Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Questions and Answers Latest Version 100% Pass

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Questions and Answers Latest Version 100% Pass Where does photosynthesis take place in plant cells? Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, primarily in the thylakoid membranes. How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related? Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are complementary processes; the products of photosynthesis (glucose and oxygen) are the reactants of cellular respiration, and vice versa. What is the primary function of photosynthesis? The primary function of photosynthesis is to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, which plants use for growth and energy. What are the two main stages of photosynthesis? The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the light- independent reactions (also called the Calvin cycle). 2 How do plants obtain the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis? Plants obtain carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through small openings in their leaves called stomata. What is the role of water in photosynthesis? Water is used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to produce oxygen, protons, and electrons, which are essential for the production of ATP and NADPH. How does ATP function in photosynthesis and cellular respiration? In both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, ATP serves as the primary energy carrier, storing and transferring energy for various biochemical reactions. What is the role of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis? The electron transport chain in photosynthesis is responsible for transferring electrons from water to NADP+, forming NADPH, and generating a proton gradient for ATP synthesis. How does the process of glycolysis contribute to cellular respiration? Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH, which are essential for further energy production in cellular respiration. 3 What is the final product of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration? The citric acid cycle produces ATP, NADH, FADH2, and carbon dioxide as it breaks down acetyl-CoA derived from glucose. Where does the electron transport chain occur in eukaryotic cells? In eukaryotic cells, the electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, combining with electrons and protons to form water. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? The light-dependent reactions produce ATP, NADPH, and oxygen as a byproduct. What happens during the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis? During the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is fixed into organic molecules, which are then used to produce glucose using the ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions. 4 How does the proton gradient contribute to ATP production in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration? In both processes, the proton gradient generated by the electron transport chain drives ATP synthase to produce ATP as protons flow back into the matrix or stroma. What happens if a plant does not receive enough sunlight for photosynthesis? If a plant does not receive enough sunlight, photosynthesis will be less efficient, leading to lower glucose production and less energy for growth. What is fermentation, and how does it relate