NSG 6420: Quiz 2 Review Questions Fully Solved.

CAD major risk factors - Answer HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, Microalbuminuria, GFR 60, age (55men, 65 women), Fam hx of premature cardiac dx Etiology of AS - Answer Congenital and senile calcifications AR etiologies - Answer HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular disorders MR etiologies - Answer rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious endocarditis AS characteristics - Answer *increased with pt leaning forward *crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur *radiates to neck *Early systolic "click" Most common cause of AS? - Answer calcification of a normal trileaflet or congenital bicuspid valve MR characteristics - Answer Radiates to chest and axilla *high pitch with blowing quality *pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur MR complications - Answer afib - affects approx 75% with MR systolic embolization bacterial endocarditis Most common cause of MR? - Answer MVP Prophy antibiotics? - Answer invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR and MVP CHF s/sx - Answer Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to frequent cough productive of pink frothy sputum