NUR 215 Exam 2 (Modules 3, 4, and
5) 2025 Questions and Answers
100% Pass
infection - ✔✔invasion and multiplication of pathogen in the body
HAIs - ✔✔healthcare associated infections
common HAIs - ✔✔- central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI)
- C.diff
- pneumonia
- MRSA
- surgical site infections (staph, strep, pneumo)
- UTI
- catheter-associated UTIs
asepsis - ✔✔absence of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms
pathogen - ✔✔bacterium, virus, microorganisms that cause disease
prodromal - ✔✔("pro"=before) period between onset of initial symptoms and full
development of fever/rash
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,convalescence - ✔✔time spent recovering from illness
malaise - ✔✔general feeling of illness and discomfort; difficult to pinpoint cause
PPE - ✔✔personal protective equipment/gear
TB - ✔✔mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting the lungs; preventable and curable
bacteria - ✔✔aka germs, microscopic, disease-causing organisms
(EX: staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Salmonella)
viruses - ✔✔submicroscopic infectious agent that reproduces with host's genetic
machinery
(EX: HIV, COVID, hepatitis A/B/C, measles/mumps)
fungi - ✔✔spore-forming organisms; mold yeast
prions - ✔✔misfolded protein particles that can transmit their misfolded shapes into
normal variants of the same protein - cause neurogenerative diseases in humans
(EX: new varian Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, COVID strains)
parasites - ✔✔organisms that live on/in other protozoa and benefits from deriving
nutrients from the hose
(EX: fleas, tapeworms, bot flies, flatworms, roundworms)
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, Transmission chain of infection - ✔✔1. causative/infectious agent: pathogen capable of
causing disease/illness
2. reservoir: place where the pathogen grows and multiplies (living vs. nonliving)
3. portals of exit: ways pathogen leaves the reservoir (bodily fluids)
4. modes of transmission: ways the pathogen spreads from reservoir to the next
person/susceptible host (contact, droplet, airborne, vector)
5. portals of entry: ways pathogen enters the susceptible host
6. susceptible host: compromised individuals that are susceptible to infection and
severity of disease
7. cycle repeats
stages of infection - ✔✔1. incubation: period between pathogen entering body and onset
of symptoms (person not aware but can still infect)
2. prodromal: pathogen multiples and triggers body's immune system; first appearance
of vague symptoms
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5) 2025 Questions and Answers
100% Pass
infection - ✔✔invasion and multiplication of pathogen in the body
HAIs - ✔✔healthcare associated infections
common HAIs - ✔✔- central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI)
- C.diff
- pneumonia
- MRSA
- surgical site infections (staph, strep, pneumo)
- UTI
- catheter-associated UTIs
asepsis - ✔✔absence of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms
pathogen - ✔✔bacterium, virus, microorganisms that cause disease
prodromal - ✔✔("pro"=before) period between onset of initial symptoms and full
development of fever/rash
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,convalescence - ✔✔time spent recovering from illness
malaise - ✔✔general feeling of illness and discomfort; difficult to pinpoint cause
PPE - ✔✔personal protective equipment/gear
TB - ✔✔mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting the lungs; preventable and curable
bacteria - ✔✔aka germs, microscopic, disease-causing organisms
(EX: staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Salmonella)
viruses - ✔✔submicroscopic infectious agent that reproduces with host's genetic
machinery
(EX: HIV, COVID, hepatitis A/B/C, measles/mumps)
fungi - ✔✔spore-forming organisms; mold yeast
prions - ✔✔misfolded protein particles that can transmit their misfolded shapes into
normal variants of the same protein - cause neurogenerative diseases in humans
(EX: new varian Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, COVID strains)
parasites - ✔✔organisms that live on/in other protozoa and benefits from deriving
nutrients from the hose
(EX: fleas, tapeworms, bot flies, flatworms, roundworms)
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Transmission chain of infection - ✔✔1. causative/infectious agent: pathogen capable of
causing disease/illness
2. reservoir: place where the pathogen grows and multiplies (living vs. nonliving)
3. portals of exit: ways pathogen leaves the reservoir (bodily fluids)
4. modes of transmission: ways the pathogen spreads from reservoir to the next
person/susceptible host (contact, droplet, airborne, vector)
5. portals of entry: ways pathogen enters the susceptible host
6. susceptible host: compromised individuals that are susceptible to infection and
severity of disease
7. cycle repeats
stages of infection - ✔✔1. incubation: period between pathogen entering body and onset
of symptoms (person not aware but can still infect)
2. prodromal: pathogen multiples and triggers body's immune system; first appearance
of vague symptoms
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