PLTW Principles of Biomedical Science
Exam Final
/. Virus - Answer-A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a
living cell.
/.Vein - Answer-A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart chambers.
/.Valve - Answer-A body structure that temporarily closes a passage or orifice, or
permits movement of fluid in only one direction.
/.Type 1 Diabetes - Answer-Body does not produce insulin, starving cells of energy.
/.Type 2 Diabetes - Answer-A type of diabetes characterized by decreased insulin levels
or decreased receptor sensitivity.
/.Tricuspid Valve - Answer-A valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of
the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but
consists of three triangular membranous flaps.
/.Transmission - Answer-Means by which an infectious agent travels from a portal of exit
to a portal of entry. May be direct or indirect..
/.Translation - Answer-The process whereby genetic information coded in messenger
RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
/.Transfer RNA - Answer-Carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the
growing protein.
/.Transcription - Answer-The organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is
copied into mRNA
/.Tissue - Answer-A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
/.Thymine - Answer-A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in
DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. Pairs with Adenine.
/.Thrombocytes - Answer-Aid in the coagulation of blood, aka platelets
/.T Lymphocytes - Answer-These lymphocytes detect & destroy invading agents.
, /.Systolic Pressure - Answer-Pressure in the arteries when ventricles contract (first
sound heard when taking blood pressure, and top number in b/p), Blood pressure in the
arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
/.Systole - Answer-Contraction phase of the heartbeat
/.Systemic Circulation - Answer-One of the two main branches of circulation. Blood flow
between the heart and the body(excluding lungs).
/.System - Answer-A group of body organs or structures that together perform one or
more vital functions.
/.Superior Vena Cava - Answer-A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body
and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.
/.Stroke - Answer-A loss of blood supply to some part of the brain, resulting in disruption
of some aspect of behavior or mental processes.
/.Stenting - Answer-expandable tubes of metallic mesh that are inserted to preserve
luminal space; permanently placed.
/.Spirillum - Answer-A rigid, spiral-shaped bacterium.
/.Sphygmomanometer - Answer-An instrument used to measure blood pressure.
/.Solvent - Answer-A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances.
/.Solution - Answer-A mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another.
/.Solute - Answer-A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
/.Sinoatrial (SA) Node - Answer-"Pacemaker" in the right atrium that initiates each
heartbeat and determines heart rate.
/.Sickle Cell Disease - Answer-A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele
that results in the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein;
characterized by deformed red blood cells that can lead to numerous symptoms.
/.Sex Chromosome - Answer-A pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine
whether a person is male or female.
/.Adenine - Answer-A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as
ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base. Pairs with Thymine.
/.ATP - Answer-(Adenosine triphosphate) Main energy source that cells use for most of
their work.
Exam Final
/. Virus - Answer-A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a
living cell.
/.Vein - Answer-A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart chambers.
/.Valve - Answer-A body structure that temporarily closes a passage or orifice, or
permits movement of fluid in only one direction.
/.Type 1 Diabetes - Answer-Body does not produce insulin, starving cells of energy.
/.Type 2 Diabetes - Answer-A type of diabetes characterized by decreased insulin levels
or decreased receptor sensitivity.
/.Tricuspid Valve - Answer-A valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of
the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but
consists of three triangular membranous flaps.
/.Transmission - Answer-Means by which an infectious agent travels from a portal of exit
to a portal of entry. May be direct or indirect..
/.Translation - Answer-The process whereby genetic information coded in messenger
RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
/.Transfer RNA - Answer-Carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the
growing protein.
/.Transcription - Answer-The organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is
copied into mRNA
/.Tissue - Answer-A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
/.Thymine - Answer-A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in
DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. Pairs with Adenine.
/.Thrombocytes - Answer-Aid in the coagulation of blood, aka platelets
/.T Lymphocytes - Answer-These lymphocytes detect & destroy invading agents.
, /.Systolic Pressure - Answer-Pressure in the arteries when ventricles contract (first
sound heard when taking blood pressure, and top number in b/p), Blood pressure in the
arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
/.Systole - Answer-Contraction phase of the heartbeat
/.Systemic Circulation - Answer-One of the two main branches of circulation. Blood flow
between the heart and the body(excluding lungs).
/.System - Answer-A group of body organs or structures that together perform one or
more vital functions.
/.Superior Vena Cava - Answer-A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body
and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.
/.Stroke - Answer-A loss of blood supply to some part of the brain, resulting in disruption
of some aspect of behavior or mental processes.
/.Stenting - Answer-expandable tubes of metallic mesh that are inserted to preserve
luminal space; permanently placed.
/.Spirillum - Answer-A rigid, spiral-shaped bacterium.
/.Sphygmomanometer - Answer-An instrument used to measure blood pressure.
/.Solvent - Answer-A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances.
/.Solution - Answer-A mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another.
/.Solute - Answer-A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
/.Sinoatrial (SA) Node - Answer-"Pacemaker" in the right atrium that initiates each
heartbeat and determines heart rate.
/.Sickle Cell Disease - Answer-A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele
that results in the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein;
characterized by deformed red blood cells that can lead to numerous symptoms.
/.Sex Chromosome - Answer-A pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine
whether a person is male or female.
/.Adenine - Answer-A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as
ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base. Pairs with Thymine.
/.ATP - Answer-(Adenosine triphosphate) Main energy source that cells use for most of
their work.
