BIOL 235 Midterm 2 Questions with Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already Graded A+

between the origin and insertion which is usually located proximally in limbs ? Origin What happens during REVERSE MUSCLE ACTION? ©, 2025 All rights reserved® specific movements of the body the actions are reversed THEREFOR Exampromax - Stuvia US the positions of the origin and insertion of a muscle are switched What is a mechanical advantage using the example of a lever? if the load is closer to the fulcrum and the effort is farther from the fulcrum only a small about of effort is needed to move the load Bones serve as levers and joints serve as ________ for the lever fulcrum Agonist (Prime Movers) _________ muscles while antagonist ____________ muscles contract, relax What are muscles that contract and stabilize the intermediate joints called? synergists What is a group of skeletal muscles, their blood vessels, and nerves called? 2 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026 Compartment Origin an insertion of the masseter Origin = maxilla and zygomatic arch Insertion = angle and ramus of the mandible What is the origin of the deltoid ? acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula ©, 2025 All rights reserved® What are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring ? Exampromax - Stuvia US semimebranosous, semitendinosus, biceps femoris What 4 muscles make up the Quads ? rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis What do you call a small mass of nervous tissue that is made up primarily of neuron cell bodies? Ganglia The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to ________ muscles skeletal Fight or Flight is associated with which division of the autonomic nervous system? Sympathetic 3 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026 What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into an action potential? electrical excitability What type of neurons usually have several dendrite and on axon , and are norm ally found in brain and spinal cord as well as motor neurons? Multipolar ©, 2025 All rights reserved® What type of neurons have one main dendrite and one axon as well as are primarily found in the retina of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory area of brain? Exampromax - Stuvia US Bipolar What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon that are fused together to form a continuous process that emerges from the cell body? Unipolar or Pseudounipolar The processes of ________ make contact with blood capillaries, neurons, and the pia mater astrocytes What neuroglia has these functions? 1. contain microfilaments that give them strength and allow them to support neurons 2. contributes to the effectiveness of BBB embyro, they secret chemicals that regulate things 4. help maintain an appropriate chemical environment for nerve impulse generation 5. play a role in hearing and memory 4 Exampromax - Stuvia US 2025/2026 Astrocytes What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller and contain fewer processes as well as are responsible fro forming nd maintiang myelin sheath? Oligodendrocytes What neuroglia are small cells with slender processes that give them a spine like projections as well as act as phagocytes? ©, 2025 All rights reserved® Microglial Cells Exampromax - Stuvia US What type of neurglia cells are cuboidal and columanr arranged in a single layer that possess microvilli and cilia? they produce and possibly monitor and assist in the circulation of CSF Ependymal Cells What are the 2 types of neuroglia in the PNS? Schwann and satellite cells What type of motor neuron directly supplies skeletal muscle fibers? lower motor neur