D199 Roadmap Study UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Understand Physical Geography and its major sub-disciplines. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Physical geography is the study of the earth's environment.
It is broken into areas of study, some of which are:
Biogeography - Study of plants and animals and how they survive/live and where they
survive/live
Climatology - Study of weather patterns around the earth.
Hydrology - Study of water and how it behaves and how it moves on earth.
geomorphology - Study of earth's land and how it is formed
Understand Human Geography and its major sub-disciplines. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Study of Human behavior. Why do certain people live more in one area than another? Why is
one country more wealthy than another? What drives people to go from one place to another?
Areas of study:
Cultural geography - Studying the culture differences throughout the planet. How different
cultures live, eat, worship, work, etc. Also the study of how those cultures are tied to certain
places/locations
economic geography - Study of the economy around the earth. How states/nations/peoples make
money, spend money. How successful, how poor they might be, why certain jobs are more
popular in one area and another, etc
Medical Geography - Study of health and medical resources. The health of a people, medical
resources for those people, etc.
,Political Geography - Study of nations/states political systems. What kind of governments they
have, the involvement of the governments, the success of the governments, etc
population geography - Studying where people live, why they live, and population changes that
happen over time.
Urban Geography - study of urban areas, city places. Studying the people within the city, the
buildings, the history, the ongoing development, transportation, employment, etc
What are the "five themes of geography" and how do these geographic perspectives influence
both Physical and Human Geography? - CORRECT ANSWER - Location - For PG,
knowing where things like rivers and mountains are. For HG, knowing where people live.
Place - For PG, to describe places by its landscape, ecosystems, weather.
For HG, the study of culture and where that culture exists.
Human-Environment Interaction - for PG, studying how humans impact the environment. For
HG, how people change the environment for their lives.
Movement - For PG, study of water movement and animal migration. For HG, study of people
migrating from and to different places
Region - For PG, studying regions with similar climate, ecosystems, etc. For HG, study of
cultural similarities, language, food, work, music, etc
Understand the physical elements (hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere) and the biological
elements (producers, consumers, and decomposers) of an ecosystem. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Physical Elements
Hydrosphere - everything related to water on the planet. Oceans, rivers, water underground, the
moisture in the atmosphere.
,Lithosphere - the land and ocean floors
Atmosphere - layer of gasses that wraps the planet. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.
"Blanket to protect us from the nasty sun rays"
Biological Elements
Producers - organisms that can make their own food and energy through "photosynthesis"
(making food from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water). These would be things like plants.
consumers - Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain their energy from other
organisms. Herbivores, carnivores, etc
decomposers - organisms that feed on dead or decaying organisms. Things like fungi, then that
puts some stuff in the soil that's good for plants (producers).
Examine the concept of "geographic scale" (global, regional, national, local) and how it helps
geographers study different geographic phenomena, such as ecosystems. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Global scale - the planet's geography. Geographers would study things like
global climate change and the effects it would have on ecosystems around the world.
Regional scale - particular areas, such as states, nations, groups of neighboring countries.
Geographers would study different areas like the desert, rain forests, etc, and the ecosystems
within those areas
National scale - focusing on specific nations. Geographers would study how policies and land
use would affect the ecosystems within the nation/country
local scale - focusing on cities, towns, etc. Geographers could study the ecosystems within these
areas. parks, small gardens, seeing how human activities can impact local ecosystems.
, Consider how physical and environmental changes, such as climate change, can transform
ecosystems both gradually and more rapidly. - CORRECT ANSWER - ecosystems can be
affected gradually with things like season changes, the climate getting warmer slowly over time,
etc. Rapidly would be things like storms, invasive species, or human impact through the act of
something like deforestation.
Another way an ecosystem could gradually transform would be an ecosystem developing.
Something like a rocky area starting to grow moss, and grass, which would bring in new
organisms into that ecosystem. Over time the ecosystem would become stronger, and larger.. so
long as there is nothing that disturbs it to the point of not existing.
Consider the geographic factors (location, place, movement, region, human-environment
interaction) and technological innovations that drove the Industrial Revolution to begin in
England and northwestern Europe in the mid-eighteenth century. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Location - Close to resources and waterways.
Place - People moved from rural areas to where the work was, creating urban cities.
Movement - using waterways for transporting goods and faraway lands for bringing back new
materials and new ideas
Region - certain regions had people that innovated new ideas and technological advances.
Human-environment interaction - People used steam from coal to power machines. They also
used the current from rivers to operate some machinery.
Technological innovations - Weaving cotton was made easier with industrial machinery. New
methods were introduced to create things like iron which was used for buildings and certain parts
of machines.
Study how the Industrial Revolution produced profound changes in the geography of where
people work and live. - CORRECT ANSWER - Locally since there were new ways to
create goods with industrial machinery, this created jobs. People would leave their rural, farm
life, home to go where the factory jobs were, which ended up creating large cities.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Understand Physical Geography and its major sub-disciplines. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Physical geography is the study of the earth's environment.
