Pharmacoeconomics Final Quiz
Questions and Answers
A full economic evaluation includes:
A) a comparison of two or more alternatives in terms of costs and consequences
B) an analysis of costs and consequences of one alternative
C) an analysis of two or more alternatives in terms of consequences
D) a comparison of two or more alternatives in terms of cost - ANSWER-A
A single item health related quality of life measure such as a pain scale has which of the
following difficulties?
A) the instrument is difficult to write and develop
B) it is difficult to collect data
C) the results are hard to interpret
D) it is difficult for patients to answer - ANSWER-C
According to the video titled, 'Unnatural Causes,' which of the following social
determinants of health has the largest impact on overall health? - ANSWER-wealth
All of the following statements are general characteristics of cost effectiveness analyses
(CEAs) except which one?
A) costs are measured in economic terms and the outcome is measured in natural units
B) ratios of costs to effects are used to make judgments on cost effectiveness
C) uses the human capital approach to place a dollar value on outcomes
D) at least two drugs or therapeutic interventions are compared - ANSWER-C
All of the four E's of economics are important. As a pharmacist in clinical practice, you
will likely be focused on which of the following activities when caring for patients?
A) effectiveness
B) efficacy
C) equity
D) efficiency - ANSWER-A
Efficacy trials or randomized controlled trials have limited use as effectiveness data.
Which of the following is a reason why RCTs are so limited?
A) patients involved in RCTs are not similar to real world patients
B) the monitoring and follow-up of patients in RCTs is low relative to practice
C) outcomes measured in RCTs are irrelevant to real clinical practice
D) few health care providers are involved in conducting RCTs - ANSWER-A
, Health is:
A) a physical well being
B) absence of disease
C) being able to do what one wants
D) all of the above - ANSWER-D
If specific effects have been identified for a treatment, a disease specific instrument is a
good choice because of which one of the following?
A) it will have low sensitivity to detect the treatment effect
B) it will be more sensitive for detecting unintended, related factors
C) it will be more sensitive to change in clinical condition
D) it will provide a distinct baseline for future assessments - ANSWER-C
In a cost benefit analysis, which of the following decision rules is correct and indicates a
program should be implemented?
A) net benefit < 0
B) B/C > 1
C) ICER > 1
D) C/B > 1 - ANSWER-B
In a cost effectiveness analysis, study outcomes are measured in:
A) outcomes do not need to be measured
B) quality adjusted life years
C) dollars
D) natural units - ANSWER-D
In a cost of illness study, the dollar amount can be large and almost unbelievable. Some
numbers are solid for diseases while others are not. All interested in using these dollar
amounts should do which of the following?
A) find the largest dollar amount you can find on the internet and use that dollar amount
to prove your point
B) do some research on the dollar amount to see what types of costs are included
(direct medical, direct nonmedical, indirect, intangible)
C) calculate your own dollar amounts for a disease as his is relatively easy to do
D) never use the dollar amounts as they are extremely misleading - ANSWER-B
In cost effectiveness analyses, which of the following statements regarding the decision
is true?
A) the highest effect is used to determine cost effectiveness
Questions and Answers
A full economic evaluation includes:
A) a comparison of two or more alternatives in terms of costs and consequences
B) an analysis of costs and consequences of one alternative
C) an analysis of two or more alternatives in terms of consequences
D) a comparison of two or more alternatives in terms of cost - ANSWER-A
A single item health related quality of life measure such as a pain scale has which of the
following difficulties?
A) the instrument is difficult to write and develop
B) it is difficult to collect data
C) the results are hard to interpret
D) it is difficult for patients to answer - ANSWER-C
According to the video titled, 'Unnatural Causes,' which of the following social
determinants of health has the largest impact on overall health? - ANSWER-wealth
All of the following statements are general characteristics of cost effectiveness analyses
(CEAs) except which one?
A) costs are measured in economic terms and the outcome is measured in natural units
B) ratios of costs to effects are used to make judgments on cost effectiveness
C) uses the human capital approach to place a dollar value on outcomes
D) at least two drugs or therapeutic interventions are compared - ANSWER-C
All of the four E's of economics are important. As a pharmacist in clinical practice, you
will likely be focused on which of the following activities when caring for patients?
A) effectiveness
B) efficacy
C) equity
D) efficiency - ANSWER-A
Efficacy trials or randomized controlled trials have limited use as effectiveness data.
Which of the following is a reason why RCTs are so limited?
A) patients involved in RCTs are not similar to real world patients
B) the monitoring and follow-up of patients in RCTs is low relative to practice
C) outcomes measured in RCTs are irrelevant to real clinical practice
D) few health care providers are involved in conducting RCTs - ANSWER-A
, Health is:
A) a physical well being
B) absence of disease
C) being able to do what one wants
D) all of the above - ANSWER-D
If specific effects have been identified for a treatment, a disease specific instrument is a
good choice because of which one of the following?
A) it will have low sensitivity to detect the treatment effect
B) it will be more sensitive for detecting unintended, related factors
C) it will be more sensitive to change in clinical condition
D) it will provide a distinct baseline for future assessments - ANSWER-C
In a cost benefit analysis, which of the following decision rules is correct and indicates a
program should be implemented?
A) net benefit < 0
B) B/C > 1
C) ICER > 1
D) C/B > 1 - ANSWER-B
In a cost effectiveness analysis, study outcomes are measured in:
A) outcomes do not need to be measured
B) quality adjusted life years
C) dollars
D) natural units - ANSWER-D
In a cost of illness study, the dollar amount can be large and almost unbelievable. Some
numbers are solid for diseases while others are not. All interested in using these dollar
amounts should do which of the following?
A) find the largest dollar amount you can find on the internet and use that dollar amount
to prove your point
B) do some research on the dollar amount to see what types of costs are included
(direct medical, direct nonmedical, indirect, intangible)
C) calculate your own dollar amounts for a disease as his is relatively easy to do
D) never use the dollar amounts as they are extremely misleading - ANSWER-B
In cost effectiveness analyses, which of the following statements regarding the decision
is true?
A) the highest effect is used to determine cost effectiveness
