PEDS HESI Fall 2025 324 Questions With Complete solutions

PEDS HESI Fall 2025 324 Questions With Complete solutions 1-3 year old is capable of what speech - ANSWER-capable of making a 3 word sentence .3 types of acute exacerbations - ANSWER-vaso-occlusive crisis, splenic sequestration, hyperhemolytic crisis, and aplastic crisis. .346. Permethrin is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of scabies. The nurse should give which instruction to the parents regarding the use of this treatment? 1. Apply the lotion to areas of the rash only. 2. Apply the lotion and leave it on for 6 hours. 3. Avoid putting clothes on the child over the lotion. 4. Apply the lotion to cool, dry skin at least 30 minutes after bathing. - ANSWER-4. Rationale: Permethrin is massaged thoroughly and gently into all skin surfaces (not just the areas that have the rash) from the head to the soles of the feet. Care should be taken to avoid contact with the eyes. The lotion should not be applied until at least 30 minutes after bathing and should be applied only to cool, dry skin. The lotion should be kept on for 8 to 14 hours, and then the child should be given a bath. The child should be clothed during the 8 to 14 hours of treatment contact time. .347. The school nurse has provided an instructional session about impetigo to parents of the children attending the school. Which statement, if made by a parent, indicates a need for further in struction? 1. "It is extremely contagious." 2. "It is most common in humid weather." 3. "Lesions most often are located on the arms and chest." 4. "It might show up in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite." - ANSWER-3 Rationale: Impetigo is a contagious bacterial infection of the skin caused by β-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococci, or both. Impetigo is most common during hot, humid summer months. Impetigo may begin in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite or atopic dermatitis. Impetigo is extremely contagious. Lesions usually are located around the mouth and nose, but may be present on the hands and extremities. Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words, need for further instruction. These words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select an option that is an incorrect statement. Think about the pathophysiology associated with impetigo. Knowledge regarding the cause and manifestations of impetigo will direct you to the correct option. .349. A topical corticosteroid is prescribed by the health care provider for a child with atopic dermatitis (eczema). Which instruction should the nurse give the parent about applying the cream? 1. Apply the cream over the entire body. 2. Applya thick layer ofcream to affected areas only. 3. Avoid cleansing the area before application of the cream. 4. Apply a thin layer of cream and rub it into the area thoroughly. - ANSWER-349. 4 Rationale: Atopic dermatitis is a superficial inflammatory process involving primarily the epidermis. A topical corticosteroid may be prescribed and should be applied sparingly (thin layer) and rubbed into the area thoroughly. The affected area should be cleaned gently before application. A topical corticosteroid .350. The school nurse is performing pediculosis capitis (head lice) assessments. Which assessment finding indicates that a child has a "positive" head check? 1. Maculopapular lesions behind the ears 2. Lesions in the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck 3. White flaky particles throughout the entire scalp region 4. White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area - ANSWER- .352. The nurse analyzes the laboratory results of a child with hemophilia. The nurse understands that which result will most likely be abnormal in this child? 1. Platelet count 2. Hematocrit level 3. Hemoglobin level 4. Partial thromboplastin time - ANSWER-352. 4 Rationale: Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders resulting from a deficiency of specific coagulation proteins. Results of tests that measure platelet function are normal; results of tests that measure clotting factor function may be abnormal. Abnormal laboratory results in hemophilia indicate a prolonged partial thromboplastin time. The platelet count, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit level are normal in hemophilia. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, laboratory tests used to monitor hemophilia, and note the strategic words, most likely. Recalling the pathophysiology associated with this disorder and recalling that it results from a deficiency of specific coagulation proteins will direct you to the correct option. Review: Laboratory tests used to monitor h emophilia .353. The nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a 10-year-old child with hemophilia. Which sport activity should the nurse suggest for this child? 1. Soccer 2. Basketball 3. Swimming 4. Field hockey - ANSWER-353. 3 Rationale: Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders resulting from a deficiency of specific coagulation proteins. Children with hemophilia need to avoid contact sports and to take precautions such as wearing elbow and knee pads and helmets with other sports. The safe activity for them is swimming. .354. The nursing student is presenting a clinical conference and discusses the cause of β-thalassemia. The nursing student informs the group that a child at greatest risk of developing this disorder is which of these? 1. A child of Mexican descent 2. A child of Mediterranean descent 3. A child whose intake of iron is extremely poor 4. A breast-fed child of a mother with chronic anemia - ANSWER-354. 2 Rationale: β-Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the reduced production of 1 of the globin chains in the synthesis of hemoglobin (both parents must be carriers to produce a child with β-thalassemia major). This disorder is found primarily in individuals of Mediterranean descent. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect. .355. A child with β-thalassemia is receiving long-term blood transfusion therapy for the treatment of the disorder. Chelation therapy is prescribed as a result of too much iron from the transfusions. Which medication should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed? 1. Fragmin 2. Meropenem 3. Metoprolol 4. Deferoxamine - ANSWER-355. 4 Rationale: β-Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the reduced production of 1 of the globin chains in the synthesis of hemoglobin (both parents must be carriers to produce a child with β-thalassemia major). The major complication of long-term transfusion therapy is hemosiderosis. To prevent organ damage from too much iron, chelation therapy with either Exjade or deferoxamine may be prescribed. Deferoxamine is classified as an antidote for acute iron toxicity. Fragmin is an anticoagulant used as prophylaxis for postoperative deep vein thrombosis.Meropenem is an antibiotic. Metoprolol is a beta blocker used to treat hypertension. .356. The clinic nurse instructs parents of a child with sickle cell anemia about the precipitating factors related to sickle cell crisis. Which, if identified by the parents as a precipitating factor, indicates the need for further instruction? 1. Stress 2. Trauma 3. Infection 4. Fluid overload - ANSWER-356. 4 Rationale: Sickle cell crises are acute exacerbations of the disease, which vary considerably in severity and frequency; these include vaso-occlusive crisis, splenic sequestration, hyperhemolytic crisis, and aplastic crisis. Sickle cell crisis may be precipitated by infection, dehydration, hypoxia, trauma, or physical or emotional stress. The mother of a child with sickle cell disease should encourage fluid intake of 1½ to 2 times the daily requirement to prevent dehydration. .357. A 10-year-old child with hemophilia A has slipped on the ice and bumped his knee. The nurse should prepare to administer which prescription? 1. Injection of factor X 2. Intravenous infusion of iron 3. Intravenous infusion of factor VIII 4. Intramuscular injection of iron using the Z-track method - ANSWER-357. 3 Rationa le: Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders resulting from a deficiency of specific coagulation proteins. The primary treatment is replacement of the missing clotting factor; additional medications, such as agents to relieve pain, may be prescribed depending on the source of bleeding from the disorder. A child with hemophilia A is at risk for joint bleeding after a fall. Factor VIII would be prescribed intravenously to replace the missing clotting factor and minimize the bleeding. Factor X and iron are not used to treat children with hemophilia A. .358. The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with iron deficiency anemia regarding the administration of a liquid oral iron supplement. Which instruction should the nurse tell the parents? 1. Administer the iron at mealtimes. 2. Administer the iron through a straw. 3. Mix the iron with cereal to administer. 4. Add the iron to formula for easy administration -