UIO
TEST BANK Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership andManagement
4th Edition by Vana & Tazbir
Chapter 1 to 31
TEST BANK
,UIO
Table of Contents:
UIO UIO
Unit I: NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT.
U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 1. Nursing Leadership and Management.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 2. The Healthcare Environment.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 3. Organizational Behavior and Magnet Hospitals.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Chapter 4. Basic Clinical Healthcare Economics.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 5. Evidence-Based Health Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 6. Nursing and Healthcare Informatics.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO
Chapter 7. Population Based Healthcare Practice.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Unit II: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM.
U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 8. Personal and Interdisciplinary Communication.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 9. Politics and Consumer Partnerships.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 10. Strategic Planning and organizing Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 11. Effective Team Building.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 12. Power. UIO UIO
Chapter 13. Change, Innovation, and Conflict Management.
UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Unit III: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT- CENTERED CARE.
U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 14. Budget Concepts for Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 15. Effective Staffing. UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 16. Delegation of Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 17. Organization of Patient Care Management.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 18. Time Management and Setting Patient Care Priorities.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 19. Patient and Health Care Education.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Unit IV: QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF PATIENT OUTCOMES.
U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 20. Managing Outcomes Using an Organizational Quality Improvement Model.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 21. Evidence Based Strategies to Improve Patient Care Outcomes.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO
Chapter 22. Decision Making and Critical Thinking.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 23. Legal Aspects of Health Care.
UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 24. Ethical Aspects of Health Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 25. Culture, Generational Differences, and Spirituality.
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO
Unit V: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF SELF AND THE FUTURE.
UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO U IO
Chapter 26. Collective Bargaining.UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 27. Career Planning. UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 28. Nursing Job Opportunities.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 29. Your First Job. UIO UIO UIO UI O
Chapter 30. Healthy Living: Balancing Personal and Professional Needs.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 31. NCLEX Preparation and Professionalism
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
.
,UIO
Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
MULTIPLE CHOICE U IO
1 .According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO
are considered which aspect of management?
UI O UIO UIO U IO U IO
a. U I O Roles
b. U I O Process
c. U I O Functions
d. U I O Taxonomy
ANS: B, The management process includes planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling. Management roles include
UI O UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O U IO UI O UIO
information processing, interpersonal relationships, and decision making. Management functions include planning, organizing,
UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO
staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting.Ataxonomy is a system that orders principles into a grouping or
U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO
classification.
2 . Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
UIO UI O UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO U IO
a. U I O Disseminator
b. U I O Figurehead
c. U I O Leader
d. U I O Entrepreneur
ANS: D, The decisional managerial roles include entrepreneur, disturbance handler, allocator of resources, and negotiator. The
UI O UI O UI O UIO U IO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
information processing managerial roles include monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. The interpersonal managerial roles
UI O UIO U IO UI O UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UI O
include figurehead, leader, and liaison. UI O UI O UIO U IO
3 .Anurse managermeets regularly with othernurse managers, participates on the organizations
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in order to manage U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager? UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO
a. U I O Informing
b. U I O Problem solving UIO
c. U I O Monitoring
d. U I O Networking
ANS: D, The role functions to manage relationships are networking, supporting, developing and mentoring, managing conflict
UI O UI O UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO UI O U IO UI O
and team building, motivating and inspiring, recognizing, and rewarding. The role functions to manage the work are planning and
UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO
organizing, problem solving, clarifying roles and objectives, informing, monitoring, consulting, and delegating.
UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO U IO U IO U IO U IO UIO
4 .Anurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title would most
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O
likely be which of the following?
UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO
a. U I O First-line manager UIO
b. U I O Director
c. U I O Vice president of patient care services U IO U IO U IO U IO UIO
d. U I O Chief nurse executive UIO UIO
ANS: B,Amiddle-level manager is called a director.Alow managerial- level job is called the first-line manager.Anurse in an
UI O UIO UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
executive level role is called a chief nurse executive or vice president of patient care services.
UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O
5 .Anurse managerwho uses FrederickTaylors scientific management approach, would most likely
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focus on which of the following? UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO
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a. U I O General principles U IO
b. U I O Positional authority U IO
c. U I O Labor productivity UIO
d. U I O Impersonal relations U IO
ANS: C, The area of focus for scientific management is labor productivity. In bureaucratic theory, efficiency is achieved through
UI O UI O UI O U IO UIO UI O U IO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O
impersonal relations within a formal structure and is based on positional authority.Administrative principle theory consists of
U IO U IO U IO U IO UI O U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
principles of management that are relevant to any organization.
