ONS ONCC Chemo Renewal Exam
Questions and Answers 2025/2026
(100% verified).
Neoadjuvant |therapy |does |not |increase |survival |when |compared |to |adjuvant |therapy. |It |only |
changes |the |timing |of |treatment |and |can |change |surgical |options |if |the |tumor |is |shrunk |
enough. |If |this |occurs, |the |patient |may |only |require |a |lumpectomy |plus |radiation |therapy |
instead |of |needing |a |mastectomy |- |ANSMain |benefit |of |neoadjuvant |chemotherapy |(breast |
cancer |patient)
A |comprehensive |geriatric |assessment |(CGA) |is |a |multidisciplinary |evaluation |to |assess |life |
expectancy |and |risk |of |morbidity |and |mortality |in |the |older |patient. |This |assessment |tool |
would |evaluate |and |include |the |following |areas: |functional |status, |socioeconomic |issues, |
psychosocial |distress, |comorbidities, |cognitive |function, |nutritional |status, |polypharmacy, |and |
a |medication |review |(NCCN |Older |Adult |Oncology |Guidelines, |version |1.2015). |- |ANSDue |to |
Mrs. |Turner's |age |and |comorbidities, |her |oncologist |performs |a |comprehensive |geriatric |
assessment. |You |know |that |this |assessment |covers |all |but |which |of |the |following:
65 |- |ANSThe |NCCN |Older |Adult |Oncology |Guidelines |(version |1.2015) |provides |information |on |
what |is |included |in |a |comprehensive |geriatric |assessment. |Currently, |more |than |60% |of |
cancers |in |the |United |States |occur |in |people |age |______and |older |and |as |the |oncology |world |
ages, |nearly |half |(46%) |of |cancer |survivors |are |70 |years |of |age |or |older
Two |of |the |agents |(docetaxel |and |carboplatin) |that |Mrs. |Turner |will |receive |are |categorized |as |
irritants. |Docetaxel |can |cause |a |significant |reaction |if |it |extravasates. |It |can |lead |to |edema, |
erythema, |occasional |pain |and |blister |formation |(ONS |Chemo/Bio |guidelines, |2014). |That |is |
the |most |likely |reason |that |Mrs. |Turner |was |given |a |port |for |her |treatments. |Some |patients |
will |receive |their |treatments |through |a |peripheral |IV |without |incident. |Just |because |they |are |
intravenous |agents |does |not |mean |that |a |port |is |required |and |needing |a |port |has |nothing |to |
,do |with |her |being |older |in |age. |Since |none |of |these |agents |are |vesicants, |they |likely |could |
have |been |given |safely |via |peripheral |route |but |having |a |port |placed |is |OK |as |well. |- |ANSWhat |
is |your |best |explanation |for |why |Mrs. |Turner |was |given |a |port |to |receive |her |chemotherapy?
Irrirtants |- |ANS_____________can |cause |inflammation, |pain, |and |burning |but |rarely |cause |
tissue |necrosis |comparable |to |a |vesicant |(unless |a |large |amount |or |a |very |high |concentration |
of |the |irritant |is |extravasated).
Vesicants |- |ANS_____________can |cause |blistering |and |significant |pain |and |tissue |damage |and
|destruction, |leading |to |tissue |death.
Non-DNA-binding |solutions |remain |in |the |local |area |of |the |extravasation, |which |improves |the |
possibility |of |drug |deactivation.
DNA-binding |agents |attach |to |DNA |nucleic |acids, |causing |the |antagonist |to |be |ingested |
cellularly, |leading |to |progressive |tissue |destruction |- |ANSA |further |classification |of |an |
antineoplastic |agent's |potential |to |cause |damage |is |whether |its |mechanism |of |action |includes |
DNA |binding.
Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin |- |ANSDNA |Binding |Irritants
Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
, Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine |- |ANSDNA |Nonbinding |vessicants
Sodium |thiosulfate
Inject |2 |ml |of |sodium |thiosulfate |for |each |milligram |of
mechlorethamine |extravasated.
Inject |subcutaneously |into |extravasation |site |using |a |25
gauge |or |smaller |needle |(change |needle |with |each |injection).
Monitor |extravasation |site |according |to |the |institution's
policies |and |procedures. |- |ANSExtravasciation |Alkylating |/ |Mechlorethamine |tx
Apply |warm |compresses. |
Dexamethasone
8 |mg |twice |daily
for |14 |days |- |ANSExtravasciation |Alkylating: |Oxaliplatin
Totect
Apply |ice |pack |(remove |15
minutes |prior |to |Totect
treatment).
Infusion |should |be |initiated |within |six |hours |of |extravasation.
