2025 HESI Pharmacology (Pharm) Exam Version 1 V1, V2, V3 BRAND NEW Q&As

Nurse should observe most closely for drug toxicity when a client receives med that has what characteristic - Narrow therapeutic index Nurse is conducting DC teaching about anti-anxiety drug diazepam (valium) - Evaluate the ingredients of all over-the-counter drugs for alcohol content Nursing instruction most important for patient on Zyloprim - Increase fluid intake Client getting Tofranil (Imipramine) - Give medication at night Magnesium antidote - Calcium gluconate Patient with hyperthyroidism taking inderal (propanalol) - Decreases pulse rate Medication dosing-heparin 25000 units at 7ml/hr doctor changed rate to 900 units what is the - Mls/hr Med was ordered 100mg in 4 divided doses in 24 hours available in 25mg, how many will you give every 6 hours - 1 pill Q6H Patient on benzos - Answer is not narcan Patient Dx with bipolar-how to know if meds are effective - Family states patient is doing better with manic phases Patient on Heparin going for surgery in a.m.,-priority - Assess patient for bleeds Best time to give patient Abx (I think) - Time was like 1000, 1400, 1200, and 0400...best to give around the clock Medication calculation-patient weighs equal to 16kg-order for Tamiflu 45mg BID - Must round up-answer is 3.8ml Peptic ulcer med-what action - Histamine 2 agonist Patient on folliculitis medication-what to teach - Drink with full glass of water Rapid-Lispro (Humalog) and Aspart (Novolog) Onset: 5-15 minutes Peak: .75-1.5 hours Short acting- regular (humulin) Onset: 30-60 minutes Peak: 2-3 hours 2025 HESI Pharmacology (Pharm) Exam Version 1 V1, V2, V3 BRAND NEW Q&As (IV ok) Intermediate acting- NPH Onset: 1-2 hours Pea:k 6-12 hours Long acting- Glargine (lantus) Onset: 1.1 hour Peak: 14-20 hours (DO NOT MIX) - Chlamidia - Tetracycline Trichomoniasis - Flagyl Candidiasis - Nystatin Herpes Simplex 2 - Acyclovir Parkinson's disease - Levodopa/Carbidopa Phenobarbitol - Seizures Preparing to administer a drug to a pt with an infection - The drug will destroy the microorganism RN is teaching a pt about a new drug... what's most important to teach the pt to improve the intensity of the response to the drug - Take the prescribed dose A nurse is giving morphine 2 mg IV to a pt after surgery and she has followed the "six rights of administration"... - Know the possible reactions to morphine RN doesn't understand why a pt is to receive a prescribed med - Verity the reason with the prescribing healthcare provider for use Administration of schedule IV drug, the RN understands - The drug has acceptable medical application with low potential for abuse Where would a RN direct a pt to obtain more info about prescribed medications - A pharmacist RN is prepared to administer Epinephrine to pt that has a severe allergic reaction - IV - no first pass effect Digoxin has 36-48 hr half life - because of the length of half life, the RN expects to be dosing this medication - Once a day Pt is prescribed Cimetidine (histamine 2 antagonist) to treat gastric ulcer - Inhibit the action of histamine at receptor sites and block gastric acid secretion Drug X has a therapeutic index of 10 and drug Y has an index of 2 - Drug Y - more potent A pt taking Digoxin is also prescribed Propanolol. The 2 drugs combined may cause a serious decrease in HR - An increased adverse effect A pt prescribed CCB Diltiazem to treat hypertension - Grapefruit juice Which of the pts would be at highest risk for an adverse reaction - An 84 yo with diabetes, HF, hypertension and takes 8 medications per day RN receives a handwritten medication order - can't read - Contact prescriber to clarify order A breast-feeding pt is prescribed an antimicrobial medication - Take immediately after breast-feeding The RN is evaluating the kidney fx of an 82 yo pt before administration of medications - Creatinine clearance - a measure of how the kidneys are fx by excreting creatinine. The most important factor in an adverse drug reaction in the elderly population is - Declining renal fx A pt is prescribed Bethanocol (Muscarinic Agonist) for urinary retention - if pt exhibits signs of overdose such as: increased salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotention, the RN would administer - Atropine (anticholenergic - makes us dry) The pt takes Oxybutinin (anticholenergic) for OOB takes an OTC antihistamine (anticholenergic) for hay fever - Dry mouth, increased temp, and blurry vision (myosis) After IM injection of penicillin the pt develops severe difficulty breathing and swollen tongue (Anaphylaxis) - Administer epinephrine A pt receives Dopamine for shock (hypotention, vascular collapse, comatose) - Mean arterial pressure Pt receives a drug that blocks adrenergic receptors Orthostatic hypotension (no BP to the brain) - Reflex tachacardia is caused by hypotention A pt with diabetes gets a beta blocker (mask the signs of hypoglycemia and blocks beta receptors - inhibits glycogenolysis) - Atenolol (more selective) A pt with depression is prescribed an antidepressant - the medication will reach full therapeutic effect - 2 to 3 weeks (more like 1 to 2 months but this is the best response) A pt taking Levadopa/Carbadopa (dopaminergic) and experiences a frequent "on - off" episodes - Avoid high protein meals - competes with drug A pt is prescribed a Dopamine agonist (Mirapex) (adrenergic agonist) for Parkinson's - "This med will stop the progression of Parkinson's." - can't cure Parkinson's Pt with mild symptoms of Alzheimer's is prescribed Donepezil (Aricept) - The drug will stop the damage to the neurons in my brain Pt is concerned about developing Alzheimer's disease - Naproxen (NSAID's) Which assessment best determines the effectiveness of Sumatriptan (triptans are used for treatment of Migraines so... - Termination of the migraine Pt with schizophrenia is prescribed chlorpromazine (Thorazine - first generation antipsychotic) oral concentrate - The medication may cause excessive salivation And No direct skin contact (both correct - not a good question) Which best assessment best determines the pt is developing tardive dyskinesia - Twisting, writhing, worm-like movements of tongue Pt with depression is proscribed Fluoxitine (Prozac) - "It may take 3-4 weeks before my mood is elevated" Pt is on Marplan (MAOIs - have the most food interactions) for depression - Bananas, smoked fish, and cheese Pt on Lithium - Polydypsia (increased thirst), slurred speech, and fine hand tremors Pt is prescribed Lunesta for insomnia - Anterograde amnesia (memory loss of events right before taking drug) A 24 yo female gets Triazolam (Halcion) for insomnia at home (remember to use the process of elimination) - "The medication will not alter my breathing" A pt is prescribed Venlafaxine and the pt asks what the purpose of medication is, you should state - Depression and anxiety A pt with OCD is prescribed Zoloft - which is not a true statement about the medication - "I will get better in 3 weeks." (full effect in 1 - 2 months, you won't get "better" necessarily) An RN is teaching a parent about administration of aderol to treat their child's ADD - Give the dose in the morning b4 school. (amphetamine - child needs it to concentrate) Amphetamines can cause growth suppression in children - Provide snack or meal b4 giving med (because amphetamines suppresses appetite) Pt states that he's on Oxycodone and the dose that he currently receives does not provide the same pain relief - Tolerance A pt with HF is getting Furosemide (Lasix) (loop diuretic is K+ wasting) Oranges, spinach, and potatoes - high in potassium A client in renal failure asks why he is being given antacids - Calcium and aluminum antacids bind phosphates and help to keep phosphates from being absorbed into blood stream thereby preventing rising phosphate levels, and must be taken with meals Receiving Digoxin for the onset supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - hypokalemnia Receiving Albuterol (Proventil) tablets complains of nausea every evening with her 9pm - doseadminister the dose with a snack The healthcare provider prescribes naloxone (Narcan) for a client in the emergency room - The clients' respiratory rate is 16 breaths/min A client who has been taking levadopa PO Tid to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease has a new prescription for sustained-release levadopa/carbidopa (Simemet 25/100) PO Bid and took his levadopa at 0800 - "You can begin taking the Sinemet this evening, but do not take any more levadopa" Which action is most important for the nurse to implement during the administration of the antirrhythmic drug adenosine (Adenocard) - Apply continuous cardiac monitoring Nurse is teaching a client with cancer about opioid management for intractable pain and tolerance related side effects - Constipation