NR293 exam 1 (Pharmacology) Questions
With Complete Solutions
Rapid acting insulin
What type of insulin?
- aspart (NovoLog)
- lispro (Humalog)
- glulisine (Apidra)
Onset: 15 minutes
Peak: 1-2 hours
Duration: 3-5 hours
Nursing implications:
- make sure food is in front of the patient, and they
eat that food immediately after getting the
injection of insulin
- can be deadly
Short acting (regular) insulin
What type of insulin?
- Humulin R
- Novolin R
Onset: 30-60 minutes
,Peak: 2.5 hours
Duration: 6-10 hours
Nursing implications:
- only insulin that can be given by IV or IM, along
with subQ
- food should be on the way when giving the insulin
injection
- used in patient's who require more than 200 units
of insulin per day
Intermediate acting (NPH) insulin
What type of insulin?
- Neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (this is the
only available intermediate acting insulin; it is a
mixture of two insulins.. a little bit of long term and
a little bit of rapid)
Onset: 1-2 hours
Peak: 4-8 hours
Duration: 10-12 hours
Nursing implications:
- inject insulin before breakfast
- patient may need a snack because peak is at an
off hours
Long acting insulin
,What type of insulin?
- insulin glargine (Lantus)
- insulin detemir (Levemir)
- insulin degludec (Tresiba)
Onset: 1-2 hours
Peak: none
Duration: 24 hours
Nursing implications:
- small amounts of insulin is released throughout
the day aka basal dosing
- need to give extra insulin to cover meals
- only given every 24 hours, possibly twice a day
Make sure they are eating so hypoglycemia is
prevented
What do you want to make sure a patient is doing
when they hit their peak time on insulin?
- make sure you have two vials; one should be
clear (fast acting) and the other should be cloudy
(long acting)
- inject air into cloudy first, then inject air into clear
- draw back clear insulin, then draw back cloudy
insulin
How do we mix insulin?
, Hemoglobin A1c because it gives us a 3 month
view of the client's blood sugars
What indicates a client's adherence to diabetic
treatments?
104 = still need insulin
66 = hold insulin
If a client is about to eat their food and their blood
sugar is 104, should you administer insulin? What if
their blood sugar was 66?
No. Skipped meal = skipped dose. If they are
planning on eating lunch, repaglinide (Prandin)
should be administered 30 minutes or less before
the food comes.
Should you give a patient repaglinide (Prandin) if
they are planning on skipping lunch?
Regular/short acting insulin
What is the only insulin that can be given IV?
They are used as replacement drugs for hormone
deficiency
What are pituitary drugs used for?
posterior pituitary gland
What lobe of the pituitary gland secretes
vasopressin (Pitressin)?
Vasopressin (Pitressin)
With Complete Solutions
Rapid acting insulin
What type of insulin?
- aspart (NovoLog)
- lispro (Humalog)
- glulisine (Apidra)
Onset: 15 minutes
Peak: 1-2 hours
Duration: 3-5 hours
Nursing implications:
- make sure food is in front of the patient, and they
eat that food immediately after getting the
injection of insulin
- can be deadly
Short acting (regular) insulin
What type of insulin?
- Humulin R
- Novolin R
Onset: 30-60 minutes
,Peak: 2.5 hours
Duration: 6-10 hours
Nursing implications:
- only insulin that can be given by IV or IM, along
with subQ
- food should be on the way when giving the insulin
injection
- used in patient's who require more than 200 units
of insulin per day
Intermediate acting (NPH) insulin
What type of insulin?
- Neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (this is the
only available intermediate acting insulin; it is a
mixture of two insulins.. a little bit of long term and
a little bit of rapid)
Onset: 1-2 hours
Peak: 4-8 hours
Duration: 10-12 hours
Nursing implications:
- inject insulin before breakfast
- patient may need a snack because peak is at an
off hours
Long acting insulin
,What type of insulin?
- insulin glargine (Lantus)
- insulin detemir (Levemir)
- insulin degludec (Tresiba)
Onset: 1-2 hours
Peak: none
Duration: 24 hours
Nursing implications:
- small amounts of insulin is released throughout
the day aka basal dosing
- need to give extra insulin to cover meals
- only given every 24 hours, possibly twice a day
Make sure they are eating so hypoglycemia is
prevented
What do you want to make sure a patient is doing
when they hit their peak time on insulin?
- make sure you have two vials; one should be
clear (fast acting) and the other should be cloudy
(long acting)
- inject air into cloudy first, then inject air into clear
- draw back clear insulin, then draw back cloudy
insulin
How do we mix insulin?
, Hemoglobin A1c because it gives us a 3 month
view of the client's blood sugars
What indicates a client's adherence to diabetic
treatments?
104 = still need insulin
66 = hold insulin
If a client is about to eat their food and their blood
sugar is 104, should you administer insulin? What if
their blood sugar was 66?
No. Skipped meal = skipped dose. If they are
planning on eating lunch, repaglinide (Prandin)
should be administered 30 minutes or less before
the food comes.
Should you give a patient repaglinide (Prandin) if
they are planning on skipping lunch?
Regular/short acting insulin
What is the only insulin that can be given IV?
They are used as replacement drugs for hormone
deficiency
What are pituitary drugs used for?
posterior pituitary gland
What lobe of the pituitary gland secretes
vasopressin (Pitressin)?
Vasopressin (Pitressin)
