Inflammation NURS 5315 EXAM 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATE| COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
During the process of endocytosis, the phagosome step results in:
a. Microorganisms are ingested.
b. Microorganisms are killed and digested.
c. Phagocytes recognize and adhere to bacteria.
d. An intracellular phagocytic vacuole is formed ANS: D
Small pseudopods that extend from the plasma membrane and surround the adherent
microorganism, forming an intracellular phagocytic vacuole or phagosome, carry out
engulfment (endocytosis). The membrane that surrounds the phagosome consists of inverted
plasma membrane. After the formation of the phagosome, lysosomes converge, fuse with the
phagosome, and discharge their contents, creating a phagolysosome.
When cellular damage occurs and regeneration is minor with no significant complications, the
process of returning the cells to preinjury function is referred to as:
a. Restoration
b. Resolution
c. Regrowth
d. Replacement ANS: B
,If damage is minor with no complications and destroyed tissues are capable of regeneration,
then returning the injured tissues to an approximation of their original structure and
physiologic function is possible. This restoration is called resolution.
Which cell is the body's primary defense against parasite invasion?
a. Eosinophil
b. Neutrophils
c. T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes ANS: A
Eosinophils serve as the body's primary defense against parasites. T lymphocytes and B
lymphocytes are involved in acquired immunity. Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes
in the early inflammatory site.
Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response? (Select all that apply.)
a. Prostaglandins
b. Leukotrienes
c. Tryptase
d. Phospholipase
e. Bradykinin ANS: A, E
, The only chemical mediators that induce pain during an inflammatory response are the
prostaglandins and bradykinin.
Sebaceous glands protect the body from infection by secreting: (Select all that apply.)
a. Antibacterial fatty acids
b. Antifungal fatty acids
c. Ascorbic acid
d. Lactic acid
e. Hydrochloric acid ANS: A, B, D
Sebaceous glands secrete only antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid.
Which body fluid has the ability to attack the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Perspiration
b. Semen
c. Tears
d. Saliva
e. Urine ANS: A, C, D
WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
During the process of endocytosis, the phagosome step results in:
a. Microorganisms are ingested.
b. Microorganisms are killed and digested.
c. Phagocytes recognize and adhere to bacteria.
d. An intracellular phagocytic vacuole is formed ANS: D
Small pseudopods that extend from the plasma membrane and surround the adherent
microorganism, forming an intracellular phagocytic vacuole or phagosome, carry out
engulfment (endocytosis). The membrane that surrounds the phagosome consists of inverted
plasma membrane. After the formation of the phagosome, lysosomes converge, fuse with the
phagosome, and discharge their contents, creating a phagolysosome.
When cellular damage occurs and regeneration is minor with no significant complications, the
process of returning the cells to preinjury function is referred to as:
a. Restoration
b. Resolution
c. Regrowth
d. Replacement ANS: B
,If damage is minor with no complications and destroyed tissues are capable of regeneration,
then returning the injured tissues to an approximation of their original structure and
physiologic function is possible. This restoration is called resolution.
Which cell is the body's primary defense against parasite invasion?
a. Eosinophil
b. Neutrophils
c. T lymphocytes
d. B lymphocytes ANS: A
Eosinophils serve as the body's primary defense against parasites. T lymphocytes and B
lymphocytes are involved in acquired immunity. Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes
in the early inflammatory site.
Which chemical mediators induce pain during an inflammatory response? (Select all that apply.)
a. Prostaglandins
b. Leukotrienes
c. Tryptase
d. Phospholipase
e. Bradykinin ANS: A, E
, The only chemical mediators that induce pain during an inflammatory response are the
prostaglandins and bradykinin.
Sebaceous glands protect the body from infection by secreting: (Select all that apply.)
a. Antibacterial fatty acids
b. Antifungal fatty acids
c. Ascorbic acid
d. Lactic acid
e. Hydrochloric acid ANS: A, B, D
Sebaceous glands secrete only antibacterial and antifungal fatty acids and lactic acid.
Which body fluid has the ability to attack the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Perspiration
b. Semen
c. Tears
d. Saliva
e. Urine ANS: A, C, D
