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Rutgers General Biology 116 Final Practice
Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Place the following steps of the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophage replication in the CORRECT
order.
I. Viral genome enters host cell
II. Host cell replicates genome with prophage
III. Virus attaches to host cell
IV. Integration into host chromosome - ANS III > I > IV > II
A recent study has provided evidence that two types of horse herpes viruses have an unusually
broad host range. This fact supports which of the following statements:
a. The lytic cycle occurs in horses while the lysogenic cycle occurs only in other species.
b. Horses, rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.
c. The virus is transmitted from one host to another by mosquitos.
d. In an individual horse, many different types of cells will be infected.
e. In a population of horses, many of the individuals will become infected. - ANS b. Horses,
rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.
Some viruses have an envelope which is a structure derived from the hosts's:
1
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a. ribosomes
b. nucleus
c. plasma membrane
d. DNA
e. cell wall - ANS c. plasma membrane
Which of the following CORRECTLY pairs the component of a virus with its function?
a. genome - lyse host cell
b. capsid - translate viral genome
c. capsomere - express viral genes
d. genome - express host genes
e. capsomere - bind with host cell - ANS e. capsomere - bind with host cell
Which of the following correctly describes photoheterotrophs?
a. use light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon
b. use light to make ATP and fix carbon
c. use light to fix carbon abd break down those compounds to make ATP
d. use energy from inorganic compounds to fix carbon
e. use energy from inorganic compounds to make ATP but cannot fix carbon - ANS a. use
light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon
Which of the following indicates that the flagellum is an analogous structure in the three
domains?
a. flagella are found in all three domains
b. bacterial and archaean flagella are comprised of different proteins
2
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
c. flagella are only found in some protists
d. the common ancestor of all the domains posses flagella
e. bacteria and archaea have similar flagellar structures - ANS b. bacterial and archaean
flagella are comprised of different proteins
Which of the following is a process of genetic recombination that involves the uptake of foreign
DNA from a prokaryotic cell's surroundings?
a. transformation
b. conjugation
c. mutation
d. transduction
e. transcription - ANS a. transformation
Mitochondria are most closely related to which extant group of bacteria?
a. alpha proteobacteria
b. spirochetes
c. cyanobacteria
d. gram-positive bacteria
e. chlamydias - ANS a. alpha proteobacteria
You have isolated a new species of bacteria that grows rapidly if provided with glucose and
oxygen and more slowly without oxygen. If provided with inorganic carbon instead of glucose, it
cannot grow at all. Which of the following best describes this species?
a. Heterotrophic obligate anaerobe
b. Autotrophic obligate aerobe
3
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
c. Heterotrophic obligate aerobe
d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe
e. Autotrophic facultative anaerobe - ANS d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe
Which of the following cell structures are found in BOTH prokaryotes AND eukaryotes?
I. cell wall
II. nucleoid
III. ribosomes
IV. flagellum
V. golgi apparatus - ANS I, III, and IV (cell wall, ribosomes, and flagellum)
Which of the following describe transformation, transduction, AND conjugation?
I. occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
II. involves a phage
III. leads to genetic recombination
IV. increases the rate of mutation
V. leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes - ANS III and V (leads to genetic recombination
and leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes)
Which of the following are TRUE regarding domains bacteria and archaea?
I. only bacteria have peptidoglycan cell walls
II. archaea are more often associated with extreme environments
III. bacteria must be aerobic, archaea can be aerobic or anaerobic
4
Rutgers General Biology 116 Final Practice
Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Place the following steps of the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophage replication in the CORRECT
order.
I. Viral genome enters host cell
II. Host cell replicates genome with prophage
III. Virus attaches to host cell
IV. Integration into host chromosome - ANS III > I > IV > II
A recent study has provided evidence that two types of horse herpes viruses have an unusually
broad host range. This fact supports which of the following statements:
a. The lytic cycle occurs in horses while the lysogenic cycle occurs only in other species.
b. Horses, rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.
c. The virus is transmitted from one host to another by mosquitos.
d. In an individual horse, many different types of cells will be infected.
e. In a population of horses, many of the individuals will become infected. - ANS b. Horses,
rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.
Some viruses have an envelope which is a structure derived from the hosts's:
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
a. ribosomes
b. nucleus
c. plasma membrane
d. DNA
e. cell wall - ANS c. plasma membrane
Which of the following CORRECTLY pairs the component of a virus with its function?
a. genome - lyse host cell
b. capsid - translate viral genome
c. capsomere - express viral genes
d. genome - express host genes
e. capsomere - bind with host cell - ANS e. capsomere - bind with host cell
Which of the following correctly describes photoheterotrophs?
a. use light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon
b. use light to make ATP and fix carbon
c. use light to fix carbon abd break down those compounds to make ATP
d. use energy from inorganic compounds to fix carbon
e. use energy from inorganic compounds to make ATP but cannot fix carbon - ANS a. use
light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon
Which of the following indicates that the flagellum is an analogous structure in the three
domains?
a. flagella are found in all three domains
b. bacterial and archaean flagella are comprised of different proteins
2
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
c. flagella are only found in some protists
d. the common ancestor of all the domains posses flagella
e. bacteria and archaea have similar flagellar structures - ANS b. bacterial and archaean
flagella are comprised of different proteins
Which of the following is a process of genetic recombination that involves the uptake of foreign
DNA from a prokaryotic cell's surroundings?
a. transformation
b. conjugation
c. mutation
d. transduction
e. transcription - ANS a. transformation
Mitochondria are most closely related to which extant group of bacteria?
a. alpha proteobacteria
b. spirochetes
c. cyanobacteria
d. gram-positive bacteria
e. chlamydias - ANS a. alpha proteobacteria
You have isolated a new species of bacteria that grows rapidly if provided with glucose and
oxygen and more slowly without oxygen. If provided with inorganic carbon instead of glucose, it
cannot grow at all. Which of the following best describes this species?
a. Heterotrophic obligate anaerobe
b. Autotrophic obligate aerobe
3
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
c. Heterotrophic obligate aerobe
d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe
e. Autotrophic facultative anaerobe - ANS d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe
Which of the following cell structures are found in BOTH prokaryotes AND eukaryotes?
I. cell wall
II. nucleoid
III. ribosomes
IV. flagellum
V. golgi apparatus - ANS I, III, and IV (cell wall, ribosomes, and flagellum)
Which of the following describe transformation, transduction, AND conjugation?
I. occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
II. involves a phage
III. leads to genetic recombination
IV. increases the rate of mutation
V. leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes - ANS III and V (leads to genetic recombination
and leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes)
Which of the following are TRUE regarding domains bacteria and archaea?
I. only bacteria have peptidoglycan cell walls
II. archaea are more often associated with extreme environments
III. bacteria must be aerobic, archaea can be aerobic or anaerobic
4