Questions and Answers 2025/2026
(100% verified).
Neoadjuvant |therapy |does |not |increase |survival |when |compared |to |adjuvant |therapy. |It |only |
changes |the |timing |of |treatment |and |can |change |surgical |options |if |the |tumor |is |shrunk |
enough. |If |this |occurs, |the |patient |may |only |require |a |lumpectomy |plus |radiation |therapy |
instead |of |needing |a |mastectomy |- |ANSMain |benefit |of |neoadjuvant |chemotherapy |(breast |
cancer |patient)
A |comprehensive |geriatric |assessment |(CGA) |is |a |multidisciplinary |evaluation |to |assess |life |
expectancy |and |risk |of |morbidity |and |mortality |in |the |older |patient. |This |assessment |tool |
would |evaluate |and |include |the |following |areas: |functional |status, |socioeconomic |issues, |
psychosocial |distress, |comorbidities, |cognitive |function, |nutritional |status, |polypharmacy, |and |
a |medication |review |(NCCN |Older |Adult |Oncology |Guidelines, |version |1.2015). |- |ANSDue |to |
Mrs. |Turner's |age |and |comorbidities, |her |oncologist |performs |a |comprehensive |geriatric |
assessment. |You |know |that |this |assessment |covers |all |but |which |of |the |following:
65 |- |ANSThe |NCCN |Older |Adult |Oncology |Guidelines |(version |1.2015) |provides |information |on |
what |is |included |in |a |comprehensive |geriatric |assessment. |Currently, |more |than |60% |of |
cancers |in |the |United |States |occur |in |people |age |______and |older |and |as |the |oncology |world |
ages, |nearly |half |(46%) |of |cancer |survivors |are |70 |years |of |age |or |older
Two |of |the |agents |(docetaxel |and |carboplatin) |that |Mrs. |Turner |will |receive |are |categorized |as |
irritants. |Docetaxel |can |cause |a |significant |reaction |if |it |extravasates. |It |can |lead |to |edema, |
erythema, |occasional |pain |and |blister |formation |(ONS |Chemo/Bio |guidelines, |2014). |That |is |
the |most |likely |reason |that |Mrs. |Turner |was |given |a |port |for |her |treatments. |Some |patients |
will |receive |their |treatments |through |a |peripheral |IV |without |incident. |Just |because |they |are |
intravenous |agents |does |not |mean |that |a |port |is |required |and |needing |a |port |has |nothing |to |
,do |with |her |being |older |in |age. |Since |none |of |these |agents |are |vesicants, |they |likely |could |
have |been |given |safely |via |peripheral |route |but |having |a |port |placed |is |OK |as |well. |- |ANSWhat |
is |your |best |explanation |for |why |Mrs. |Turner |was |given |a |port |to |receive |her |chemotherapy?
Irrirtants |- |ANS_____________can |cause |inflammation, |pain, |and |burning |but |rarely |cause |
tissue |necrosis |comparable |to |a |vesicant |(unless |a |large |amount |or |a |very |high |concentration |
of |the |irritant |is |extravasated).
Vesicants |- |ANS_____________can |cause |blistering |and |significant |pain |and |tissue |damage |and
|destruction, |leading |to |tissue |death.
Non-DNA-binding |solutions |remain |in |the |local |area |of |the |extravasation, |which |improves |the |
possibility |of |drug |deactivation.
DNA-binding |agents |attach |to |DNA |nucleic |acids, |causing |the |antagonist |to |be |ingested |
cellularly, |leading |to |progressive |tissue |destruction |- |ANSA |further |classification |of |an |
antineoplastic |agent's |potential |to |cause |damage |is |whether |its |mechanism |of |action |includes |
DNA |binding.
Bendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin |- |ANSDNA |Binding |Irritants
Amsacrine
Paclitaxel
, Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine |- |ANSDNA |Nonbinding |vessicants
Sodium |thiosulfate
Inject |2 |ml |of |sodium |thiosulfate |for |each |milligram |of
mechlorethamine |extravasated.
Inject |subcutaneously |into |extravasation |site |using |a |25
gauge |or |smaller |needle |(change |needle |with |each |injection).
Monitor |extravasation |site |according |to |the |institution's
policies |and |procedures. |- |ANSExtravasciation |Alkylating |/ |Mechlorethamine |tx
Apply |warm |compresses. |
Dexamethasone
8 |mg |twice |daily
for |14 |days |- |ANSExtravasciation |Alkylating: |Oxaliplatin
Totect
Apply |ice |pack |(remove |15
minutes |prior |to |Totect
treatment).
Infusion |should |be |initiated |within |six |hours |of |extravasation.
