
flushing, tachycardia and hypotension can occur as an adverse
reaction. For this reason, vancomycin should be administered over a
60 minute period.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed ferrous sulfate for the
treatment of anemia. Which of the following instructions should be
included in the client teaching about this medication?
Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption.
Notify your provider if your stool becomes dark green.
Decrease dietary fiber intake while taking this medication.
Take prescribed antacids at the same time as this medication. - ✔
ANSWER ✔ Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize
absorption;
,The nurse should instruct the clients to take iron on an empty
stomach, such as 1 hr before meals to maximize absorption.
Stomach acid increases absorption. If GI adverse effects occur, the
client can take with food to increase adherence to therapy even
though absorption is also decreased.
A client has been prescribed vasopressin (Pitressin) for the
treatment of diabetes insipidus. What is the expected
pharmacological action of this medication?
To stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin.
To slow the absorption of glucose in the intestine.
To increase reabsorption of water in the renal tubules.
To increase blood pressure. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ To increase
reabsorption of water in the renal tubules;
The expected pharmacological action is to promote reabsorption of
water within the kidney.
A nurse is caring for a client newly prescribed doxazosin mesylate
(Cardura). Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include in client education regarding taking the first dose of this
medication?
Change positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs.
There is no need to avoid normal activities.
Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
,Do not eat green leafy vegetables. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Change
positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs;
First-dose orthostatic hypotension can occur with doxazosin. The
nurse should instruct clients to change positions slowly and to lie
down if feeling dizzy, lightheaded or faint.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed montelukast (Singulair).
Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching related to
this medication?
Advise client to take the medication once daily at bedtime.
This medication is for acute management of asthma.
Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
If the client forgets to take the medication for a few days he can
double up on doses to catch up. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Advise client to
take the medication once daily at bedtime;
Clients should take montelukast once daily at bedtime.
A 45-year-old client is taking methylprednisolone. What
pharmacological action should the nurse expect with this therapy?
Suppression of beta2 receptors.
Suppression of airway mucus production.
Fortification of bones.
Suppression of candidiasis. - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Suppression of airway
mucus production;
, Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone will suppress airway
mucus production.
Which of the following are contraindications to salicylate acid
therapy?
Third trimester pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Coronary artery disease
Adolescents with chickenpox
Deep vein thrombus - ✔ ANSWER ✔ Third trimester pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Adolescents with chickenpox;
Salicylate Acid Therapy Contraindications: Salicylate acid is a
category D agent and should not be administered to pregnant
clients. Salicylate acid is contraindicated in clients with bleeding
disorders and thrombocytopenia. Salicylate acid should not be given
to children or adolescents with fever or recent chickenpox due to the
risk of Reye syndrome. The therapy is used for the following types of
clients: Salicylate acid inhibits platelet aggregation and is often used
in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis. Salicylate acid is
commonly prescribed to clients with coronary artery disease to
prevent thrombus formation.
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 2mg IV bolus.
Available is morphine sulfate 10mg/ml. How many ml should the
nurse administer per dose? - ✔ ANSWER ✔ 0.2mL
