2025 RN Adult Med Surg Exam | RN Adult Med Surg Practice
Exam with NGN Questions and Answers Latest 2025/2026,
Excellent Doc Rated A+
A nurse is caring for a client who has a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain in place after surgery
for an open reduction and internal fixation. The nurse should understand that the JP
drain was placed for which of the following purposes?
a. To prevent fluid from accumulating in the wound
b. To limit the amount of bleeding from the surgical site
c. To provide a means for medication administration
d. To eliminate the need for wound irrigations
ANSWER: a. To prevent fluid from accumulating in the wound.
The purpose of a JP drain is to promote healing by draining fluid from a wound. This
prevents pooling of blood and fluid, which can contribute to discomfort, delay healing,
and provide a medium for infection. The JP drainage tube is threaded through the skin
into the wound near the surgical incision and is held in place by sutures.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize
that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that
apply.)
Hypertension
Tremors
Moon face
Purple striations
Buffalo hump
Hypertension is correct.
Hypertension is a manifestation of Cushing's syndrome, caused by the presence of
excess glucocorticoids.
Moon face is correct.
1|Page
,Moon face, which is manifested by a round, red, full face, is a common manifestation of
Cushing's syndrome.
Purple striations is correct.
Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts are common
manifestations of Cushing's syndrome.
Buffalo hump is correct.
Buffalo hump, which is a collection of fat between the shoulder blades, is a common
manifestation of Cushing's syndrome.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has cystitis. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
a. Instruct the client to take antibiotics until dysuria is no longer present.
b. Instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages.
The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages
and caffeine to reduce bladder irritation.
c. Instruct the client to drink 240 mL of tomato juice each day.
d. Instruct the client to drink 1 L of fluid each day.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 48 hr postoperative following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
a. Blood pressure 102/66 mm Hg
b. Straw-colored urine from an indwelling urinary catheter
c. Yellow-green drainage on the surgical incision
Thick yellow-green drainage is indicative of an infection and should be reported
immediately.
d. Respiratory rate 18/min
2|Page
,A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium
oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in
the teaching?
a. Drink 3 L of fluid every day.
The nurse should instruct the client to drink at least 3 to 4 L of fluid every day to
dilute the urine and reduce the risk for stone formation.
b. Take 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily.
c. Restrict calcium intake to one serving per day.
d. Eat 12 oz of animal protein daily.
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Increased heart rate
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have
tachycardia and increased cardiac contractility in response to the excess fluid.
Increased blood pressure
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have
increased blood pressure and bounding pulse in response to the excess fluid.
Increased respiratory rate
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have increase
in respiratory rate and moist crackles heard in lungs.
Increase hematocrit
Increased temperature
3|Page
, A nurse is assessing four clients for fluid balance. The nurse should identify that which
of the following clients is exhibiting manifestations of dehydration?
a. A client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.010.
b. A client who has a weight gain of 2.2 kg (2 lb) in 24 hr.
c. A client who has a hematocrit of 45%
d. A client who has a temperature of 39° C (102° F)
This temperature is greater than the expected reference range of 36° C (96.8° F)
to 37° C (98.6° F). An elevated temperature is a manifestation of dehydration.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is receiving opioid medications to manage discomfort.
Aside from managing pain, which of the following desired effects of medications should
the nurse identify as most important for the client's recovery?
a. It decreases the client's level of anxiety.
b. It facilitates the client's deep breathing.
When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the nurse
should identify facilitation of deep breathing as the most important desired effect
of opioids aside from pain relief. Following thoracic type surgeries, the client's
has increased pain with moving, deep breathing and coughing. Opioid
medications help minimize the discomfort experienced with deep breathing and
coughing which prevents the development of postoperative pneumonia. The
nurse should also encourage the client to splint his incision to help minimize pain.
c. It enhances the client's ability to sleep.
d. It reduces the client's blood pressure.
4|Page
Exam with NGN Questions and Answers Latest 2025/2026,
Excellent Doc Rated A+
A nurse is caring for a client who has a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain in place after surgery
for an open reduction and internal fixation. The nurse should understand that the JP
drain was placed for which of the following purposes?
a. To prevent fluid from accumulating in the wound
b. To limit the amount of bleeding from the surgical site
c. To provide a means for medication administration
d. To eliminate the need for wound irrigations
ANSWER: a. To prevent fluid from accumulating in the wound.
The purpose of a JP drain is to promote healing by draining fluid from a wound. This
prevents pooling of blood and fluid, which can contribute to discomfort, delay healing,
and provide a medium for infection. The JP drainage tube is threaded through the skin
into the wound near the surgical incision and is held in place by sutures.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize
that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that
apply.)
Hypertension
Tremors
Moon face
Purple striations
Buffalo hump
Hypertension is correct.
Hypertension is a manifestation of Cushing's syndrome, caused by the presence of
excess glucocorticoids.
Moon face is correct.
1|Page
,Moon face, which is manifested by a round, red, full face, is a common manifestation of
Cushing's syndrome.
Purple striations is correct.
Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts are common
manifestations of Cushing's syndrome.
Buffalo hump is correct.
Buffalo hump, which is a collection of fat between the shoulder blades, is a common
manifestation of Cushing's syndrome.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has cystitis. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
a. Instruct the client to take antibiotics until dysuria is no longer present.
b. Instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages.
The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages
and caffeine to reduce bladder irritation.
c. Instruct the client to drink 240 mL of tomato juice each day.
d. Instruct the client to drink 1 L of fluid each day.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 48 hr postoperative following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
a. Blood pressure 102/66 mm Hg
b. Straw-colored urine from an indwelling urinary catheter
c. Yellow-green drainage on the surgical incision
Thick yellow-green drainage is indicative of an infection and should be reported
immediately.
d. Respiratory rate 18/min
2|Page
,A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium
oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in
the teaching?
a. Drink 3 L of fluid every day.
The nurse should instruct the client to drink at least 3 to 4 L of fluid every day to
dilute the urine and reduce the risk for stone formation.
b. Take 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily.
c. Restrict calcium intake to one serving per day.
d. Eat 12 oz of animal protein daily.
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Increased heart rate
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have
tachycardia and increased cardiac contractility in response to the excess fluid.
Increased blood pressure
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have
increased blood pressure and bounding pulse in response to the excess fluid.
Increased respiratory rate
The nurse should expect the client who has fluid volume excess to have increase
in respiratory rate and moist crackles heard in lungs.
Increase hematocrit
Increased temperature
3|Page
, A nurse is assessing four clients for fluid balance. The nurse should identify that which
of the following clients is exhibiting manifestations of dehydration?
a. A client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.010.
b. A client who has a weight gain of 2.2 kg (2 lb) in 24 hr.
c. A client who has a hematocrit of 45%
d. A client who has a temperature of 39° C (102° F)
This temperature is greater than the expected reference range of 36° C (96.8° F)
to 37° C (98.6° F). An elevated temperature is a manifestation of dehydration.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is receiving opioid medications to manage discomfort.
Aside from managing pain, which of the following desired effects of medications should
the nurse identify as most important for the client's recovery?
a. It decreases the client's level of anxiety.
b. It facilitates the client's deep breathing.
When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the nurse
should identify facilitation of deep breathing as the most important desired effect
of opioids aside from pain relief. Following thoracic type surgeries, the client's
has increased pain with moving, deep breathing and coughing. Opioid
medications help minimize the discomfort experienced with deep breathing and
coughing which prevents the development of postoperative pneumonia. The
nurse should also encourage the client to splint his incision to help minimize pain.
c. It enhances the client's ability to sleep.
d. It reduces the client's blood pressure.
4|Page
