BSN206 INFECTION CONTROL
ASSIGNMENT STUDY GUIDE
A patient was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. The patient has been
drinking fruit juice and has increased his intake of fluids but has failed to take
his antibiotic as prescribed because it caused gastric upset. Three days later,
the patient presents to the clinic with fever, malaise, nausea, and vomiting.
What might you suspect?
The patient may now have a systemic infection.
* The patient is displaying generalized symptoms that indicate a systemic
infection. Symptoms of a localized infection such as the urinary tract may
include pain, burning from edematous membranes, and frequency of
urination. Because the patient failed to be treated as prescribed, you might
suspect that the patient's urinary tract infection has ascended to the kidney,
producing more systemic symptoms of infection. Gastrointestinal (GI)
disturbance may be a side effect of the antibiotic. An allergic response would
be more likely suspected if the patient developed a rash, hives, urticaria, or
difficulty breathing.
The nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. To perform this procedure,
the nurse will use:
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique).
* Inserting a urinary catheter requires sterile technique (surgical asepsis) to
prevent the introduction of any microorganisms into the urinary bladder
during the procedure. Medical asepsis (clean technique) is used to reduce
the number or transmission of microorganisms and includes hand hygiene,
wearing clean disposable gloves, etc. Droplet precautions are a type of
standard precaution in which the recommended barrier method includes the
use of a mask. Standard precautions refer to wearing personal protective
,equipment (PPE) when there is potential contact with blood or body fluids. It
does not specifically warrant sterile technique.
The nurse is working in a busy emergency room. On entering station 1, the
nurse dons a pair of clean disposable gloves. The nurse sees that the patient
has a gunshot wound to the chest and is concerned there may be splattering
of infectious materials. The nurse applies goggles, a mask, and a gown. What
is this called?
Following standard precautions.
* The nurse is demonstrating the use of standard precautions. Standard
precautions are used to protect the nurse from potential contact with blood
and body fluids. Because there is a risk of being splattered with infectious
materials, the nurse should use gloves, mask, eye protection, and a gown.
Standard precautions should become a routine part of her practice and thus
be observed in every patient encounter. Medical asepsis (or clean
technique), includes procedures used to reduce the number of and prevent
the spread of microorganisms. Surgical asepsis (or sterile technique) includes
procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms from an area. Health care-
acquired infections are those that develop as a result of a stay or visit in a
health care facility and that were absent at the time of admission.
A nurse assists a patient with a Foley catheter to ambulate down the hall.
The nurse holds the catheter bag below the level of the patient s bladder.
What link in the chain of infection is the nurse breaking by doing so?
Portal of entry.
* By not allowing the urine from the bedside drainage bag to reenter the
bladder, the nurse is breaking the chain of infection at the portal of entry.
Emptying the bedside drainage bag may be an example of controlling the
reservoir. Host susceptibility has to do with issues such as age, nutritional
status, medical treatments, immunizations, and so on.
, The nurse manager is reviewing the use of standard precautions with the
staff. Which of the following should be included in the review? (Select all that
apply.)
Standard precautions are used to protect you from potential contact with
blood and body fluids.
Standard precautions should be observed in every patient encounter.
* Standard precautions are used to protect you from potential contact with
blood and body fluids and should be observed in every patient encounter.
Besides gloving, standard precautions include the use of masks, eye
protection, and gowns when there is a risk of being splattered with infectious
materials. Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) requires the use of sterile
gloves. Clean gloves may be worn when following standard precautions. Any
patient may be a source of infection and should be treated as such rather
than waiting until a pathogen is identified.
A small group of nursing students is giving a teaching presentation on the
principles of surgical asepsis. Which of the following standards are
appropriate to include in the presentation? (Select all that apply.)
A sterile barrier that has been permeated by moisture must be considered
contaminated.
A sterile object or field out of the range of vision or an object held below a
person's waist is considered contaminated.
ASSIGNMENT STUDY GUIDE
A patient was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. The patient has been
drinking fruit juice and has increased his intake of fluids but has failed to take
his antibiotic as prescribed because it caused gastric upset. Three days later,
the patient presents to the clinic with fever, malaise, nausea, and vomiting.
What might you suspect?
The patient may now have a systemic infection.
* The patient is displaying generalized symptoms that indicate a systemic
infection. Symptoms of a localized infection such as the urinary tract may
include pain, burning from edematous membranes, and frequency of
urination. Because the patient failed to be treated as prescribed, you might
suspect that the patient's urinary tract infection has ascended to the kidney,
producing more systemic symptoms of infection. Gastrointestinal (GI)
disturbance may be a side effect of the antibiotic. An allergic response would
be more likely suspected if the patient developed a rash, hives, urticaria, or
difficulty breathing.
The nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. To perform this procedure,
the nurse will use:
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique).
* Inserting a urinary catheter requires sterile technique (surgical asepsis) to
prevent the introduction of any microorganisms into the urinary bladder
during the procedure. Medical asepsis (clean technique) is used to reduce
the number or transmission of microorganisms and includes hand hygiene,
wearing clean disposable gloves, etc. Droplet precautions are a type of
standard precaution in which the recommended barrier method includes the
use of a mask. Standard precautions refer to wearing personal protective
,equipment (PPE) when there is potential contact with blood or body fluids. It
does not specifically warrant sterile technique.
The nurse is working in a busy emergency room. On entering station 1, the
nurse dons a pair of clean disposable gloves. The nurse sees that the patient
has a gunshot wound to the chest and is concerned there may be splattering
of infectious materials. The nurse applies goggles, a mask, and a gown. What
is this called?
Following standard precautions.
* The nurse is demonstrating the use of standard precautions. Standard
precautions are used to protect the nurse from potential contact with blood
and body fluids. Because there is a risk of being splattered with infectious
materials, the nurse should use gloves, mask, eye protection, and a gown.
Standard precautions should become a routine part of her practice and thus
be observed in every patient encounter. Medical asepsis (or clean
technique), includes procedures used to reduce the number of and prevent
the spread of microorganisms. Surgical asepsis (or sterile technique) includes
procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms from an area. Health care-
acquired infections are those that develop as a result of a stay or visit in a
health care facility and that were absent at the time of admission.
A nurse assists a patient with a Foley catheter to ambulate down the hall.
The nurse holds the catheter bag below the level of the patient s bladder.
What link in the chain of infection is the nurse breaking by doing so?
Portal of entry.
* By not allowing the urine from the bedside drainage bag to reenter the
bladder, the nurse is breaking the chain of infection at the portal of entry.
Emptying the bedside drainage bag may be an example of controlling the
reservoir. Host susceptibility has to do with issues such as age, nutritional
status, medical treatments, immunizations, and so on.
, The nurse manager is reviewing the use of standard precautions with the
staff. Which of the following should be included in the review? (Select all that
apply.)
Standard precautions are used to protect you from potential contact with
blood and body fluids.
Standard precautions should be observed in every patient encounter.
* Standard precautions are used to protect you from potential contact with
blood and body fluids and should be observed in every patient encounter.
Besides gloving, standard precautions include the use of masks, eye
protection, and gowns when there is a risk of being splattered with infectious
materials. Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) requires the use of sterile
gloves. Clean gloves may be worn when following standard precautions. Any
patient may be a source of infection and should be treated as such rather
than waiting until a pathogen is identified.
A small group of nursing students is giving a teaching presentation on the
principles of surgical asepsis. Which of the following standards are
appropriate to include in the presentation? (Select all that apply.)
A sterile barrier that has been permeated by moisture must be considered
contaminated.
A sterile object or field out of the range of vision or an object held below a
person's waist is considered contaminated.
