ATI MED SURG PROCTORED EXAM 2019 RETAKE WITH NGN Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) GRADED A UPDATED 2025

1. A nurse is assessing a client who is 12hr postoperative following a colon resection. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the surgeon? a. Heart rate 90/min b. Absent bowel sounds c. Hgb 8.2 g/dl d. Gastric pH of 3.0 Rationale: Normal Hgb is 13-18M g/dl, 12-16 g/dl. This may indicate a possible hemorrhaging. 2. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? a. Desmopressin b. Regular insulin c. Furosemide d. Lithium carbonate Rationale: Diabetes Insipidus has decreased ADH. Administer Desmopressin/Vasopressin increase ADH and to stop patient on urinating. 3. A nurse is admitting a client who has arthritic pain and reports taking ibuprofen several times daily for 3 years. Which of the following test should the nurse monitor? a. Fasting blood glucose b. Stool for occult blood - GI bleed c. Urine for white blood cells d. Serum calcium Rationale: ATI Pharm 16. Pg. 485 Ibuprofen (NSAIDs) monitor for GI bleed (bloody, tarry stools, abdominal pain) 4. A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first (Click on the “Exhibit” button for additional information about the client. There are three tabs that contain separate categories of data.) a. Obtain a sputum sample for culture b. Prepare the client for a chest x-ray c. Initiate airborne precautions d. Administer ondansetron. lOMoAR cPSD| Rationale: No idea what the Exhibit is all about; won’t be able to answer it. 5. A nurse is contacting the provider for a client who has cancer and is experiencing breakthrough pain. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? a. Transmucosal fentanyl b. Intramuscular meperidine lOMoAR cPSD| c. Oral acetaminophen d. Intravenous dexamethasone Rationale: ATI pg. 27 Morphine sulfate and fentanyl are opioid agents used to treat moderate to severe pain. A short-acting pain medication is administered for breakthrough pain. 6. A nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pain and has been placed on a telemetry monitor. Which of the following should the nurse analyze to determine whether the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction? a. PR interval b. QRS duration c. T wave d. ST segment Rationale: ST elevation indicates MI. ST depression indicates ischemia 7. A nurse is teaching a client who has ovarian cancer about skin care following radiation treatment. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Pat the skin on the radiation site to dry it b. Apply OTC moisturizer to the radiation site c. Cover the radiation site loosely with a gauze wrap before dressing d. Use a soft washcloth to clean the area around the radiation site Rationale: pg. 584. Dry the area thoroughly using patting motions. 8. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse observes that the client has bounding peripheral pulses, hypertension, and distended jugular veins. The nurse should anticipate administering which of the following prescribed medications? a. Diphenhydramine b. Acetaminophen c. Pantoprazole d. Furosemide Rationale: S/S may indicate fluid retention or heart failure. It is important to administer diuretics to prevent cardiovascular/respiratory distress. 9. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV for the treatment of hypomagnesemia. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication? a. Lungs clear lOMoAR cPSD| b. Apical pulse 82/min c. Hyperactive bowel sounds d. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg Rationale: pg. 278 Confirmed on answer sheet lOMoAR cPSD| 10. A nurse is reviewing a client’s ABG results pH 7.42, PaC02 30 mm Hg, and HCO3 21 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize these findings as indication of which of the following conditions? a. Metabolic acidosis b. Metabolic alkalosis c. Compensated respiratory alkalosis d. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis Rationale: because the HCO3 21 trying to compensate for respiratory alkalosis. 11. A nurse is caring for a client who has a deep partial thickness burns over 15% of her body which of the following labs should the nurse expect during the first 24 hours a. Decreased BUN b. Hypoglycemia c. Hypoalbuminemia (Low due to fluid loss) d. Decreased Hematocrit Rationale: Pg. 481 ATI. Total protein and albumin- low due to fluid loss. 12. A nurse is caring for a client who has dumping syndrome following a gastrectomy, which of the following actions should the nurse takes? a. Offer the client high carbohydrate meal options b. Provide the client with four full meals a day c. Encourage the client to drink at least 360 ml of fluids with meals d. Have the client lie down for 30 minutes after meals (Lying down after a meal slows the movement of food within the intestines) Rationale: ATI pg. 318 Dumping syndromes is a term that refers to a constellation of vasomotor symptoms that occurs after eating, especially following a Bill Roth II procedure. Early manifestations usually occur within 30 minutes of eating and include vertigo, tachycardia, syncope, sweating, pallor, palpitations, and the desire to lie down. The nurse should instruct the client to decrease the amount of fluid taken at meals and to avoid high carbohydrate foods, including fluids such as fruit nectars; to assume a low-Fowler's position during meals; to lie down for 30 minutes after eating to delay gastric emptying; and to take antispasmodics as prescribed. 