JEPPESEN PRIVATE PILOT GLOSSARY
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
ANSWERS
GREAT CIRCLE ✅✅ANSW-the largest circle that can be drawn on the earth's surface. passes
through the center of the earth dividing it into two equal parts.
GROUND EFFECT ✅✅ANSW-usually beneficial influence on aircraft performance that occurs
while you are flying close to the ground. results from a reduction in upwash, downwash and wingtip
vortices that provide a corresponding decrease in induced drag.
GROUNDSPEED (GS) ✅✅ANSW-speed of the aircraft in relation to the ground.
HAZARDOUS IN FLIGHT WEATHER ADVISORY SERVICE (HIWAS) ✅✅ANSW-continuous recordings
of hazardous weather information broadcast over selected VORs.
HEADING ✅✅ANSW-the direction in which the longitudinal axis of the airplane points with
respect to true or magnetic north. equal to course plus or minus any wind correction angle.
HEADWIND COMPONENT ✅✅ANSW-part of the wind that acts directly on the front of the aircraft
and decreases its groundspeed.
HECTOPASCAL (hPa) ✅✅ANSW-the metric equivalent of a millibar.
HIGH PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE ✅✅ANSW-an airplane that has an engine with more than 200
horsepower.
HOMING ✅✅ANSW-a method of navigating to an NDB by holding a zero relative bearing.
HUMIDITY ✅✅ANSW-amount of water vapor in the air.
,HYPERVENTILATION ✅✅ANSW-the excessive ventilation of the lungs caused by very rapid and
deep breathing, which results in an excessive loss of carbon dioxide from the body.
HYPOXIA ✅✅ANSW-the effects on the human body of an insufficient supply of oxygen.
INDICATED AIRSPEED (IAS) ✅✅ANSW-the speed of an aircraft as shown on the airspeed indicator.
INDICATED ALTITUDE ✅✅ANSW-the altitude shown by an altimeter set to the current altimeter
setting.
INDUCED DRAG ✅✅ANSW-part of total drag that is created by the production of lift. increases
with a decrease in airspeed.
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR) ✅✅ANSW-rules that govern the procedure for conducting flight
in weather conditions below VFR weather minimums. the term IFR also is used to define weather
conditions and the type of flight plan under which an aircraft is operating.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ATMOSPHERE (ISA) ✅✅ANSW-standard atmospheric conditions
consisting of a temperature of 59 degrees (F) (15 degrees C), and a barometric pressure of 29.92 in.
Hg. at sea level. ISA values can be calculated for various altitudes using standard lapse rate.
INVERSION ✅✅ANSW-an increase in temperature with altitude.
ISOBAR ✅✅ANSW-a line that connects points of equal barometric pressure.
ISOGONIC LINES ✅✅ANSW-lines on charts that connect points of equal magnetic variation.
JET STREAM ✅✅ANSW-a narrow band of winds with speeds of 100 to 200 mph occurring
between approximately 32,000 and 49,000 feet.
KATABATIC WIND ✅✅ANSW-any downslope wind usually stronger than a mountain breeze. can
either be warm or cold.
, LAND BREEZE ✅✅ANSW-a coastal breeze blowing from land to sea caused by temperature
difference when the sea surface is warmer than the adjacent land. the land breeze usually occurs at
night and alternates with a sea breeze, which blows in the opposite direction by day.
LAPSE RATE ✅✅ANSW-the rate of decrease of an atmospheric variable with altitude.
LATERAL STABILITY ✅✅ANSW-stability about the longitudinal axis.
LATITUDE ✅✅ANSW-measurement north or south of the equator in degrees, minutes, and
seconds. lines of latitude are also called parallels.
LEARNER CENTERED GRADING ✅✅ANSW-an evaluation/teaching technique in which a student
and instructor independently assess student performance and then compare their findings.
LIFT ✅✅ANSW-an upward force created by the effect of airflow as it passes over and under the
wing.
LOAD FACTOR ✅✅ANSW-the ratio of the load supported by the airplane's wings to the actual
weight of the aircraft and its contents.
LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY (LAA) ✅✅ANSW-advisory service provided to pilots by an FSS at
airports without an operating control tower. information includes known traffic and weather
conditions.
LONG RANGE NAVIGATION (LORAN) ✅✅ANSW-a now decommissioned navigational system by
which lines of position were determined by measuring the difference in the time of reception of
synchronized pulse signals from fixed long wave transmitters on the ground.
LONGITUDE ✅✅ANSW-measurement east or west of the prime meridian in degrees, minutes and
seconds. also called meridians. the prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude and runs through
Greenwich, England.
LONGITUDINAL STABILITY ✅✅ANSW-stability about the lateral axis. A desirable characteristic of
an airplane whereby it tends to return to its trimmed angle of attack after displacement.
