NCLEX - Pediatrics Gastrointestinal
Exam Elaborated and Complete 100 %
Rated |Already Graded A+
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an infant suspected of having hypertrophic pyloric
stenosis. Which acid-base disorder would the nurse expect to note in the infant?
1.Metabolic acidosis
2.Metabolic alkalosis
3.Respiratory acidosis
4.Respiratory alkalosis
2.Metabolic alkalosis
Laboratory findings in an infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis include metabolic alkalosis as a result
of the vomiting (depletes acid) that occurs in this disorder. Additional findings include decreased serum
potassium and sodium levels, increased pH and bicarbonate, and decreased chloride level
A child with a diagnosis of a hernia has been scheduled for a surgical repair in 2 weeks. The nurse
reinforces instructions to the parents about the signs of possible incarcerated hernia. The nurse tells the
parents that which manifestation requires primary health care provider (PHCP) notification by the
parents?
1.Pain
,2.Diarrhea
3.Constipation
4.Increased flatus
1.Pain
The parents of a child with a hernia need to be instructed about the signs of an incarcerated hernia.
These signs include irritability, tenderness at the site of the hernia, anorexia, abdominal distension, and
difficulty defecating. The parents should be instructed to contact the PHCP immediately if an
incarcerated hernia is suspected. These signs may lead to a complete intestinal obstruction and
gangrene. Diarrhea, increased flatus and constipation are not associated with an incarcerated hernia.
The nurse provides instructions to the mother of an infant with cleft palate regarding feeding. Which
statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
1."I need to allow my infant time to swallow."
2."I need to use a nipple with a small hole to prevent choking."
3."I need to stimulate sucking by rubbing the nipple on the lower lip."
4."I need to allow my infant to rest frequently to provide time for swallowing what has been placed in
the mouth."
2."I need to use a nipple with a small hole to prevent choking."
,The mother should be taught the ESSR method of feeding the child with a cleft palate: ENLARGE the
nipple by cross-cutting a hole so that food is delivered to the back of the throat without sucking;
STIMULATE sucking by rubbing the nipple on the lower lip; SWALLOW; then REST to allow the infant to
finish swallowing what has been placed in the mouth
A mother brings her 5-month-old daughter into the pediatrician's office with complaints that the child
has been vomiting during feedings. The mother also states that the child is sometimes very fussy. Which
should be the nurse's initial action?
1.Assess the child's growth status.
2.Obtain a complete history of the child's feeding habits.
3.Assess whether any other children in the family have had the same problem.
4.Explain to the mother that the primary health care provider will prescribe a barium swallow and upper
gastrointestinal (GI) series.
2.Obtain a complete history of the child's feeding habits.
In most situations, a complete history and physical examination of the child is the initial step in
diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease. The child's feeding habits will give the nurse an indicator of
the growth status. The child is weighed and measured after the initial interview is completed with the
parent. Hereditary factors are not the priority. Further diagnostic studies may be prescribed but only
after a complete history is obtained.
, An infant returns to the nursing unit following surgery for an esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal
fistula (TEF). The infant is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids, and a gastrostomy tube is in place. The nurse
assisting in caring for the infant should ensure that which action is done to the gastrostomy tube?
1.Elevated
2.Placed to gravity
3.Attached to low suction
4.Taped to the bed linens
1.Elevated
In the immediate postoperative period, the gastrostomy tube is elevated, allowing gastric contents to
pass to the small intestine and air to escape. This promotes comfort and decreases the risk of leakage at
the anastomosis. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect
The nurse prepares to administer a pancreatic enzyme powder to the child with cystic fibrosis (CF).
Which food item should the nurse mix with the medication?
1.Tapioca
2.Applesauce
3.Hot oatmeal
4.Mashed potatoes
Exam Elaborated and Complete 100 %
Rated |Already Graded A+
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an infant suspected of having hypertrophic pyloric
stenosis. Which acid-base disorder would the nurse expect to note in the infant?
1.Metabolic acidosis
2.Metabolic alkalosis
3.Respiratory acidosis
4.Respiratory alkalosis
2.Metabolic alkalosis
Laboratory findings in an infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis include metabolic alkalosis as a result
of the vomiting (depletes acid) that occurs in this disorder. Additional findings include decreased serum
potassium and sodium levels, increased pH and bicarbonate, and decreased chloride level
A child with a diagnosis of a hernia has been scheduled for a surgical repair in 2 weeks. The nurse
reinforces instructions to the parents about the signs of possible incarcerated hernia. The nurse tells the
parents that which manifestation requires primary health care provider (PHCP) notification by the
parents?
1.Pain
,2.Diarrhea
3.Constipation
4.Increased flatus
1.Pain
The parents of a child with a hernia need to be instructed about the signs of an incarcerated hernia.
These signs include irritability, tenderness at the site of the hernia, anorexia, abdominal distension, and
difficulty defecating. The parents should be instructed to contact the PHCP immediately if an
incarcerated hernia is suspected. These signs may lead to a complete intestinal obstruction and
gangrene. Diarrhea, increased flatus and constipation are not associated with an incarcerated hernia.
The nurse provides instructions to the mother of an infant with cleft palate regarding feeding. Which
statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
1."I need to allow my infant time to swallow."
2."I need to use a nipple with a small hole to prevent choking."
3."I need to stimulate sucking by rubbing the nipple on the lower lip."
4."I need to allow my infant to rest frequently to provide time for swallowing what has been placed in
the mouth."
2."I need to use a nipple with a small hole to prevent choking."
,The mother should be taught the ESSR method of feeding the child with a cleft palate: ENLARGE the
nipple by cross-cutting a hole so that food is delivered to the back of the throat without sucking;
STIMULATE sucking by rubbing the nipple on the lower lip; SWALLOW; then REST to allow the infant to
finish swallowing what has been placed in the mouth
A mother brings her 5-month-old daughter into the pediatrician's office with complaints that the child
has been vomiting during feedings. The mother also states that the child is sometimes very fussy. Which
should be the nurse's initial action?
1.Assess the child's growth status.
2.Obtain a complete history of the child's feeding habits.
3.Assess whether any other children in the family have had the same problem.
4.Explain to the mother that the primary health care provider will prescribe a barium swallow and upper
gastrointestinal (GI) series.
2.Obtain a complete history of the child's feeding habits.
In most situations, a complete history and physical examination of the child is the initial step in
diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease. The child's feeding habits will give the nurse an indicator of
the growth status. The child is weighed and measured after the initial interview is completed with the
parent. Hereditary factors are not the priority. Further diagnostic studies may be prescribed but only
after a complete history is obtained.
, An infant returns to the nursing unit following surgery for an esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal
fistula (TEF). The infant is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids, and a gastrostomy tube is in place. The nurse
assisting in caring for the infant should ensure that which action is done to the gastrostomy tube?
1.Elevated
2.Placed to gravity
3.Attached to low suction
4.Taped to the bed linens
1.Elevated
In the immediate postoperative period, the gastrostomy tube is elevated, allowing gastric contents to
pass to the small intestine and air to escape. This promotes comfort and decreases the risk of leakage at
the anastomosis. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect
The nurse prepares to administer a pancreatic enzyme powder to the child with cystic fibrosis (CF).
Which food item should the nurse mix with the medication?
1.Tapioca
2.Applesauce
3.Hot oatmeal
4.Mashed potatoes