13. A nurse is teaching a group of young adult clients about risk factors for hearing loss. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Born with a high weight b. Chronic infections of the middle ear c. Use a loop diuretic such as furosemide and antibiotics like aminoglycoside and gentamicin lOMoAR cPSD| d. Perforation of the ear drum e. Frequent exposure to low volume noise Rationale: Peds ATI pg. 77 Exposure to loud environmental sounds. Hearing defects can be caused by a variety of conditions, including anatomic malformation, maternal ingestion of toxic substances during pregnancy, perinatal asphyxia, perinatal infection, chronic ear infection, and ototoxic medications. 14. A nurse is preparing to administer fresh frozen plasma to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer the plasma immediately after thawing lOMoAR cPSD| b. Transfuse the plasma over 4 hour c. Hold the transfusion if the client is actively bleeding d. Administer the transfusion through a 24-gauge saline lock 15. A nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness and tingling of his toes and exhibits a positive trousseau. Which of the following electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect? a. Hyponatremia b. Hyperchloremia c. Hypermagnesemia d. Hypocalcemia 16. A home health nurse is teaching a client how to care for a peripherally central catheter in his right arm. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Change the transparent dressing over the insertion site every 48 hours - transparent dressing can be up to 7 days b. Clean the insertion site with mild soap and water c. Measure your right arm circumference once weekly d. Use a 10milliliter syringe when flushing the catheter 17. A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous access device. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. RBC count of 4.7 million/mm b. BUN 22-mg/ dl c. WBC count of 16,000/ mm d. Blood glucose of 120 mg/dl 18. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has chronic kidney disease and a decreased glomerular filtration rate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. I will spread my protein allowances over the entire day b. I should increase my intake of canned salmon to three times per week c. I will season my food with lemon pepper rather than salt d. I should limit my intake of hard cheese to 3 ounces each day lOMoAR cPSD| 19. A nurse is caring for a client who has a peripherally inserted central catheter. The client is receiving an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer 20 ml of 0.9 sodium chloride after each dose of medication b. Flush the catheter using a 5 ml syringe c. Verify the placement with an x-ray prior to the initial dose d. Change the transparent membranes dressing daily 20. A nurse is teaching a client using a metered dose rescue inhaler. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Do not shake your inhaler before use. b. Exhale fully before bringing the inhaler to your lips c. Depress the canister after you inhale d. Use peroxide to clean the mouthpiece if your inhaler 21. A nurse is assessing the pain status of a group of clients. Which of the following findings indicate a client is experiencing referred pain? a. A client who has angina reports substernal chest pain b. A client who has pancreatitis reports pain in the left shoulder c. A client who is postoperative reports incisional pain d. A client who has peritonitis reports generalized abdominal pain 22. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from surgery with an external fixator to the left tibia. Which of the following assessments findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse? a. The client reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 -10 at the operative site. b. The client’s capillary refill in the left toe is 6 c. The client has an oral temperature of 38.3 (100.9 F) d. The client has 100 ml of blood in the closed suction drained. lOMoAR cPSD| 23. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute pancreatitis and has been receiving total parenteral nutrition for the past 72 hours. Which of the following findings requires the nurse to intervene? a. Right upper quadrant pain b. Capillary blood glucose level of 164 mg/dl c. WBC counts 13,000/mm3 d. Crackle in bilateral lower lobes 24. A nurse is caring for a client who has hypotension, cool and clammy skin, tachycardia, and tachypnea. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client? a. Reverse Trendelenburg b. Side Lying c. High Fowlers d. Feet elevated 25. A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking rifampin. The client reports that her saliva has turned red-orange in color. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. “This finding may indicate possible medication toxicity” b. “Your provider will prescribe a different medication regimen” c. “This is an expected adverse effect of this medication.” d. “You will need to increase your fluid intake to resolve this problem” 26. A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed RBCs for a client who is receiving a continuous IV infusion of 5% dextrose in water. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer the unit through secondary IV tubing b. Verify the blood product with assistive personnel c. Begin an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride d. Insert another 22-gauge IV catheter 27. A nurse is planning care for a client who is 12 hr. postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?