UI O UIO U IO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO
6 .According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
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a. U I O is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO
b. U I O describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal. UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
c. U I O describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders theyare given. UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO
d. U I O is a naturallyforming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO
ANS: B,According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, Force describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO
Valence speaks to the level of attractiveness or unattractiveness of the goal. Expectancy is the perceived possibility that the goal
UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O
will be achieved. Vrooms Theory of Motivation can be demonstrated in the form of an equation: Force = Valence Expectancy
UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO U I O UI O UIO U IO
(Vroom, 1964). The theory proposes that this equation can help to predict the motivation, or force, of an individual as described
UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UI O U IO
byVroom.
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7 .According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO
a. U I O is unconsciouslydemonstrated bypeople.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
b. U I O occurs externallyto influence behavior. UIO UIO UIO UIO
c. U I O is determined byothers choices.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
d. U I O occurs internally to influence behavior. UIO UIO UIO UIO
ANS: D, Motivation is a process that occurs internally to influence and direct our behavior in order to satisfy needs. Motivation is
UI O UIO U IO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UI O
not explicitly demonstrated by people, but rather it is interpreted from their behavior. Motivation is whatever influences our
UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UI O
choices and creates direction, intensity, and persistence in our behavior.
UIO U IO UIO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UI O
8 .According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation theories.
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO
a. U I O Equitytheory UIO
b. U I O Hierarchy of needs theory UIO U IO UIO
c. U I O Existence-relatedness-growth theory UIO
d. U I O Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors UIO UIO UIO UIO
ANS:A, The process motivation theories are equity theory and expectancy theory. The content motivation theories include
UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O U IO
Maslows hierarchy of needs theory,Aldefers existence- relatedness-growth (ERG) theory, and Herzbergs hygiene maintenance
UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O
factors and motivation factors.
UI O UIO UI O
9 . The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
UIO U IO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
a. U I O Maslows hierarchyof needs. UIO UIO UIO
b. U I O Herzbergs two-factor theory. U IO U IO
c. U I O McGregors theoryX and theoryY. UIO UIO UI O UI O UIO
d. U I O Ouchis theoryZ. UIO UIO
TEST BANK Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership andManagement
4th Edition by Vana & Tazbir
Chapter 1 to 31
TEST BANK
,UIO
Table of Contents:
UIO UIO
Unit I: NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT.
U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 1. Nursing Leadership and Management.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 2. The Healthcare Environment.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 3. Organizational Behavior and Magnet Hospitals.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Chapter 4. Basic Clinical Healthcare Economics.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 5. Evidence-Based Health Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 6. Nursing and Healthcare Informatics.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO
Chapter 7. Population Based Healthcare Practice.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Unit II: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM.
U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 8. Personal and Interdisciplinary Communication.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 9. Politics and Consumer Partnerships.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 10. Strategic Planning and organizing Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 11. Effective Team Building.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 12. Power. UIO UIO
Chapter 13. Change, Innovation, and Conflict Management.
UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Unit III: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT- CENTERED CARE.
U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 14. Budget Concepts for Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 15. Effective Staffing. UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 16. Delegation of Patient Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 17. Organization of Patient Care Management.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 18. Time Management and Setting Patient Care Priorities.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 19. Patient and Health Care Education.
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Unit IV: QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF PATIENT OUTCOMES.
U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 20. Managing Outcomes Using an Organizational Quality Improvement Model.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 21. Evidence Based Strategies to Improve Patient Care Outcomes.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO
Chapter 22. Decision Making and Critical Thinking.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 23. Legal Aspects of Health Care.
UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 24. Ethical Aspects of Health Care.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 25. Culture, Generational Differences, and Spirituality.
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO
Unit V: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF SELF AND THE FUTURE.
UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO U IO
Chapter 26. Collective Bargaining.UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 27. Career Planning. UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 28. Nursing Job Opportunities.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 29. Your First Job. UIO UIO UIO UI O
Chapter 30. Healthy Living: Balancing Personal and Professional Needs.
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
Chapter 31. NCLEX Preparation and Professionalism
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
.
,UIO
Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
MULTIPLE CHOICE U IO
1 .According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO
are considered which aspect of management?
UI O UIO UIO U IO U IO
a. U I O Roles
b. U I O Process
c. U I O Functions
d. U I O Taxonomy
ANS: B, The management process includes planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling. Management roles include
UI O UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O U IO UI O UIO
information processing, interpersonal relationships, and decision making. Management functions include planning, organizing,
UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO
staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting.Ataxonomy is a system that orders principles into a grouping or
U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO
classification.
