HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1 2025 Actual Exam Graded A+

52: Epogen A client who is HIV positive is receiving epoetin (Epogen) for management of anemia secondary to zidovudine (AZT) therapy. Which laboratory finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider? Hematocrit (HCT) of 58% the nurse reviews the blood reports of a patient who is receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) and finds that the medication is effective. Which finding in the blood lab report enables the nurse to reach this conclusion? Hemoglobin levels of 15 g/dL A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? A. Reports of increased energy levels and decreased fatigue B. Takes concurrent iron therapy without adverse effects C. Food diary shows increased consumption of iron-rich foods D. Hemoglobin level increased to 12 grams/dL (120 mmol/L) Answer: D. Hemoglobin level increased to 12 grams/dL (120 mmol/ L) 51: low neutrophil/neutropenic precautions After receiving five doses of filgrastim the nurse notes that the client’s white blood cell count has increased from 2500/mm (2.5* 10/LSI) to 5,000/mm(5* 10/LSI). What action should the nurse implement? Answer: B. Implement neutropenic precautions 50: Calcitonin ● hypocalcemia = tetany (911) tx: Calcium gluconate// calcium chloride *** calcium glutinate @ bedside for thyroidectomy — high risk of hypocalcemia *** ● hypercalcemia tx avoid vit D in large amounts, calcitonin *** if patient has low calcium levels/HYPOcalcemia — HOLD CALCITONIN (lowers the levels) *** 49: Lithium ● Ibuprofen causes increased toxicity ● ASPIRIN = SAFE ● Monitor sodium levels — HYPOnatremia causes increased toxicity, sudden HYPERnatremia causes decrease lithium levels ● Diuretics contraindicated — decrease the sodium levels, causing toxicity ● ***when levels are too HIGH, drink 3L water*** A client with bipolar disorder admitted with severe depression and suicidal ideation receives a prescription for lithium carbonate. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client? a) Notify healthcare provider prior to dental procedure b) Avoid consuming all foods that contain iodine. c) Monitor blood glucose levels daily. d) Eliminate of nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDSs). d) Eliminate of nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDSs). ANS: D 48: lactulose A client with Encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which assessment provides the nurse best information to improve in drug. a) stool color b) Serum electrolytes and ammonia c) Fingerstick glucose d) Serum hepatic enzymes ANS: B ** decreased ammonia levels = improved mental status — shows effectiveness of lactulose ** 47: Duloxetine The nurse is planning care for a client with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Liver function laboratory results B. Family history of mental illness C. Recent use of other antidepressants D. Weight change in the last month ANS: A **** doc says “see if pt has taken other antidepressants? **** ***different question about same drug from same quizlet as many other questions*** An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine for the past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate follow-up? A.) describes life without purpose B.) states is often fatigued and drowsy C.) complaint of nausea and loss of appetite D.) exhibits an increase in sweating ANS: A 46: Tamsulosin — BP One hour after receiving the initial dose of doxazosin, a male client with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) complains of a rapid heartbeat and dizziness. He is sitting at the side of the bed finishing his bedtime snack. His radial pulse is 144 beats/minute. What action should the nurse take first? a. Notify the healthcare provider. b. Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG). c. Assist the client to a recumbent position. d. Obtain his blood pressure and apical pulse rate. ***doxazosin is same type of drug as tamsulosin*** 45: Risedronate (osteoporosis) ● Take with 6-8 oz of water (mineral water, oj, coffee and other beverages decrease absorption) ● If a dose is missed take the morning you remember, dont take two pills at once. ● remain upright for 30 minutes following dose to facilitate passage to stomach/reduce esophageal irritation *** Aldenronate — take 30 min before meals and upright 30 min after taking — routine = take med, 30 min walk, eat breakfast *** The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with medication. Which action should the nurse take? A. Instruct the client that it is necessary to take nothing but water with the medication 44: Probenecid The nurse is providing instructions about a client’s new medications. how should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug? A. Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine 43: Tamsulosin — ambulation A client is receiving tamsulosin (Flomax), an alpha adrenergic blocking agent, for the management of urinary retention due to BPH. The patient was siting after taking the lunch and started feeling with weakness. What is the First action the nurse should take? Place client in a Recumbent position. **doc said teach pt to call for assistance to bathroom**