Cellular Respiration Questions and Answers Latest Update Graded A+

Cellular Respiration Questions and Answers Latest Update Graded A+ What is the main purpose of cellular respiration? The main purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. What happens to glucose during glycolysis? Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate during glycolysis. How many ATP are used during glycolysis? Two ATP molecules are used in the early steps of glycolysis to activate glucose. How many ATP are produced by glycolysis? Glycolysis produces four ATP, with a net gain of two ATP. What high-energy molecules are produced in the citric acid cycle? The citric acid cycle produces NADH, FADH2, and a small amount of ATP. 2 Where are protons pumped in the electron transport chain? Protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. What is the fate of the hydrogen ions after they pass through ATP synthase? They return to the mitochondrial matrix and help drive the production of ATP. What is one function of oxygen in the mitochondria? Oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain to form water. What is the role of cytochrome c in respiration? Cytochrome c is a protein that transfers electrons between complexes in the electron transport chain. What type of phosphorylation occurs in the electron transport chain? Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the electron transport chain. What is the difference between NADH and FADH2? 3 NADH donates electrons at the beginning of the electron transport chain, while FADH2 donates electrons later in the chain. How is lactic acid removed from muscles? Lactic acid is carried by the blood to the liver where it can be converted back to glucose. What causes muscle soreness after intense exercise? Microtears and inflammation, not lactic acid buildup, are the main cause of muscle soreness. Why is anaerobic respiration useful in some cells? Anaerobic respiration provides ATP quickly when oxygen is not available. What happens if cells cannot regenerate NAD+? If NAD+ is not regenerated, glycolysis and energy production will stop. How does cellular respiration relate to metabolism? Cellular respiration is a key part of metabolism, breaking down molecules to release energy. 4 Why do cells not store large amounts of ATP? ATP is unstable and quickly used, so cells continuously produce it as needed. How can a cell increase ATP production without oxygen? A cell can increase ATP by speeding up glycolysis and using fermentation to regenerate NAD+. What happens when ATP levels are