2 . Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
UIO UI O UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO U IO
a. U I O Disseminator
b. U I O Figurehead
c. U I O Leader
d. U I O Entrepreneur
ANS: D, The decisional managerial roles include entrepreneur, disturbance handler, allocator of resources, and negotiator. The
UI O UI O UI O UIO U IO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
information processing managerial roles include monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. The interpersonal managerial roles
UI O UIO U IO UI O UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UI O
include figurehead, leader, and liaison. UI O UI O UIO U IO
3 .Anurse managermeets regularly with othernurse managers, participates on the organizations
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in order to manage U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager? UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO
a. U I O Informing
b. U I O Problem solving UIO
c. U I O Monitoring
d. U I O Networking
ANS: D, The role functions to manage relationships are networking, supporting, developing and mentoring, managing conflict
UI O UI O UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO UI O U IO U IO U IO UIO UI O U IO UI O
and team building, motivating and inspiring, recognizing, and rewarding. The role functions to manage the work are planning and
UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO
organizing, problem solving, clarifying roles and objectives, informing, monitoring, consulting, and delegating.
UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO U IO U IO U IO U IO UIO
4 .Anurse was recently promoted to a middle-level manager position. The nurses title would most
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O
likely be which of the following?
UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO
a. U I O First-line manager UIO
b. U I O Director
c. U I O Vice president of patient care services U IO U IO U IO U IO UIO
d. U I O Chief nurse executive UIO UIO
ANS: B,Amiddle-level manager is called a director.Alow managerial- level job is called the first-line manager.Anurse in an
UI O UIO UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
executive level role is called a chief nurse executive or vice president of patient care services.
UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O
5 .Anurse managerwho uses FrederickTaylors scientific management approach, would most likely
UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO
focus on which of the following? UIO UIO UIO U IO U IO
,UIO
a. U I O General principles U IO
b. U I O Positional authority U IO
c. U I O Labor productivity UIO
d. U I O Impersonal relations U IO
ANS: C, The area of focus for scientific management is labor productivity. In bureaucratic theory, efficiency is achieved through
UI O UI O UI O U IO UIO UI O U IO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O
impersonal relations within a formal structure and is based on positional authority.Administrative principle theory consists of
U IO U IO U IO U IO UI O U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO
principles of management that are relevant to any organization.
UI O UIO U IO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO
6 .According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO
a. U I O is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO
b. U I O describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal. UIO UIO U IO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO
c. U I O describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders theyare given. UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO
d. U I O is a naturallyforming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO U IO
ANS: B,According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, Force describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO
Valence speaks to the level of attractiveness or unattractiveness of the goal. Expectancy is the perceived possibility that the goal
UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O
will be achieved. Vrooms Theory of Motivation can be demonstrated in the form of an equation: Force = Valence Expectancy
UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO UIO U I O UI O UIO U IO
(Vroom, 1964). The theory proposes that this equation can help to predict the motivation, or force, of an individual as described
UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO UI O UIO U IO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UI O U IO
byVroom.
UIO
7 .According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO
a. U I O is unconsciouslydemonstrated bypeople.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
b. U I O occurs externallyto influence behavior. UIO UIO UIO UIO
c. U I O is determined byothers choices.
UIO UIO UIO UIO
d. U I O occurs internally to influence behavior. UIO UIO UIO UIO
ANS: D, Motivation is a process that occurs internally to influence and direct our behavior in order to satisfy needs. Motivation is
UI O UIO U IO UI O UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UI O
not explicitly demonstrated by people, but rather it is interpreted from their behavior. Motivation is whatever influences our
UI O UIO UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UI O
choices and creates direction, intensity, and persistence in our behavior.
UIO U IO UIO U IO U IO UIO U IO UIO UI O
8 .According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivation theories.
UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO UIO U IO UIO UIO
Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
UIO UI O U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O UIO UIO
a. U I O Equitytheory UIO
b. U I O Hierarchy of needs theory UIO U IO UIO
c. U I O Existence-relatedness-growth theory UIO
d. U I O Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors UIO UIO UIO UIO
ANS:A, The process motivation theories are equity theory and expectancy theory. The content motivation theories include
UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UIO UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO UI O UI O UIO UI O U IO
Maslows hierarchy of needs theory,Aldefers existence- relatedness-growth (ERG) theory, and Herzbergs hygiene maintenance
UI O UIO UIO U IO UIO U IO UIO U IO U IO UIO UIO UIO UI O
factors and motivation factors.
UI O UIO UI O
9 . The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
UIO U IO UI O UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO UIO
a. U I O Maslows hierarchyof needs. UIO UIO UIO
b. U I O Herzbergs two-factor theory. U IO U IO
c. U I O McGregors theoryX and theoryY. UIO UIO UI O UI O UIO
d. U I O Ouchis theoryZ. UIO UIO
