Adult Echocardiography Review Questions
Correct Answers
The PLAX view allows ID of all of the following wall segments EXCEPT:
A. Basal and mid-interventricular septum
B. Basal and mid-posterior wall of the LV
C. Infero-lateral wall of the LV
D. LV apex -Answer- D
Wall segments that are visualized in the PSAX view of LV at papillary muscle level
include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior septum
B. Anterior wall
C. Antero-inferior wall
D. Antero-lateral wall -Answer- C
LV wall segments that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of the
following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior wall of LV
B. Apex
C. Interventricular septumza
D. Lateral wall of LV -Answer- A
Wall segments and structures that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of
the following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior wall of the LV
B. Coronary sinus
C. Free wall if the RV
D. Inferior wall of the LV -Answer- C
The boundaries of the functional LVOT are best described as extending from:
A. Anterior AoV annulus to the posterior AoV annulus
B. Anteromedial position of the TV annulus to the PV annulus
C. Free edge of the AMVL to the AoV annulus
D. Tips of the LV papillary muscles to the edge of the AMVL -Answer- C
Landmarks used to ID the anatomic and functional RVOT are the:
A. AMVL to the left edge of the IVS
B. AoV annulus to the TV annulus
C. TV annulus to the AoV annulus
D. TV annulus to the PV annulus -Answer- D
All of the following are considered AV valves EXCEPT:
A. Aortic
B. Mitral
,C. Bicuspid
D. Tricuspid -Answer- A
All of the following are names of PVL EXCEPT:
A. Anterior
B. Left
C. Non-coronary
D. Posterior -Answer- C
All of the following events are considered to occur in late diastole EXCEPT:
A. A-dip of the PVL on M-mode
B. A-point of AMVL on M-mode
C. A-point of MV Doppler waveform
D. E-point of the AMVL on M-mode -Answer- D
The MVL is continuous with the aortic root, while the is continuous with the
aortic root.
A. Anterior, anterior, PMVL, posterior
B. Anterior, posterior, IVS, anterior
C. Posterior, anterior, IVS, posterior
D. Posterior, posterior, AMVL, anterior -Answer- B
Structures of the MV apparatus include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Mitral annulus
B. Sinuses of valsalva
C. LV walls
D. Papillary muscles -Answer- B
Normal MVA is:
A. 1-3
B. 3-5
C. 4-6
D. 7-9 -Answer- C
All of the following are considered pulmonary vessels EXCEPT:
A. Main PA
B. Pulmonary capillaries
C. PV4
D. Vena Cava -Answer- D
Upper limit of normal for the Ao Root diameter in adults measured by M-mode ranges
from:
A. 1.3-2.4 cm
B. 2.2-2.5 cm
C. 25-32 mm
D. 33-37 mm -Answer- D
,The 3 branches that normally originate from the Ao Arch include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. Brachiocephalic artery
B. Left CCA
C. Left subclavian artery
D. Right CCA -Answer- D
Point at which the descending Ao and the Ao Arch join is called the Ao:
A. Bifurcation
B. Bulb
C. Isthmus
D. Sinus -Answer- C
Thickest layer of an arterial wall is the tunica:
A. Adventitia
B. Intima
C. Media
D. Vasorum -Answer- C
Anatomic landmark that demarcates the end section of the descending thoracic Ao and
the beginning of the abdominal Ao:
A. Ao isthmus
B. Diaphragm
C. Ligamentum arteriosum
D. Renal arteries -Answer- B
Section of the Ao that is located between the diaphragm and the iliac arteries is called
the:
A. Abdominal aorta
B. Ao isthmus
C. Descending thoracic Ao
D. Transverse Ao -Answer- A
Correct order for the branches of the Ao Arch:
A. Left subclavian, right subclavian, left CCA
B. Right brachiocephalic, left brachiocephalic, left CCA
C. Right brachiocephalic, left CCA, left subclavian
D. Sinus of valsalva, right innominate, left innominate -Answer- C
Normal fetal vascular channel that connects the DAO and the main PA is:
A. Ductus venosus
B. Ductus arteriosus
C. Ligamentum venosum
D. Ligamentum arteriosum -Answer- B
, The coronary artery that has a branch called the circumflex artery is the:
A. Left anterior descending coronary artery
B. Left coronary artery
C. Posterior descending coronary artery
D. Right coronary artery -Answer- B
Coronary artery that predominantly supplies blood to the RV is:
A. Acute marginal branch
B. Anterior descending coronary artery
C. Circumflex coronary artery
D. Left main coronary artery -Answer- A
Normal pressure values in the mmHg for the listed cardiac chambers or great vessels
include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. RA: 0-5 mean
B. RV: 25 systolic, 0-5 diastolic
C. PA: 25 systolic, 10-15 diastolic
D. LV: 120 systolic, 80 diastolic -Answer- D
The moderator band is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- B
The Eustachian valve is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- A
The chiari network is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- A
Normal volume of clear serous fluid in the pericardial sac is:
A. 20-50 cc
B. 20-50 L
C. 200-500 cc
D. 200-500 L -Answer- A
Potential space behind the LA where the pericardial effusion could accumulate is the:
