TEST BANK
Cellular and Molecular Immunology
Abul Abbas, Andrew Lichtman, and Shiv Pillai
10th Edition
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Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
a. Defense against cancer
b. Repair of injured tissues
c. Defense against microbial infections
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases
e. Protection against environmental toxins
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
“immunosurveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are
needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a
primary function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally
does not offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was
against smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980,
smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective
vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th
century and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
b. Self-nonself discrimination
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
d. Protection against viral infections
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
same microbe
ANS: A
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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Ap
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tu
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,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B
lymphocytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system.
Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-associated and soluble receptors
to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-nonself discrimination, and protect
against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same microbe, the adaptive immune response
becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is the manifestation of memory.
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive
b. Passive and active
c. Specific and nonspecific
d. Humoral and cell-mediated
e. Adult and neonatal
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocytes
produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immune
responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of
intracellular pathogens in cell-mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be
mediated by either B or T lymphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive
immunity. Both B and T lymphocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still
developing in the neonatal period.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
WWW.TBSM.WS
b. Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes,
which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells.
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
a. Natural killer cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes
e. Helper T lymphocytes
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody-mediated immune responses, and all antibodies
are made by B lymphocytes and no other cell type.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
@
Ap
PlusBay.Plus
lu
ss
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, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 02: Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the generative (primary) lymphoid organ for T lymphocytes?
a. Bone marrow
b. Spleen
c. Lymph node
d. Thymus
e. Tonsil
ANS: D
Generative (primary) lymphoid organs are the organs where lymphocytes first express
antigen receptors and attain functional maturity. Although T cell precursors arise in the bone
marrow, these precursors migrate to the thymus, where maturation takes place. In contrast,
B cells mature in the bone marrow. Spleen, lymph node, and tonsil are secondary lymphoid
organs populated by mature B and T cells.
2. Which of the following statements about tissue-resident macrophages is correct?
a. They are all derived from blood monocytes that enter tissues during infections
b. Many of these cells first populate tissues during fetal development
c. They differentiate from different kinds of epithelial cells in each tissue
d. They constantly recirculate between different tissues
e. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells that
migrate into tissues WWW.TBSM.WS
ANS: B
Many tissue-resident macrophages are derived from fetal yolk sac and fetal liver precursors
and establish residence in the different tissues during fetal development. Other tissue-
resident macrophages are derived from bone marrow–derived blood monocytes that enter
tissues under normal conditions or during infections. Epithelial cells do not differentiate into
macrophages. Once in the tissue, tissue-resident macrophages cells do not leave to
recirculate. Naive T cells do not usually enter non-lymphoid tissues, and tissue-resident
macrophages have no role in presenting antigen to naive T cells.
3. Which type of leukocyte is the most abundant in the blood of a healthy adult?
a. Monocytes
b. B lymphocytes
c. T lymphocytes
d. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
e. Basophils
ANS: D
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or neutrophils) are the most abundant blood leukocyte (~
4,000/mm3), about twice the number of B and T lymphocytes combined.
4. Which of the following is a feature of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs)?
a. They line the lumens of lymphatics entering lymph nodes
______________________________________________________________________________________________
@
Ap
PlusBay.Plus
lu
ss
tu
vi
a
Cellular and Molecular Immunology
Abul Abbas, Andrew Lichtman, and Shiv Pillai
10th Edition
@
Ap
PlusBay.Plus
lu
ss
tu
vi
a
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
a. Defense against cancer
b. Repair of injured tissues
c. Defense against microbial infections
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases
e. Protection against environmental toxins
ANS: C
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
“immunosurveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are
needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a
primary function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally
does not offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was
against smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980,
smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective
vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th
century and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
b. Self-nonself discrimination
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
d. Protection against viral infections
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
same microbe
ANS: A
______________________________________________________________________________________________
@
Ap
PlusBay.Plus
lu
ss
tu
vi
a
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B
lymphocytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system.
Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-associated and soluble receptors
to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-nonself discrimination, and protect
against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same microbe, the adaptive immune response
becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is the manifestation of memory.
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive
b. Passive and active
c. Specific and nonspecific
d. Humoral and cell-mediated
e. Adult and neonatal
ANS: D
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocytes
produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immune
responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of
intracellular pathogens in cell-mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be
mediated by either B or T lymphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive
immunity. Both B and T lymphocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still
developing in the neonatal period.
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
WWW.TBSM.WS
b. Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
ANS: A
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes,
which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells.
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
a. Natural killer cells
b. Dendritic cells
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes
e. Helper T lymphocytes
ANS: D
Humoral immune responses are antibody-mediated immune responses, and all antibodies
are made by B lymphocytes and no other cell type.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
@
Ap
PlusBay.Plus
lu
ss
tu
vi
a
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 02: Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the generative (primary) lymphoid organ for T lymphocytes?
a. Bone marrow
b. Spleen
c. Lymph node
d. Thymus
e. Tonsil
ANS: D
Generative (primary) lymphoid organs are the organs where lymphocytes first express
antigen receptors and attain functional maturity. Although T cell precursors arise in the bone
marrow, these precursors migrate to the thymus, where maturation takes place. In contrast,
B cells mature in the bone marrow. Spleen, lymph node, and tonsil are secondary lymphoid
organs populated by mature B and T cells.
2. Which of the following statements about tissue-resident macrophages is correct?
a. They are all derived from blood monocytes that enter tissues during infections
b. Many of these cells first populate tissues during fetal development
c. They differentiate from different kinds of epithelial cells in each tissue
d. They constantly recirculate between different tissues
e. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that activate naive T cells that
migrate into tissues WWW.TBSM.WS
ANS: B
Many tissue-resident macrophages are derived from fetal yolk sac and fetal liver precursors
and establish residence in the different tissues during fetal development. Other tissue-
resident macrophages are derived from bone marrow–derived blood monocytes that enter
tissues under normal conditions or during infections. Epithelial cells do not differentiate into
macrophages. Once in the tissue, tissue-resident macrophages cells do not leave to
recirculate. Naive T cells do not usually enter non-lymphoid tissues, and tissue-resident
macrophages have no role in presenting antigen to naive T cells.
3. Which type of leukocyte is the most abundant in the blood of a healthy adult?
a. Monocytes
b. B lymphocytes
c. T lymphocytes
d. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
e. Basophils
ANS: D
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or neutrophils) are the most abundant blood leukocyte (~
4,000/mm3), about twice the number of B and T lymphocytes combined.
4. Which of the following is a feature of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs)?
a. They line the lumens of lymphatics entering lymph nodes
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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