NFDN 2006 MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

NFDN 2006 MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) .1930's realizations - ANSWER-Canadians wanted government to take over healthcare. Poverty was a result of sociopolitical factors not individual weakness. .1970s Lalonde Report - ANSWER-Initiated health promotion. Development of first health determinants. .1978- Alma Ata Declaration - ANSWER-Primary health care was defined . - ANSWER-Shift from illness prevention to health promotion. .1986- Epp Report - ANSWER-"health for all" Broader social, economic and environmental factors. Income level, education and physical environment important influences on health. .2001 - ANSWER-Home care costs less than institutional care .2002 - ANSWER-Romanow identified home care as the most rapidly growing area of community health. Due to early discharge. .2020 - ANSWER-2/3 of all nurses will be practicing in the community .3 dimensions of community - ANSWER-people, place, function .3 major approaches to health promotion - ANSWER-biomedical(treatment/prevention), behavioural(lifestyle changes), socioenvironmental(community collaboration and programs) .5 attributes of cultural competence - ANSWER-Awareness, knowledge, understanding, sensitivity and skill. .5 principles of primary health care - ANSWER-accessibility, public participation, health promotion, appropriate technology, intersectoral cooperation .Acceptability - ANSWER-Service may be inappropriate or offered in a manner that corresponds with values of the target population. .Accessibility - ANSWER-Lack of existing health care services and lack of necessary personnel to provide .Advocacy in community nursing - ANSWER-Ethical concept. Nursing responsibility. .advocacy relating to social justice - ANSWER-Act in clients best interest. Act in accordance with client's wishes. Client properly informed. Carry out instructions with diligence and competence. Offer frank, independent advice. Client confidentiality. .affordability - ANSWER-Services may not come at reasonable cost, family may have insufficient resources to purchase them. .Aggregate - ANSWER-Groups within a population. Ex. High risk infants younger than 1 year of age .Alma-Ata recognized as - ANSWER-Shift to primary healthcare. WHO committed to goal of achieving "health for all" by 2000 .Assessment - ANSWER-Gathering existing data (age gender) generate missing data (values norms headship), develop database, interpret data, goal. .autonomy - ANSWER-Dignity and respect for individuals and cloud wow actions. Unless results in harm. .Beneficence - ANSWER-We do good .Canada Health Act: accessibility - ANSWER-Reasonable access to healthcare facilities .Canada Health Act: comprehensiveness of services - ANSWER-All health services must be insured .Canada Health Act: portability - ANSWER-individuals have access to healthcare in other provinces and territories without cost or penalty .Canada Health Act: Public Administration - ANSWER-all administration of provincial health insurance must be carried out by a public authority on a non-profit basis .Canada health act: Universality - ANSWER-All insured residents are entitled to the same level of health care .capacity building - ANSWER-Services, resources and programs that assist communities to deal with health issues, community members take action, social and political support to implement, CHN work collaboratively with community. .CCHN Standards - ANSWER-Health promotion, prevention and health protection, health maintenance, restoration and palliation, professional relationships, capacity building, access and equity, professional responsibility and accountability. .Challenges for CHN in rural setting - ANSWER-Poor boundaries, high in demand (they know everything), heavy workloads, professional isolation. .CHN in primary health care - ANSWER-Responsible for health promotion and illness prevention .CLPNA code of the ethics - ANSWER-Delivers care that protects client autonomy, dignity and rights. Maintains client confidentiality within policy. Assists clients to advocate for themselves. Therapeutic/professional relationship. Identifies and reports ethical issues. Reports illegal, incompetent or impaired practices. .coalition - ANSWER-2 or more groups that share a mutual issue or concern and join forces to attain a common goal .Code of ethics - ANSWER-Framework nurses use to guide their professional obligations and actions within the profession .Collaboration involves who - ANSWER-Individuals, caregivers, families, communities and governments .Collection of direct data - ANSWER-Informant interviews, focused groups, windshield survey. .Collection of reported data - ANSWER-Public Documents Health Surveys .community as client - ANSWER-Use of epidemiological data and disease occurrence to identify needs .community as partner - ANSWER-Health promotion and disease prevention. Population health approach. 2 key concepts: health of community and partnership for community health. Equal relationships . Emphasis on community strengths. .community as partner - ANSWER-Places emphasis on community strengths or assets to manage community identified health concerns .community as partner model - ANSWER-Framework for assessing the community. Focus on community as a partner. Represented by community assessment wheel. .Community assessment wheel - ANSWER-Demographics of population. Peoples values beliefs and history. .Community Capacity Building - ANSWER-Actively involving communities in planned change to deal with health issues and increase knowledge and willingness to take action. Works with existing community strengths.