GLST 290 COMPLETE LATEST FINAL
EXAM SET BASED WITH QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Political Anthropology - ANS-✅the study of power, authority, and systems of social life
Power - ANS-✅influencing or controlling the behavior of others
Authority - ANS-✅right granted to exercise power
Three Types of Power - ANS-✅Coercive
Persuasive
Hegemonic
Coercive Power - ANS-✅use of force, legitimate or illegitimate, by an individual or group.
Persuasive Power - ANS-✅use of words, relationships, and actions that influence others.
Hegemonic Power - ANS-✅dominance of ideas or cultures that serve to maintain balance in a society
3 Dynamics of Power - ANS-✅Social
Formal
Informal
Social Sanctions - ANS-✅the responses, positive and negative, that people receive for their behavior
Formal Sanctions - ANS-✅approved or delivered by institutions holding official power (fines and other
punishments).
Informal Sanctions - ANS-✅positive or negative actions or words approved or disproved by institution.
Bands - ANS-✅existing of fewer than 100 members, most of whom are related to one another through
kinship. It is also the most ancient political system, possess flexible membership, often hunters and
gatherers, decisions are made by consensus, egalitarian, and conflict resolution happens through
informal sanctions
Tribes - ANS-✅a centralized political system that may be associated with any economic form. Some
characteristics of a tribe include the fact that several tribes may be united as a society by culture,
language, or heritage, they own leadership, can create associations for temporary purpose (war), and
often resolve conflict resolutions informally
Chiefdom/Kingdom - ANS-✅a system of political organization involving an inheritable office, which
usually passes down through the family line. Some characteristics of a chiefdom/kingdom include the
family or individual is authority, the status of the other members of society under king or chief,
consolidate control through coercive means, division of labor more specialized, food surpluses are
redistributed through taxtation, conflict resolution more formalized
States - ANS-✅highly centralized forms of political organizations in which authority rests in institutions
and offices. Power often resides in office not person, and members of society trust the holder of the
office to represent their interests.
What is oligarchy? - ANS-✅Oligarchy is a small group holding power over the majority.
Why is it important for humans to live in groups? - ANS-✅Because of a need for companionship, the
need to stay together to survive (physical weakness, and the amount of time required for physical and
social maturation.
5 Properties of Groups - ANS-✅1. Consists of two or more people
2. Interaction between the people
3. Symbolic objects are present
4. Relation to other people and objects
5. Unit awarness
Cultural Objects - ANS-✅norms, beliefs, and values
, Non-cultural Objects - ANS-✅topics of discussion, political issues, and acts of persons
Primary Groups - ANS-✅small, intimate, and informal
Secondary Groups - ANS-✅utilitarian, formal, and impersonal
Mutually Exclusive Groups - ANS-✅membership in one group excludes membership in another
Overlapping Groups - ANS-✅membership in one group does not preclude membership in another
Small Group - ANS-✅a unit that meets all the criteria of the group, plus each member can give and
receive perceptions of each other and give opinions to each individual.
What is a Community? - ANS-✅A community is a corporate body sharing a sociopolitical identity.
What are the advantages of living in a community? - ANS-✅Safety, companionship, a center of
commerce and trade, etc?
Household as Community - ANS-✅one type of community core and may serve as the community itself
Neighborhood as Community - ANS-✅homesteads, hamlets, villages, towns
City as Community - ANS-✅a cultural center and a center for commerce and trade,
Metropolitan Area - ANS-✅a county having an urban center of 50,000 people or more.
5 Parts of the Interpersonal Pyramid - ANS-✅1. Need satisfaction-the opportunity to have immediate
needs satisfied is a primary force in motivating people to develop new relationships.
2. Trust-individuals must learn to trust and be trusted for positive interpersonal relationships to be
developed
3. Disclosure-process of intentionally making oneself known to the other. This can be practiced in the
context of family. It involves risk.
4. Acceptance-as individuals gain knowledge of each other, they will respond with acceptance or
rejection.
5. Apprenticeship- another ward for discipleship and encourages the other to grow.
Kinship - ANS-✅the way in which people selectively interpret the common human experiences of
reproduction and nurturance. Road map of the structure of interpersonal relationships, and basis of the
social structure in most nonwestern societies
Descent - ANS-✅a societal rule that assigns identity to person based on his or her ancestry.
Unilateral Descent - ANS-✅a kinship system that traces the descent through one side of the family.
Includes patrilineal, matrilineal, and dual descent.
Cognatic Descent - ANS-✅traces descent through both maternal and paternal ancestors. Includes
bilateral and ambilineal.
Patrelineal Descent - ANS-✅descent traced through the father's line
Matrelineal Descent - ANS-✅descent traced through the mother's line
Dual descent - ANS-✅descent traced through both the mother's and father's lines
Bilateral Descent - ANS-✅Kinship is understood to exist equally through both the mother's and father's
lines
Ambilineal Descent - ANS-✅individuals choose a lineage upon reaching adulthood
Affinial Ties - ANS-✅relationships based on marriage ties
Consanguine Ties - ANS-✅kinships tied by bloodline
Fictive Ties - ANS-✅a person is legally, ceremonially, or religiously tied into a kinship group (adoption,
godparents).
Ego - ANS-✅Reference point
Orientation - ANS-✅family into which he was born
Procreation - ANS-✅family formed by marriage
Kin Type - ANS-✅a concept that can be described in every culture (each culture has a father's sister or
aunt
Kin Term - ANS-✅a specific term that refers to one or more kin types.
