NURS 480 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE | GRADED A+ | NEW UPDATE 2025

NURS 480 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE | GRADED A+ | NEW UPDATE 2025 A high cardiac output and low CVP suggest septic shock, and massive fluid replacement is indicated. - ANSWER-Increased PAWP indicates that the patient has excessive fluid volume (and suggests cardiogenic shock), and diuresis is indicated. .Acute Nephritic Syndrome - ANSWER-Allows RBC and protein movement into filtrate d/t post infection (such as glomerulonephritis or antibotics r/t strep) Glomerular Inflammation* .Anaphylactic Shock - ANSWER-IgE, rapid onset systemic allergic reaction cappilary leakage, swelling, muscle contractions .Arteriovenous Fistula - ANSWER-type of vascular access for dialysis; created by surgically connecting radial artery to cephalic vein "mature" fistula = large, bluging, and tortous .Bradycardia and a low systemic vascular resistance (SVR) suggest neurogenic shock, and fluids should be infused cautiously. - ANSWER-The renal hypoperfusion that accompanies cardiogenic shock results in increased BUN and creatinine levels. .cardiogenic presentation - ANSWER-Angina pain Fatigue Impending doom Restlessness Increased HR/RR Decreased BP .Cardiogenic Shock - ANSWER-Coronary = MI, Arrhythmias, Valve damage Noncoronary = Hypoxemia, Acidosis, hypoglycemia, hypocalemia, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, dysrhythimias .Cardiogenic tx - ANSWER-1st: Supplemental O2 2nd: Control of chest pain w/IV morphine 3rd: Hemodynamic monitoring w/ arterial line/PA cath Labs = BNP/Troponin Meds: Dobutamine: low CO-stimulates B1 Nitro: Preload/Afterload reduction Dopamine: Low CO, Hypotension, Oliguria .Causes of decreased BUN? - ANSWER-Severe liver damage Malnutrition Low protein diet Fluid volume excess .Causes of increased BUN? - ANSWER-Liver disease Infection High protein diet GI Bleed Steriod use/traume .CCRT - ANSWER-Continuous renal replacement therapies acutely ill pts, manages acid/base status can use a single lumen with arterial line .Central Venous Pressure (CVP) (circulating BV, Venous tone, R ventricular function) - ANSWER-Used to measure RIGHT arterial pressure Direct measure of BP in RIGHT atrium/vena cava Monitors fluid replace/response .Chronic Glomerulonephritis Patho - ANSWER-Repeated nephritis, HTN Nephrosclerosis, Hyperlipidemia .Clinical mani of AKI - ANSWER-Signs of fluid overload** Increased potassium, phosphate, BUN/Creat Decreased Calcium, Sodium, pH .Clinical Mani of GlomNeph - ANSWER-*Asymptomatic for years as damage increases before s/s develop* Abnormal dx: Urine w/ fixed SG, casts, protein Electrolyte imbalances Hypoalbuminia .Clinical Manifestations of Acute Nephritic Syndrome - ANSWER-Azotemia: Abnormal Conc. Nitrogenous wastes in blood Proteinuria Hematuria Cola-colored urine Casts in urine Increased BUN/Creat d/t decreased U/O