ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
MEANING AND SCOPE OF ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
Define the terms administration and management
Administration is the range of activities connected with organizing and supervising the way that
an organization or institution functions.
Management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives
using available resources efficiently and effectively.
MANAGEMENT TRAINING
Management training is training activity that focuses on improving an individual's skills as a
leader and manager. There may be an emphasis on soft skills, such as communication and
empathy, which enable better team work and more progressive relationships with the people they
manage
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT
Management development is the overall concept that describes the many ways in which
organizations help employees develop their personal and organizational skills, either as managers
in a management job or with an eventual management job in mind
MANAGEMENT EDUCATION
Management education is one discipline of Higher education by which students are taught to be
business leaders, managers and administrators.
The act or process of imparting or acquiring knowledge to develop the members of the executive
or administration of an organization or business, managers or employers collectively, or train in
the techniques, practice, or science of managing, controlling or dealing, in the skillful or
resourceful use of materials, time
Characteristics or features of management
1. Management is universal
They apply more or less the same world over and in any situation
2. Management is a continuous process
It is dynamic and an on-going process. The circle of management continues to operate as long
as the organization exists.
3. Management is purposeful
It exists for a purpose of achieving specific goals. It is therefore the means by which pre-
determined goals are accomplished. All management activities are goal oriented.
4. Management is an integrating force
It reconciles individual goals with organizational goals by creating a whole which is more than
the sum of individuals.
5. Management is a social process
It is done by people, through people for the people. It is a social process because it is concerned
with interpersonal relationships.
6. Management is intangible
It is unseen or invisible force, but its presence can be felt. However, managers who perform
management functions are themselves visible.
7. Management is both an art and a science
As a science it contains systematic body of theoretical knowledge. It involves practices
, application of knowledge.
As an art, it is based on one’s initiative, creativity, initiativeness and own approach to problem
solving
IMPORTANCE OF ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
1)Helps to achieve goals and objectives
First of all, organizations set their goals. These goals must be planned beforehand, and it is up to
a good management structure to come up with proposals and plans for how to achieve them.
Proper planning ensures that the organization follows a mapped course towards its vision and
mission.
2)Provides a sense of focus and direction
When an organization plans its activities, it is able to have a singular focus. Failure to plan can
throw an entire business into disarray because no one will understand where they are headed.
A management structure that plans finds it even easier to anticipate problems and cope with
them. Once an organization has planned its activities well, all other functions of management fall
into place.
3)For optimum utilization of resources
These resources include both human resources and technology. By assigning individuals roles
that best suit them, the organization can reap the maximum from each employee. Organizing
paves the way for specialization and the best use of talents. It helps the management to save
money and other resources while minimizing losses.
4)To maintain responsibility and order
An organized workforce is always effective. They work as a team towards one common goal.
When everyone knows what they ought to do, they will be more responsible because they are
doing what they know best. It is also easy to hold people accountable when you know what each
one of them does.
5)To get the most qualified personnel for the job
Staffing as a function of management helps to discover skilled people to fill various positions in
the organization. This results in high performance and maximum productivity. It also helps to
remunerate employees fairly which in turn translates to increased job satisfaction. This is the
reason why many workplaces have thorough vetting procedures before employing people.
6)To reduce workload and get things done
Efficient staffing ensures that work is divided among employees according to the roles they have
been assigned. The fact that each one of them is good at what he or she is doing means that work
will be completed faster and better. Employees stay happy and motivate as there is no pressure in
the workplace.
7)Helps facilitate good communication
Good directing helps to build a two-way channel of communication between the leadership and
subordinates. Employees can express themselves, and as a result, matters arising are address
appropriately. Communication is a crucial contributor to the performance of an organization so it
can never be ignore.
8)Helps to initiate action and keep the organization moving
are initiated and sustained. Imagine for a moment, an organization without leaders. There would
be no sense of direction, and the whole establishment would just collapse. Directing establishes
authority to which employees are answerable.
9)To monitor progress and chart a way forward
It is very important to conduct audits and reviews of how the organization has been performing.
