FINAL EXAM FOR INSTRUMENT
GROUND QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Parallel ILS approaches - ANSWER--simultaneous: planes landing at same time
-No transgression zone: advanced radar, updates every 2 seconds
RNAV (GPS) approach using WAAS - ANSWER-- can allow for precision like"
- may have vertical guidance and non - precision
RNAV (GPS) approach without WAAS - ANSWER--older, not as precise
- no vertical guidance
GPS approaches Requirements: older non - WAAS GPS require; - ANSWER-RAIM
(receiver autonomous integrity monitoring)
Ground based Nav. system installed
- need only be used IFR if no RAIM predicted
- if destination only has GPS approaches (alternate must have ground based
Approaches)
No RNAV approaches with vertical guidance
LPV - ANSWER--Localizer Performance with vertical guidance
- considered a precision approach on a check ride if it goes below 300' AGL
LP - ANSWER-Localizer Performance but no vertical guidance
-non precision only (MDA). Likely due to noise or too close to complex airspace
LNAV/VNAV - ANSWER--Lateral nav. and vertical nav.
-GS but higher minima than an LPV
LNAV + V - ANSWER-lateral nav & a computer generated GS, higher minima and
requires a pilot to ensure obstacle clearance.. non - precision MDA
LNAV - ANSWER-lateral nav. only.. non precision MDA
TAA for approaches - ANSWER-Terminal Arrival Area
- 30nm from an IAF
-when cleared for the approach you may use the published altitudes
Fly - by waypoint - ANSWER-GPS "spot in space" on the approach you do NOT
need to fly over it, GPS will provide "turn anticipation
Fly - over waypoint - ANSWER-GPS "spot in space" on the approach you must fly
over this fix
GPS is not... - ANSWER-a precision approach
,IAP - ANSWER-Instrument approach procedure
Precision approaches - ANSWER-ILS
Precision like approaches - ANSWER-GPS based
Non - precision approaches - ANSWER-course to fly on that gets you to the airport
MDA - ANSWER-Minimum descent altitude (non precision)
DH/DA - ANSWER-Decision height/decision altitude (precision)(MAP)
TDZE - ANSWER-touchdown zone elevation (3,000')
HAA - ANSWER-Height above airport
HAT - ANSWER-Height above touchdown (prec. or non)
TCH - ANSWER-Threshold crossing height (precision)
ILS - ANSWER-Instrument landing system (precision)
LOC - ANSWER-Localizer
VOR - ANSWER-very high frequency omni - directional range
NDB - ANSWER-non - directional radio beacon
GPS - ANSWER-Global positioning system (WAAS - precision like)
LDA - ANSWER-localizer type directional facility
SDF - ANSWER-simplified directional facility
VOR/DME - ANSWER-VOR with distance measuring equipment
RNAV - ANSWER-area navigation (GPS) & VOR/DME RNAV
ASR/PAR - ANSWER-airport surveillance radar, precision approach radar
Range - ANSWER-Marker beacons, outer, middle, and inner markers; compass
locator; precision radar, surveillance radar, DME, VOR or NDB fixes can be
substituted for the outer
Lights - ANSWER-approach lighting system, runway end identifier lights, visual glide
slope indicator
Back course - ANSWER-no glide slope
reverse sensing
very sensitive
, timed; no DH
Localizer approaches - ANSWER-same sensitivity as an ILS
aligned with the runway center line
no glide slope information
can contain other elements of the ILS
Localize - type directional aid approaches - ANSWER--same sensitivity as an ILS
-NOT aligned with the runway center line
-if aligned within 30*, straight in minimums may be available
-may have glide slope info (very limited # of these)
-can contain other elements of the ILS
Simplified Directional Facility approach - ANSWER-less sensitive than an ILS, fixed
at 6 degrees or 12degrees
Usually aligned with the runway center line
no glide slope info
can contain other elements of the ILS
GPS approaches: GPS overlay approaches - ANSWER-an approach already exists
but gps databases are loaded with approach information can be used as the primary
means of navigation
GPS approaches: GPS stand alone approaches - ANSWER-the approach is built
specifically for GPS. Title will be labeled "RNAV GPS XX"
ILS Categories I - ANSWER-instrument rated, equipped, current and usually 1/2 mile
or 2400 RVR and DH 200
ILS categories II - ANSWER-special certification, RVR 1200 and DH 100
ILS categories III - ANSWER-special certification, RVR 700 (A), 150 (B), and Zero
(C), and no DH requirement
ILS Localizer - ANSWER--Acts differently than a VOR
-On a traditional VOR head (display) twisting the OBS will NOT change the deviation
indicator
-Which means: the needle will center when you are on course and deflect when off
course and deflect when off course no matter what course is selected
-Lowest frequency: 108.10 (tenth digit is always an odd number) goes to 111.95
Glide slope sensitivity - ANSWER-5.6nm 1 dot = 210', 2 dots = 420'
1.9nm 1 dot = 70', 2 dots = 140'
1.3000' 1 dot = 14', 2 dots = 28'
Initial approach fix (IAF) - ANSWER-where an instrument approach begins if ATC is
unable to provide radar vectors
Intermediate fix (IF) - ANSWER-where established inbound
GROUND QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Parallel ILS approaches - ANSWER--simultaneous: planes landing at same time
-No transgression zone: advanced radar, updates every 2 seconds
RNAV (GPS) approach using WAAS - ANSWER-- can allow for precision like"
- may have vertical guidance and non - precision
RNAV (GPS) approach without WAAS - ANSWER--older, not as precise
- no vertical guidance
GPS approaches Requirements: older non - WAAS GPS require; - ANSWER-RAIM
(receiver autonomous integrity monitoring)
Ground based Nav. system installed
- need only be used IFR if no RAIM predicted
- if destination only has GPS approaches (alternate must have ground based
Approaches)
No RNAV approaches with vertical guidance
LPV - ANSWER--Localizer Performance with vertical guidance
- considered a precision approach on a check ride if it goes below 300' AGL
LP - ANSWER-Localizer Performance but no vertical guidance
-non precision only (MDA). Likely due to noise or too close to complex airspace
LNAV/VNAV - ANSWER--Lateral nav. and vertical nav.
