NUR 221 Fluids and Electrolytes Questions With Complete Solutions

NUR 221 Fluids and Electrolytes Questions
With Complete Solutions

- Acute: calcium gluconate IV
- Chronic: Ca and vitamin D supplements, TUMS
Correct Answers What is the acute and chronic
treatment for hypocalcemia?

- Decrease dietary intake
- Hydration with NS IV
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Calcitonin Correct Answers What is the
treatment for hypercalcemia?

- decrease intake
- dialysis
- Kayexalate
- insulin and dextrose IV
- sodium bicarb IV Correct Answers What is
treatment for hyperkalemia?

- decrease intake
- malabsorption Correct Answers What are
common causes of hypomagnesemia?

- decreased calcium intake and vitamin D intake
- parathyroid surgery Correct Answers What are
common causes of hypocalcemia?

- decreased dietary intake

,- phosphate binders (PhosLo or Renagel)
- hemodialysis Correct Answers What is the
treatment for hyperphosphatemia?

- depends on cause
- synthetic ADH (desmopressin)
- low salt diet
- meds Correct Answers What is the treatment for
DI?

- Depends on underlying cause
- Hypotonic fluids
- Diuretics
- NS Correct Answers What are the treatments for
hypernatremia?

- depends on underlying cause
- water restriction or can get saline bolus
- sodium supplements
- hypertonic fluids Correct Answers What are the
treatments for hyponatremia?

- Digoxin = 0.5 - 2
- lithium = 0.6 - 1.2
- dilantin/phenobarbital =
- acetaminophen =
- salicylate =
- Keppra =
- vancomycin = Correct Answers What are the
therapeutic drug levels for the following drugs?

, - Digoxin
- lithium
- dilantin/phenobarbital
- acetaminophen
- salicylate
- Keppra
- vancomycin

- fluid restriction
- hypertonic solutions (if hyponatremic)
- Lithium
- vasopressin antagonist (tolvaptan or LITHIUM)
Correct Answers What is the treatment for SIADH?

- GI losses
- diuretics
- digoxin
- insulin Correct Answers What are common
causes of hypokalemia?

- hypernatremia
- renal failure
- decreased water intake Correct Answers What
are the common causes of hyperchloremia?

- ICF = dehydration
- ECF = dehydration/hypotension
- IVF = hypotension Correct Answers Not enough
fluid in the following results in what?