EXAM SET BASED WITH QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Political Anthropology - ANS-✅the study of power, authority, and systems of social life
Power - ANS-✅influencing or controlling the behavior of others
Authority - ANS-✅right granted to exercise power
Three Types of Power - ANS-✅Coercive
Persuasive
Hegemonic
Coercive Power - ANS-✅use of force, legitimate or illegitimate, by an individual or group.
Persuasive Power - ANS-✅use of words, relationships, and actions that influence others.
Hegemonic Power - ANS-✅dominance of ideas or cultures that serve to maintain balance in a society
3 Dynamics of Power - ANS-✅Social
Formal
Informal
Social Sanctions - ANS-✅the responses, positive and negative, that people receive for their behavior
Formal Sanctions - ANS-✅approved or delivered by institutions holding official power (fines and other
punishments).
Informal Sanctions - ANS-✅positive or negative actions or words approved or disproved by institution.
Bands - ANS-✅existing of fewer than 100 members, most of whom are related to one another through
kinship. It is also the most ancient political system, possess flexible membership, often hunters and
gatherers, decisions are made by consensus, egalitarian, and conflict resolution happens through
informal sanctions
Tribes - ANS-✅a centralized political system that may be associated with any economic form. Some
characteristics of a tribe include the fact that several tribes may be united as a society by culture,
language, or heritage, they own leadership, can create associations for temporary purpose (war), and
often resolve conflict resolutions informally
Chiefdom/Kingdom - ANS-✅a system of political organization involving an inheritable office, which
usually passes down through the family line. Some characteristics of a chiefdom/kingdom include the
family or individual is authority, the status of the other members of society under king or chief,
consolidate control through coercive means, division of labor more specialized, food surpluses are
redistributed through taxtation, conflict resolution more formalized
States - ANS-✅highly centralized forms of political organizations in which authority rests in institutions
and offices. Power often resides in office not person, and members of society trust the holder of the
office to represent their interests.
What is oligarchy? - ANS-✅Oligarchy is a small group holding power over the majority.
Why is it important for humans to live in groups? - ANS-✅Because of a need for companionship, the
need to stay together to survive (physical weakness, and the amount of time required for physical and
social maturation.
5 Properties of Groups - ANS-✅1. Consists of two or more people
2. Interaction between the people
3. Symbolic objects are present
4. Relation to other people and objects
5. Unit awarness
Cultural Objects - ANS-✅norms, beliefs, and values
, Non-cultural Objects - ANS-✅topics of discussion, political issues, and acts of persons
Primary Groups - ANS-✅small, intimate, and informal
Secondary Groups - ANS-✅utilitarian, formal, and impersonal
Mutually Exclusive Groups - ANS-✅membership in one group excludes membership in another
Overlapping Groups - ANS-✅membership in one group does not preclude membership in another
Small Group - ANS-✅a unit that meets all the criteria of the group, plus each member can give and
receive perceptions of each other and give opinions to each individual.
What is a Community? - ANS-✅A community is a corporate body sharing a sociopolitical identity.
What are the advantages of living in a community? - ANS-✅Safety, companionship, a center of
commerce and trade, etc?
Household as Community - ANS-✅one type of community core and may serve as the community itself
Neighborhood as Community - ANS-✅homesteads, hamlets, villages, towns
City as Community - ANS-✅a cultural center and a center for commerce and trade,
Metropolitan Area - ANS-✅a county having an urban center of 50,000 people or more.
5 Parts of the Interpersonal Pyramid - ANS-✅1. Need satisfaction-the opportunity to have immediate
needs satisfied is a primary force in motivating people to develop new relationships.
2. Trust-individuals must learn to trust and be trusted for positive interpersonal relationships to be
developed
3. Disclosure-process of intentionally making oneself known to the other. This can be practiced in the
context of family. It involves risk.
4. Acceptance-as individuals gain knowledge of each other, they will respond with acceptance or
rejection.
5. Apprenticeship- another ward for discipleship and encourages the other to grow.
Kinship - ANS-✅the way in which people selectively interpret the common human experiences of
reproduction and nurturance. Road map of the structure of interpersonal relationships, and basis of the
social structure in most nonwestern societies
Descent - ANS-✅a societal rule that assigns identity to person based on his or her ancestry.
Unilateral Descent - ANS-✅a kinship system that traces the descent through one side of the family.
Includes patrilineal, matrilineal, and dual descent.
Cognatic Descent - ANS-✅traces descent through both maternal and paternal ancestors. Includes
bilateral and ambilineal.
Patrelineal Descent - ANS-✅descent traced through the father's line
Matrelineal Descent - ANS-✅descent traced through the mother's line
Dual descent - ANS-✅descent traced through both the mother's and father's lines
Bilateral Descent - ANS-✅Kinship is understood to exist equally through both the mother's and father's
lines
Ambilineal Descent - ANS-✅individuals choose a lineage upon reaching adulthood
Affinial Ties - ANS-✅relationships based on marriage ties
Consanguine Ties - ANS-✅kinships tied by bloodline
Fictive Ties - ANS-✅a person is legally, ceremonially, or religiously tied into a kinship group (adoption,
godparents).
Ego - ANS-✅Reference point
Orientation - ANS-✅family into which he was born
Procreation - ANS-✅family formed by marriage
Kin Type - ANS-✅a concept that can be described in every culture (each culture has a father's sister or
aunt
Kin Term - ANS-✅a specific term that refers to one or more kin types.