MEANING AND SCOPE OF ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
Define the terms administration and management
Administration is the range of activities connected with organizing and supervising the way that
an organization or institution functions.
Management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives
using available resources efficiently and effectively.
MANAGEMENT TRAINING
Management training is training activity that focuses on improving an individual's skills as a
leader and manager. There may be an emphasis on soft skills, such as communication and
empathy, which enable better team work and more progressive relationships with the people they
manage
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT
Management development is the overall concept that describes the many ways in which
organizations help employees develop their personal and organizational skills, either as managers
in a management job or with an eventual management job in mind
MANAGEMENT EDUCATION
Management education is one discipline of Higher education by which students are taught to be
business leaders, managers and administrators.
The act or process of imparting or acquiring knowledge to develop the members of the executive
or administration of an organization or business, managers or employers collectively, or train in
the techniques, practice, or science of managing, controlling or dealing, in the skillful or
resourceful use of materials, time
Characteristics or features of management
1. Management is universal
They apply more or less the same world over and in any situation
2. Management is a continuous process
It is dynamic and an on-going process. The circle of management continues to operate as long
as the organization exists.
3. Management is purposeful
It exists for a purpose of achieving specific goals. It is therefore the means by which pre-
determined goals are accomplished. All management activities are goal oriented.
4. Management is an integrating force
It reconciles individual goals with organizational goals by creating a whole which is more than
the sum of individuals.
5. Management is a social process
It is done by people, through people for the people. It is a social process because it is concerned
with interpersonal relationships.
6. Management is intangible
It is unseen or invisible force, but its presence can be felt. However, managers who perform
management functions are themselves visible.
7. Management is both an art and a science
As a science it contains systematic body of theoretical knowledge. It involves practices
, application of knowledge.
As an art, it is based on one’s initiative, creativity, initiativeness and own approach to problem
solving
IMPORTANCE OF ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
1)Helps to achieve goals and objectives
First of all, organizations set their goals. These goals must be planned beforehand, and it is up to
a good management structure to come up with proposals and plans for how to achieve them.
Proper planning ensures that the organization follows a mapped course towards its vision and
mission.
2)Provides a sense of focus and direction
When an organization plans its activities, it is able to have a singular focus. Failure to plan can
throw an entire business into disarray because no one will understand where they are headed.
A management structure that plans finds it even easier to anticipate problems and cope with
them. Once an organization has planned its activities well, all other functions of management fall
into place.
3)For optimum utilization of resources
These resources include both human resources and technology. By assigning individuals roles
that best suit them, the organization can reap the maximum from each employee. Organizing
paves the way for specialization and the best use of talents. It helps the management to save
money and other resources while minimizing losses.
4)To maintain responsibility and order
An organized workforce is always effective. They work as a team towards one common goal.
When everyone knows what they ought to do, they will be more responsible because they are
doing what they know best. It is also easy to hold people accountable when you know what each
one of them does.
5)To get the most qualified personnel for the job
Staffing as a function of management helps to discover skilled people to fill various positions in
the organization. This results in high performance and maximum productivity. It also helps to
remunerate employees fairly which in turn translates to increased job satisfaction. This is the
reason why many workplaces have thorough vetting procedures before employing people.
6)To reduce workload and get things done
Efficient staffing ensures that work is divided among employees according to the roles they have
been assigned. The fact that each one of them is good at what he or she is doing means that work
will be completed faster and better. Employees stay happy and motivate as there is no pressure in
the workplace.
7)Helps facilitate good communication
Good directing helps to build a two-way channel of communication between the leadership and
subordinates. Employees can express themselves, and as a result, matters arising are address
appropriately. Communication is a crucial contributor to the performance of an organization so it
can never be ignore.
8)Helps to initiate action and keep the organization moving
are initiated and sustained. Imagine for a moment, an organization without leaders. There would
be no sense of direction, and the whole establishment would just collapse. Directing establishes
authority to which employees are answerable.
9)To monitor progress and chart a way forward
It is very important to conduct audits and reviews of how the organization has been performing.
