NC EMT STATE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
What is the minimum weight necessary for EPI junior?
66 lbs
What is the diastolic BP?
The pressure during the RELAXATION and dilation of the ventricles of the
heart when the ventricles fill with blood
(O2 - poor blood returns to right atrium, then right ventricle)
What is the systolic BP?
During CONTRACTION, it pushes the blood out of the left ventricle and into
the large blood vessels of the circulatory system
What biological effect does Nitroglycerin have on the body?
- Vasodilator (Opens up the blood vessels to improve blood flow)
- Lowers BP
- Can take with antihistamine
What position to put a person who is experiencing chest pain and dyspnea
(labored breathing)?
In their comfort position
what is the chemical name of Aspirin?
acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
Signs of Shock?
- Pale, cool, clammy skin
- Hypotension (Low BP)
- Tachycardia (Increased Pulse)
- Tachypnea (Increased Breathing)
- N/V
,Where to check for capillary refill?
Fingers, toenails
What does a prolonged (> 2-3 sec) capillary refill suggest?
- Shock
- Heart failure
Where is the maxilla located?
Upper jaw
What is the respiratory rate of an Adult, child, infant?
A: 12-20
C: 15-30
I: 25-50
When doing artificial ventilation (Ex. during CPR) what is the rate for adults,
children, and infants?
- Adults: every 6 secs
- Child: every 3 secs
For what conditions is a CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) used?
CHF, COPD
What is COPD?
Various lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe
What is a Pulmonary Edema?
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs
What is the treatment for CHF?
High concentrated O2 by mask
(If patient is breathing inadequate then use artificial ventilation)
What is Pneumonia?
Inflammation of the lungs
,What is a pulmonary embolism?
Blood clot that broke off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of
the lung, causing an obstruction of blood flow
What is the O2 % of a nasal canula?
24 - 44%
(Increases by 4% from 24; 1-6L/min)
What is the O2 % of a Non-Rebreather Mask?
60 - 90%
(12 - 15L/min)
What is the O2 % for a BVM?
100% (15L/min)
What is the best known symptom of a heart problem?
Chest pain
What is Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)?
Any symptom related to lack of oxygen in the heart muscle
What is a dysrhythmia?
any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heart
What is Coronary Artery Disease?
Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart
What is an occlusion?
Blockage of an artery by fatty deposit
What is an embolism?
Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site
Angina Pectoris
Chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen
, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
heart attack
Hemostatic Agents
Substances applied as powders, dressings, and gauze, or bandages to open
wounds to stop bleeding
Vertebrae
- Cervical (7, Neck)
- Thoracic (12, Chest)
- Lumbar (5, Lower back)
- Sacral (4, Btw hips)
- Coccyx (4, Tailbone)
Concussion
A bruise-like injury of the brain
Contusion
bruise
Laceration
A cut, tear
Hematoma
A solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues
Rebound Tenderness
Pain that increases when pressure (like from a hand) is removed
What is the minimum age allowed to get an accurate BP?
3 years old
What are the Nitroglycerin contraindications?
- Pt has a systolic blood pressure below 90 to 100
- Patient has taken an erectile dysfunction medication (like Viagra, Cialis,
WELL DETAILED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
What is the minimum weight necessary for EPI junior?
66 lbs
What is the diastolic BP?
The pressure during the RELAXATION and dilation of the ventricles of the
heart when the ventricles fill with blood
(O2 - poor blood returns to right atrium, then right ventricle)
What is the systolic BP?
During CONTRACTION, it pushes the blood out of the left ventricle and into
the large blood vessels of the circulatory system
What biological effect does Nitroglycerin have on the body?
- Vasodilator (Opens up the blood vessels to improve blood flow)
- Lowers BP
- Can take with antihistamine
What position to put a person who is experiencing chest pain and dyspnea
(labored breathing)?
In their comfort position
what is the chemical name of Aspirin?
acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
Signs of Shock?
- Pale, cool, clammy skin
- Hypotension (Low BP)
- Tachycardia (Increased Pulse)
- Tachypnea (Increased Breathing)
- N/V
,Where to check for capillary refill?
Fingers, toenails
What does a prolonged (> 2-3 sec) capillary refill suggest?
- Shock
- Heart failure
Where is the maxilla located?
Upper jaw
What is the respiratory rate of an Adult, child, infant?
A: 12-20
C: 15-30
I: 25-50
When doing artificial ventilation (Ex. during CPR) what is the rate for adults,
children, and infants?
- Adults: every 6 secs
- Child: every 3 secs
For what conditions is a CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) used?
CHF, COPD
What is COPD?
Various lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe
What is a Pulmonary Edema?
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs
What is the treatment for CHF?
High concentrated O2 by mask
(If patient is breathing inadequate then use artificial ventilation)
What is Pneumonia?
Inflammation of the lungs
,What is a pulmonary embolism?
Blood clot that broke off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of
the lung, causing an obstruction of blood flow
What is the O2 % of a nasal canula?
24 - 44%
(Increases by 4% from 24; 1-6L/min)
What is the O2 % of a Non-Rebreather Mask?
60 - 90%
(12 - 15L/min)
What is the O2 % for a BVM?
100% (15L/min)
What is the best known symptom of a heart problem?
Chest pain
What is Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)?
Any symptom related to lack of oxygen in the heart muscle
What is a dysrhythmia?
any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heart
What is Coronary Artery Disease?
Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart
What is an occlusion?
Blockage of an artery by fatty deposit
What is an embolism?
Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site
Angina Pectoris
Chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen
, Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
heart attack
Hemostatic Agents
Substances applied as powders, dressings, and gauze, or bandages to open
wounds to stop bleeding
Vertebrae
- Cervical (7, Neck)
- Thoracic (12, Chest)
- Lumbar (5, Lower back)
- Sacral (4, Btw hips)
- Coccyx (4, Tailbone)
Concussion
A bruise-like injury of the brain
Contusion
bruise
Laceration
A cut, tear
Hematoma
A solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues
Rebound Tenderness
Pain that increases when pressure (like from a hand) is removed
What is the minimum age allowed to get an accurate BP?
3 years old
What are the Nitroglycerin contraindications?
- Pt has a systolic blood pressure below 90 to 100
- Patient has taken an erectile dysfunction medication (like Viagra, Cialis,
