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NSG 122 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS HESI FINAL EXAM

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NSG 122 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS HESI FINAL EXAM

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A colostomy permits formed feces in the colon to exit through the stoma (the
opening of the ostomy attached to the skin)
If you have a colostomy or ileostomy, you may have noticed gas in your pouch, which
happens as your bowel begins to function after surgery. The amount of gas varies.
However, if you've always had excessive gas, you'll probably still have it after your
surgery, but in your pouch. Gas can be caused by the foods you eat.


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, Colostomy Gas




Purulent drainage is made up of white blood cells, liquefied dead tissue debris, and
both dead and live bacteria. Purulent drainage is thick, often has a musty or foul odor,
and varies in color (such as dark yellow or green), depending on the causative
organism.


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Abnormal Wound Drainage




The application of heat accelerates the inflammatory response to promote healing.
The application of local heat dilates peripheral blood vessels, increases tissue
metabolism, reduces blood viscosity and increases capillary permeability, reduces
muscle tension, and helps relieve pain. Vasodilation increases local blood flow. In
turn, the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the area is increased, and venous
congestion is decreased
Careful on large parts of the body


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Heat Application




Signs of impending death: Noisy, irregular, or Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Cheyne-Stokes respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by
progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing followed by a gradual
decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea


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, Cheyne Stokes Respirations




High Fowler's Position because accessory muscles can easily be used to promote
respirations


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Dysnpea Positioning




Placement of a tube into the stomach can be accomplished by a surgeon or
gastroenterologist via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or a surgically
(open or laparoscopically) placed gastrostomy tube. PEG tube insertion is often used
because, unlike a traditional, surgically placed gastrostomy tube, it usually does not
require general anesthesia. Use of a PEG tube or other type of gastrostomy tube
requires an intact, functional GI tract. Insertion of a PEG tube involves local
anesthesia, passage of an endoscope into the stomach, a small incision or stab
wound through the skin of the abdomen, pushing a cannula through the small incision,
insertion of a guide wire or suture material through the cannula, and introduction and
placement of the PEG tube through one of several method


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PEG Feedings




Assess volume, color, odor, consistency, shape, and any constituents


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