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Apuntes CARDIOLOGÍA (OPOSALUD)

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Apuntes detallados, redactados siguiendo el manual y las clases online de la academia OPOSALUD, para OPOSICIONES y EIR de ENFERMERÍA. Incluyendo anotaciones de profesores y DESTACANDO lo MÁS PREGUNTABLE DE CADA TEMA

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Apuntes

,Derecha: sangre sin O2 + Izquierda: sangre con




I
arteria pulmonar O2 + venas pulmonares Auriculoventriculares DIÁSTOLE
Tricúspide (3v)
Válvulas Mitral (2v)


Aurículas Ventrículos Arteriales =D SÍSTOLE
Pulmonar (3v)
Aórtica (3v)



Coronaria derecha
Nace de aorta ascendente Descendente anterior
Coronaria izquierda CX (circunfleja)

Simpático → dilata arterias, vasoconstriccion periférica
Inervación arterias: SNA
Parasimpático → constriñe arterias, vasodilatación periférica

Sístole= despolarización → salida K+ y entrada Na+
Diástole= REpolarización (REposo) → entrada K+ y salida Na+




Cierre válvulas AV → inicio sístole ventricular
Cierre válvulas arteriales → inicio diástole ventricular

, ⭐
Gasto cardíaco = volumen sistólico X frecuencia cardíaca→ 5L/min
Volumen sistólico = cantidad de sangre bombeada en cada latido
Tele sistólico / diastólico = sangre que queda en el ventrículo al final de [x].
Fracción eyección = cantidad de sangre que sale r/c la que tiene → 50 -60% -




1 !
Diástole Sístole
Venas (todo lo que entra) Arterias
Precarga Ley Frank Starling Poscarga Ley laplace
Gasto C. → retorno venoso Resistencia vascular
Volemia TA




Cardiopatía isquémica
Placa ateroma
Placa EStable = angina ESTABLE, de ESfuerzo→ provocada por ejercicio

'. Angina INESTABLE → ocurre en reposo, espasmos (MINOCA) SILENTE en
ancianos, DM,
Placa inestable mujeres
SCASEST: afecta a endocardio (1ª capa)
SCA/IAM
SCACEST: capas hasta epicardio

Evaluación riesgo coronario
Score 2 (<70años)→ sexo, colesterol, tabaco, PAS, edad
Score
Prevención primaria Score-OP (>70 años) → riesgo en 5-10 años

Ecuación FRAMINGHAM (35 -74 años )→ factores Score 2 + DM

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Uploaded on
April 30, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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Oposalud
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soy literalmente la de los subrayadores pastel. una alumna demasiado aplicada que hace apuntes hasta de la carta de los restaurantes :P opositora, enfermera e intento de cantante

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