A. Sinus of valsalva
B. Pleural potential space
Correct Answers
The PLAX view allows ID of all of the following wall segments EXCEPT:
A. Basal and mid-interventricular septum
B. Basal and mid-posterior wall of the LV
C. Infero-lateral wall of the LV
D. LV apex -Answer- D
Wall segments that are visualized in the PSAX view of LV at papillary muscle level
include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior septum
B. Anterior wall
C. Antero-inferior wall
D. Antero-lateral wall -Answer- C
LV wall segments that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of the
following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior wall of LV
B. Apex
C. Interventricular septumza
D. Lateral wall of LV -Answer- A
Wall segments and structures that may be visualized in the apical 2C view include all of
the following EXCEPT:
A. Anterior wall of the LV
B. Coronary sinus
C. Free wall if the RV
D. Inferior wall of the LV -Answer- C
The boundaries of the functional LVOT are best described as extending from:
A. Anterior AoV annulus to the posterior AoV annulus
B. Anteromedial position of the TV annulus to the PV annulus
C. Free edge of the AMVL to the AoV annulus
D. Tips of the LV papillary muscles to the edge of the AMVL -Answer- C
Landmarks used to ID the anatomic and functional RVOT are the:
A. AMVL to the left edge of the IVS
B. AoV annulus to the TV annulus
C. TV annulus to the AoV annulus
D. TV annulus to the PV annulus -Answer- D
All of the following are considered AV valves EXCEPT:
A. Aortic
B. Mitral
,C. Bicuspid
D. Tricuspid -Answer- A
All of the following are names of PVL EXCEPT:
A. Anterior
B. Left
C. Non-coronary
D. Posterior -Answer- C
All of the following events are considered to occur in late diastole EXCEPT:
A. A-dip of the PVL on M-mode
B. A-point of AMVL on M-mode
C. A-point of MV Doppler waveform
D. E-point of the AMVL on M-mode -Answer- D
The MVL is continuous with the aortic root, while the is continuous with the
aortic root.
A. Anterior, anterior, PMVL, posterior
B. Anterior, posterior, IVS, anterior
C. Posterior, anterior, IVS, posterior
D. Posterior, posterior, AMVL, anterior -Answer- B
Structures of the MV apparatus include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Mitral annulus
B. Sinuses of valsalva
C. LV walls
D. Papillary muscles -Answer- B
Normal MVA is:
A. 1-3
B. 3-5
C. 4-6
D. 7-9 -Answer- C
All of the following are considered pulmonary vessels EXCEPT:
A. Main PA
B. Pulmonary capillaries
C. PV4
D. Vena Cava -Answer- D
Upper limit of normal for the Ao Root diameter in adults measured by M-mode ranges
from:
A. 1.3-2.4 cm
B. 2.2-2.5 cm
C. 25-32 mm
D. 33-37 mm -Answer- D
,The 3 branches that normally originate from the Ao Arch include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. Brachiocephalic artery
B. Left CCA
C. Left subclavian artery
D. Right CCA -Answer- D
Point at which the descending Ao and the Ao Arch join is called the Ao:
A. Bifurcation
B. Bulb
C. Isthmus
D. Sinus -Answer- C
Thickest layer of an arterial wall is the tunica:
A. Adventitia
B. Intima
C. Media
D. Vasorum -Answer- C
Anatomic landmark that demarcates the end section of the descending thoracic Ao and
the beginning of the abdominal Ao:
A. Ao isthmus
B. Diaphragm
C. Ligamentum arteriosum
D. Renal arteries -Answer- B
Section of the Ao that is located between the diaphragm and the iliac arteries is called
the:
A. Abdominal aorta
B. Ao isthmus
C. Descending thoracic Ao
D. Transverse Ao -Answer- A
Correct order for the branches of the Ao Arch:
A. Left subclavian, right subclavian, left CCA
B. Right brachiocephalic, left brachiocephalic, left CCA
C. Right brachiocephalic, left CCA, left subclavian
D. Sinus of valsalva, right innominate, left innominate -Answer- C
Normal fetal vascular channel that connects the DAO and the main PA is:
A. Ductus venosus
B. Ductus arteriosus
C. Ligamentum venosum
D. Ligamentum arteriosum -Answer- B
, The coronary artery that has a branch called the circumflex artery is the:
A. Left anterior descending coronary artery
B. Left coronary artery
C. Posterior descending coronary artery
D. Right coronary artery -Answer- B
Coronary artery that predominantly supplies blood to the RV is:
A. Acute marginal branch
B. Anterior descending coronary artery
C. Circumflex coronary artery
D. Left main coronary artery -Answer- A
Normal pressure values in the mmHg for the listed cardiac chambers or great vessels
include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. RA: 0-5 mean
B. RV: 25 systolic, 0-5 diastolic
C. PA: 25 systolic, 10-15 diastolic
D. LV: 120 systolic, 80 diastolic -Answer- D
The moderator band is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- B
The Eustachian valve is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- A
The chiari network is found in the:
A. RA
B. RV
C. LA
D. LV -Answer- A
Normal volume of clear serous fluid in the pericardial sac is:
A. 20-50 cc
B. 20-50 L
C. 200-500 cc
D. 200-500 L -Answer- A
Potential space behind the LA where the pericardial effusion could accumulate is the:
A. Sinus of valsalva
B. Pleural potential space