-GS but higher minima than an LPV
LNAV + V - ANSWER-lateral nav & a computer generated GS, higher minima and
requires a pilot to ensure obstacle clearance.. non - precision MDA
LNAV - ANSWER-lateral nav. only.. non precision MDA
TAA for approaches - ANSWER-Terminal Arrival Area
- 30nm from an IAF
-when cleared for the approach you may use the published altitudes
Fly - by waypoint - ANSWER-GPS "spot in space" on the approach you do NOT
need to fly over it, GPS will provide "turn anticipation
Fly - over waypoint - ANSWER-GPS "spot in space" on the approach you must fly
over this fix
GPS is not... - ANSWER-a precision approach
,IAP - ANSWER-Instrument approach procedure
Precision approaches - ANSWER-ILS
Precision like approaches - ANSWER-GPS based
Non - precision approaches - ANSWER-course to fly on that gets you to the airport
MDA - ANSWER-Minimum descent altitude (non precision)
DH/DA - ANSWER-Decision height/decision altitude (precision)(MAP)
TDZE - ANSWER-touchdown zone elevation (3,000')
HAA - ANSWER-Height above airport
HAT - ANSWER-Height above touchdown (prec. or non)
TCH - ANSWER-Threshold crossing height (precision)
ILS - ANSWER-Instrument landing system (precision)
LOC - ANSWER-Localizer
VOR - ANSWER-very high frequency omni - directional range
NDB - ANSWER-non - directional radio beacon
GPS - ANSWER-Global positioning system (WAAS - precision like)
LDA - ANSWER-localizer type directional facility
SDF - ANSWER-simplified directional facility
VOR/DME - ANSWER-VOR with distance measuring equipment
RNAV - ANSWER-area navigation (GPS) & VOR/DME RNAV
ASR/PAR - ANSWER-airport surveillance radar, precision approach radar
Range - ANSWER-Marker beacons, outer, middle, and inner markers; compass
locator; precision radar, surveillance radar, DME, VOR or NDB fixes can be
substituted for the outer
Lights - ANSWER-approach lighting system, runway end identifier lights, visual glide
slope indicator
Back course - ANSWER-no glide slope
reverse sensing
very sensitive
, timed; no DH
Localizer approaches - ANSWER-same sensitivity as an ILS
aligned with the runway center line
no glide slope information
can contain other elements of the ILS
Localize - type directional aid approaches - ANSWER--same sensitivity as an ILS
-NOT aligned with the runway center line
-if aligned within 30*, straight in minimums may be available
-may have glide slope info (very limited # of these)
-can contain other elements of the ILS
Simplified Directional Facility approach - ANSWER-less sensitive than an ILS, fixed
at 6 degrees or 12degrees
Usually aligned with the runway center line
no glide slope info
can contain other elements of the ILS
GPS approaches: GPS overlay approaches - ANSWER-an approach already exists
but gps databases are loaded with approach information can be used as the primary
means of navigation
GPS approaches: GPS stand alone approaches - ANSWER-the approach is built
specifically for GPS. Title will be labeled "RNAV GPS XX"
ILS Categories I - ANSWER-instrument rated, equipped, current and usually 1/2 mile
or 2400 RVR and DH 200
ILS categories II - ANSWER-special certification, RVR 1200 and DH 100
ILS categories III - ANSWER-special certification, RVR 700 (A), 150 (B), and Zero
(C), and no DH requirement
ILS Localizer - ANSWER--Acts differently than a VOR
-On a traditional VOR head (display) twisting the OBS will NOT change the deviation
indicator
-Which means: the needle will center when you are on course and deflect when off
course and deflect when off course no matter what course is selected
-Lowest frequency: 108.10 (tenth digit is always an odd number) goes to 111.95
Glide slope sensitivity - ANSWER-5.6nm 1 dot = 210', 2 dots = 420'
1.9nm 1 dot = 70', 2 dots = 140'
1.3000' 1 dot = 14', 2 dots = 28'
Initial approach fix (IAF) - ANSWER-where an instrument approach begins if ATC is
unable to provide radar vectors
Intermediate fix (IF) - ANSWER-where established inbound
