PHYSIOLOGY WILEY PLUS QUESTIONS
(FINAL EXAM) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT!!!
Choose a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red
blood cells. - ANSWER✔✔ erythropoietin
Which of the following would necessarily characterize a solute in the glomerular
(Bowman's) capsule? - ANSWER✔✔ small
Explanation: only small solutes and water make it into filtered fluid, NOT proteins
or macromolecules
Calculate net filtration pressure when Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
(PGC) = 55 mmHg, Bowman's space hydrostatic pressure (PBS) = 15 mm Hg, and
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure = 30 mm Hg. - ANSWER✔✔ 10 mmHg
Explanation: Net filtration pressure = glomerular capillary blood pressure -
(plasma‐colloid osmotic pressure + Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure)
Identify the correct tubuloglomerular feedback response to increased glomerular
filtration rate. - ANSWER✔✔ constriction of the afferent arteriole
Explanation: constriction of the afferent arteriole will limit blood plasma passing
through the glomerulus
, Assuming GFR is 180 liters per day, which substance would be completely
reabsorbed (returned to blood)? - ANSWER✔✔ glucose
Explanation: 100% of glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
Which of the following drives obligatory water reabsorption? - ANSWER✔✔
reabsorption of solutes
Explanation: generates an osmotic gradient, promoting diffusion of water into the
peritubular capillary via osmosis
How does alcohol affect renal function? - ANSWER✔✔ decreased ADH secretion,
more dilute urine
In forming dilute urine, the osmolarity of the fluid in the tubular lumen _______ as
it flows down the descending limb of the nephron loop and _______ as it flows up
the ascending limb. - ANSWER✔✔ increases, decreases
Explanation: water is reabsorbed as the tubular fluid travels down the descending
limb, causing the osmolarity to increase. However, solutes are reabsorbed as the
tubular fluid flows up the ascending limb, but water cannot follow because this
region has very low water permeability. As a result, osmolarity of the tubular fluid
decreases as it flows up the ascending limb.
Which urinalysis indicates altered body metabolism or kidney function? -
ANSWER✔✔ glucose present
Explanation: 100% of glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
(FINAL EXAM) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT!!!
Choose a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red
blood cells. - ANSWER✔✔ erythropoietin
Which of the following would necessarily characterize a solute in the glomerular
(Bowman's) capsule? - ANSWER✔✔ small
Explanation: only small solutes and water make it into filtered fluid, NOT proteins
or macromolecules
Calculate net filtration pressure when Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
(PGC) = 55 mmHg, Bowman's space hydrostatic pressure (PBS) = 15 mm Hg, and
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure = 30 mm Hg. - ANSWER✔✔ 10 mmHg
Explanation: Net filtration pressure = glomerular capillary blood pressure -
(plasma‐colloid osmotic pressure + Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure)
Identify the correct tubuloglomerular feedback response to increased glomerular
filtration rate. - ANSWER✔✔ constriction of the afferent arteriole
Explanation: constriction of the afferent arteriole will limit blood plasma passing
through the glomerulus
, Assuming GFR is 180 liters per day, which substance would be completely
reabsorbed (returned to blood)? - ANSWER✔✔ glucose
Explanation: 100% of glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
Which of the following drives obligatory water reabsorption? - ANSWER✔✔
reabsorption of solutes
Explanation: generates an osmotic gradient, promoting diffusion of water into the
peritubular capillary via osmosis
How does alcohol affect renal function? - ANSWER✔✔ decreased ADH secretion,
more dilute urine
In forming dilute urine, the osmolarity of the fluid in the tubular lumen _______ as
it flows down the descending limb of the nephron loop and _______ as it flows up
the ascending limb. - ANSWER✔✔ increases, decreases
Explanation: water is reabsorbed as the tubular fluid travels down the descending
limb, causing the osmolarity to increase. However, solutes are reabsorbed as the
tubular fluid flows up the ascending limb, but water cannot follow because this
region has very low water permeability. As a result, osmolarity of the tubular fluid
decreases as it flows up the ascending limb.
Which urinalysis indicates altered body metabolism or kidney function? -
ANSWER✔✔ glucose present
Explanation: 100% of glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