It is broken into areas of study, some of which are:
Biogeography - Study of plants and animals and how they survive/live and where they
survive/live
Climatology - Study of weather patterns around the earth.
Hydrology - Study of water and how it behaves and how it moves on earth.
geomorphology - Study of earth's land and how it is formed
Understand Human Geography and its major sub-disciplines. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Study of Human behavior. Why do certain people live more in one area than another? Why is
one country more wealthy than another? What drives people to go from one place to another?
Areas of study:
Cultural geography - Studying the culture differences throughout the planet. How different
cultures live, eat, worship, work, etc. Also the study of how those cultures are tied to certain
places/locations
economic geography - Study of the economy around the earth. How states/nations/peoples make
money, spend money. How successful, how poor they might be, why certain jobs are more
popular in one area and another, etc
Medical Geography - Study of health and medical resources. The health of a people, medical
resources for those people, etc.
,Political Geography - Study of nations/states political systems. What kind of governments they
have, the involvement of the governments, the success of the governments, etc
population geography - Studying where people live, why they live, and population changes that
happen over time.
Urban Geography - study of urban areas, city places. Studying the people within the city, the
buildings, the history, the ongoing development, transportation, employment, etc
What are the "five themes of geography" and how do these geographic perspectives influence
both Physical and Human Geography? - CORRECT ANSWER - Location - For PG,
knowing where things like rivers and mountains are. For HG, knowing where people live.
Place - For PG, to describe places by its landscape, ecosystems, weather.
For HG, the study of culture and where that culture exists.
Human-Environment Interaction - for PG, studying how humans impact the environment. For
HG, how people change the environment for their lives.
Movement - For PG, study of water movement and animal migration. For HG, study of people
migrating from and to different places
Region - For PG, studying regions with similar climate, ecosystems, etc. For HG, study of
cultural similarities, language, food, work, music, etc
Understand the physical elements (hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere) and the biological
elements (producers, consumers, and decomposers) of an ecosystem. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Physical Elements
Hydrosphere - everything related to water on the planet. Oceans, rivers, water underground, the
moisture in the atmosphere.
,Lithosphere - the land and ocean floors
Atmosphere - layer of gasses that wraps the planet. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.
"Blanket to protect us from the nasty sun rays"
Biological Elements
Producers - organisms that can make their own food and energy through "photosynthesis"
(making food from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water). These would be things like plants.
consumers - Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain their energy from other
organisms. Herbivores, carnivores, etc
decomposers - organisms that feed on dead or decaying organisms. Things like fungi, then that
puts some stuff in the soil that's good for plants (producers).
Examine the concept of "geographic scale" (global, regional, national, local) and how it helps
geographers study different geographic phenomena, such as ecosystems. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Global scale - the planet's geography. Geographers would study things like
global climate change and the effects it would have on ecosystems around the world.
Regional scale - particular areas, such as states, nations, groups of neighboring countries.
Geographers would study different areas like the desert, rain forests, etc, and the ecosystems
within those areas
National scale - focusing on specific nations. Geographers would study how policies and land
use would affect the ecosystems within the nation/country
local scale - focusing on cities, towns, etc. Geographers could study the ecosystems within these
areas. parks, small gardens, seeing how human activities can impact local ecosystems.
, Consider how physical and environmental changes, such as climate change, can transform
ecosystems both gradually and more rapidly. - CORRECT ANSWER - ecosystems can be
affected gradually with things like season changes, the climate getting warmer slowly over time,
etc. Rapidly would be things like storms, invasive species, or human impact through the act of
something like deforestation.
Another way an ecosystem could gradually transform would be an ecosystem developing.
Something like a rocky area starting to grow moss, and grass, which would bring in new
organisms into that ecosystem. Over time the ecosystem would become stronger, and larger.. so
long as there is nothing that disturbs it to the point of not existing.
Consider the geographic factors (location, place, movement, region, human-environment
interaction) and technological innovations that drove the Industrial Revolution to begin in
England and northwestern Europe in the mid-eighteenth century. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Location - Close to resources and waterways.
Place - People moved from rural areas to where the work was, creating urban cities.
Movement - using waterways for transporting goods and faraway lands for bringing back new
materials and new ideas
Region - certain regions had people that innovated new ideas and technological advances.
Human-environment interaction - People used steam from coal to power machines. They also
used the current from rivers to operate some machinery.
Technological innovations - Weaving cotton was made easier with industrial machinery. New
methods were introduced to create things like iron which was used for buildings and certain parts
of machines.
Study how the Industrial Revolution produced profound changes in the geography of where
people work and live. - CORRECT ANSWER - Locally since there were new ways to
create goods with industrial machinery, this created jobs. People would leave their rural, farm
life, home to go where the factory jobs were, which ended up creating large cities.
