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NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM |250 QUESTIONS with verified solutions

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NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM |250 QUESTIONS with verified solutions

Institution
NURS 231
Course
NURS 231











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Institution
NURS 231
Course
NURS 231

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April 14, 2025
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2024/2025
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NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL
EXAM with verified solutions
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - correct answer ✔False
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Barrett esophagus |||||




||||| is an example of dysplasia - correct answer ✔false
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hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




in the number of cells - correct answer ✔True
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Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - correct answer ✔True
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proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease - correct ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




answer ✔sensitivity |||||




how likely the same result will occur if repeated - correct answer ✔reliability
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how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - correct answer ✔validity
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people without the disease who are negative on a given test - correct answer
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✔specificity

,Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - correct answer ✔it includes
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




peroxisomes and proteasomes ||||| |||||




Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - correct answer
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✔1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
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2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔1:
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Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
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2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
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3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
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Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - correct answer ✔1:
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They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
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2:They control free radicals. ||||| ||||| |||||




High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - correct answer
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




✔pathophysiology


A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




these examples of? - correct answer ✔signs and symptoms
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Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - correct answer ✔If
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not have a disease ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||

,Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? - ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




correct answer ✔Etiologic factors ||||| ||||| |||||




Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - correct answer ✔Tertiary
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One example is the use of
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk of
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




a future event or death.
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Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - correct answer ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




✔In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles,
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




and its color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow.
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It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




is rapid.
||||| |||||




Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




necrosis. - correct answer ✔necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




being apart of a living person. An example of this would be luiquefactive
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




sunburn - correct answer ✔radiation injury ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




obesity - correct answer ✔nutritional imbalances ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




reactive oxygen species - correct answer ✔free radical injury ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||

, low oxygen to tissues - correct answer ✔hypoxic cell injury
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




fractures - correct answer ✔physical agents ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




OTC drugs - correct answer ✔Chemical injury
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hypothermia - correct answer ✔physical agents ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




radiation treatment - correct answer ✔radiation injury ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




lead toxicity - correct answer ✔chemical injury
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




bacteria - correct answer ✔biologic agents ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




example of each. - correct answer ✔Epithelial tissue- covers the body's outer
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surface, it is avascular and gets its o2 from the capillaries found in the
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neighboring connective tissues, and example of this is simple squamous tissue ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




which means one layer of thin cells.
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Muscular tissue |||||




Nervous tissue- is found all throughout the body, helps with communication
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between tissues and the central nervous system. it aids in the functions of the
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body due to internal and external stimuli, helps with movement, and electrical
||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




signaling. neurons are an example of this, they aid in communicating to other ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| ||||| |||||




cells in the body, they are held and supported by glial cells.
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Connective tissue |||||

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