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
ANSWERS
GREAT CIRCLE ✅✅ANSW-the largest circle that can be drawn on the earth's surface. passes
through the center of the earth dividing it into two equal parts.
GROUND EFFECT ✅✅ANSW-usually beneficial influence on aircraft performance that occurs
while you are flying close to the ground. results from a reduction in upwash, downwash and wingtip
vortices that provide a corresponding decrease in induced drag.
GROUNDSPEED (GS) ✅✅ANSW-speed of the aircraft in relation to the ground.
HAZARDOUS IN FLIGHT WEATHER ADVISORY SERVICE (HIWAS) ✅✅ANSW-continuous recordings
of hazardous weather information broadcast over selected VORs.
HEADING ✅✅ANSW-the direction in which the longitudinal axis of the airplane points with
respect to true or magnetic north. equal to course plus or minus any wind correction angle.
HEADWIND COMPONENT ✅✅ANSW-part of the wind that acts directly on the front of the aircraft
and decreases its groundspeed.
HECTOPASCAL (hPa) ✅✅ANSW-the metric equivalent of a millibar.
HIGH PERFORMANCE AIRPLANE ✅✅ANSW-an airplane that has an engine with more than 200
horsepower.
HOMING ✅✅ANSW-a method of navigating to an NDB by holding a zero relative bearing.
HUMIDITY ✅✅ANSW-amount of water vapor in the air.
,HYPERVENTILATION ✅✅ANSW-the excessive ventilation of the lungs caused by very rapid and
deep breathing, which results in an excessive loss of carbon dioxide from the body.
HYPOXIA ✅✅ANSW-the effects on the human body of an insufficient supply of oxygen.
INDICATED AIRSPEED (IAS) ✅✅ANSW-the speed of an aircraft as shown on the airspeed indicator.
INDICATED ALTITUDE ✅✅ANSW-the altitude shown by an altimeter set to the current altimeter
setting.
INDUCED DRAG ✅✅ANSW-part of total drag that is created by the production of lift. increases
with a decrease in airspeed.
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR) ✅✅ANSW-rules that govern the procedure for conducting flight
in weather conditions below VFR weather minimums. the term IFR also is used to define weather
conditions and the type of flight plan under which an aircraft is operating.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ATMOSPHERE (ISA) ✅✅ANSW-standard atmospheric conditions
consisting of a temperature of 59 degrees (F) (15 degrees C), and a barometric pressure of 29.92 in.
Hg. at sea level. ISA values can be calculated for various altitudes using standard lapse rate.
INVERSION ✅✅ANSW-an increase in temperature with altitude.
ISOBAR ✅✅ANSW-a line that connects points of equal barometric pressure.
ISOGONIC LINES ✅✅ANSW-lines on charts that connect points of equal magnetic variation.
JET STREAM ✅✅ANSW-a narrow band of winds with speeds of 100 to 200 mph occurring
between approximately 32,000 and 49,000 feet.
KATABATIC WIND ✅✅ANSW-any downslope wind usually stronger than a mountain breeze. can
either be warm or cold.
, LAND BREEZE ✅✅ANSW-a coastal breeze blowing from land to sea caused by temperature
difference when the sea surface is warmer than the adjacent land. the land breeze usually occurs at
night and alternates with a sea breeze, which blows in the opposite direction by day.
LAPSE RATE ✅✅ANSW-the rate of decrease of an atmospheric variable with altitude.
LATERAL STABILITY ✅✅ANSW-stability about the longitudinal axis.
LATITUDE ✅✅ANSW-measurement north or south of the equator in degrees, minutes, and
seconds. lines of latitude are also called parallels.
LEARNER CENTERED GRADING ✅✅ANSW-an evaluation/teaching technique in which a student
and instructor independently assess student performance and then compare their findings.
LIFT ✅✅ANSW-an upward force created by the effect of airflow as it passes over and under the
wing.
LOAD FACTOR ✅✅ANSW-the ratio of the load supported by the airplane's wings to the actual
weight of the aircraft and its contents.
LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY (LAA) ✅✅ANSW-advisory service provided to pilots by an FSS at
airports without an operating control tower. information includes known traffic and weather
conditions.
LONG RANGE NAVIGATION (LORAN) ✅✅ANSW-a now decommissioned navigational system by
which lines of position were determined by measuring the difference in the time of reception of
synchronized pulse signals from fixed long wave transmitters on the ground.
LONGITUDE ✅✅ANSW-measurement east or west of the prime meridian in degrees, minutes and
seconds. also called meridians. the prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude and runs through
Greenwich, England.
LONGITUDINAL STABILITY ✅✅ANSW-stability about the lateral axis. A desirable characteristic of
an airplane whereby it tends to return to its trimmed angle of attack after displacement.
