Introduction to Health Care System
Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers
Already Passed
Health according to the World Health Organization (WHO) CORRECT ANSWERS A
state of complete physcial, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmary
Different types of health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Social & environmental
Behavioral & lifestyle
Heredity & other miscellaneous factors
Medical Care
health determinant with the most power over consumers CORRECT ANSWERS Social
and environmental
Social & environmental health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Social network
Education
Income and status
Behavioral & lifestyle health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Physical activity
Diet
Drug usage
Hereditary and other miscellaneous factors health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS
Genetics
Age
Gender
Medical care health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Immunizations
Access to health care
Cost of care
Indicators for Health (8) CORRECT ANSWERS Self reported health status
Life expectancy
Morbidity
Mental well-being
Social functioning
Functional limitations
Disability
Spiritual well-being
,What does it mean to care? CORRECT ANSWERS Effort made to do something
correctly, safely, or without causing damage
Things that are done to keep people healthy, safe, and in good conditions
Purpose of health care CORRECT ANSWERS Ensure patients are free from illness or
injury through high quality, cost effective, and efficient services
Individual health care CORRECT ANSWERS Care for people when they are sick, need
surgery, or managing a chronic condition
Appendectomy
Cholecystectomy
Population health care CORRECT ANSWERS Disease prevention through health
promotion and education programs
Preventative medicine
Prevention of cancers and heart disease
Individual Health Measures CORRECT ANSWERS Physical tests (exercise & medical
exams)
Mental tests (awareness & intelligence)
Emotional tests (depression & self-esteem)
Other quality of life assessments
Population health measure CORRECT ANSWERS Infant mortality rate (IM)
Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)
Life expectancy (LE)
Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
Disability-adjusted life year (DALY)
Healthcare disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Differences in access/availability of
facilities & service
Differences in health care due to location of services
Health status disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Variation in rates of disease
occurrence & disabilities between socioeconomical and/or geographically defined
population groups
Differences in health care due to race or status
Causes of health disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Access to quality medical care
Poor nutrition
No safe place to play/exercise
Pollutants in the air
Lead paint in the house
Insects/rodents in the living area
Language barrier
Lack of transportation
,Lack of sensitivity to cultural practices
Overcoming health disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Public health
Preventing disease, prolonging life, & promoting health
We prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life through CORRECT ANSWERS
Environmental effort
Controlling communicable diseases
Health education
Medical services for early detection or prevention
Encouraging healthy living choices
Cultural competence
Primary Prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Avoidance of disease occurrence
Actions taken prior to disease onset
prophylactic treatment, immunizations
Secondary prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Early diagnosis or detection
Prompt treatment or early detection
TB test, mammograms, colonoscopy
tertiary prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Limitation or reduction of disability when
disease already occurred
Recovery and prevention of disease reoccurrence
Antibiotics and drugs to manage conditions
market justice approach CORRECT ANSWERS Treat healthcare as a market that
fluctuates due to supposed spikes in seasons
Like gas spikes around the holidays
Social Justice approach CORRECT ANSWERS Treat healthcare as something that is
constantly needed and can't judge when spikes in healthcare will be needed so it is
budgeted equally throughout the year
Key components of healthcare delivery system CORRECT ANSWERS Financing (how
is hospital going to treat you without going bankrupt)
Insurance/managing risk
Delivery
Payment (how is the patient going to pay for their care)
Models of healthcare delivery CORRECT ANSWERS Beveridge model
Bismarck model
National Health Insurance model
Out-of-pocket model
, Beveridge Model CORRECT ANSWERS Services from public practitioners and payed
for by the government
National health insurance model CORRECT ANSWERS Private-sector practitioners
Financed by government run single payer insurance system
Bismarck model CORRECT ANSWERS Services from private-practice practitioners
Funded through payroll taxes and employee/employer contributions
Out of pocket model CORRECT ANSWERS Private sector practitioners
Payed for by individuals on a pay as you go basis
Health care in the United Kingdom CORRECT ANSWERS Beveridge Model (public
practitioners and government paid)
Require seeing of a general practitioner before seeing a specialist
Secondary and tertiary care is provided by hospitals
Physicians are judged based on quality and not quantity
No charge for care but long wait lists are a problem
Negative formulary
Much cheaper prescriptions
Pharmacists can undergo additional training to be able to write prescriptions
Healthcare in Germany CORRECT ANSWERS Bismarck Model (private practitioners
and payed for by taxes and employee/employer contributions)
Over 200 groups to acquire insurance from
Keep some insurance when switching employers
Can switch funds at any time but must wait 18 months after that before switching again
No larger chain pharmacies (only 3 per pharmacist)
Put chronically ill people in separate sickness fund
Healthcare in Canada CORRECT ANSWERS National Health Insurance Model (private
doctors and financed by single government run system)
National health insurance and they can buy private insurance as supplemental
coverage
Raise funds through taxes
Healthcare in Poor and Under developed nations CORRECT ANSWERS Out of pocket
model (price practitioners and individual pay as you go basis)
Government lacks funding to create healthcare in the rural and poor areas
Pay for services with money or goods
Working Americans with employer based health insurance fall mostly under which
healthcare model CORRECT ANSWERS Bismarck Model (private practitioners & paid
for by taxes and contributions)
Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers
Already Passed
Health according to the World Health Organization (WHO) CORRECT ANSWERS A
state of complete physcial, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmary
Different types of health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Social & environmental
Behavioral & lifestyle
Heredity & other miscellaneous factors
Medical Care
health determinant with the most power over consumers CORRECT ANSWERS Social
and environmental
Social & environmental health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Social network
Education
Income and status
Behavioral & lifestyle health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Physical activity
Diet
Drug usage
Hereditary and other miscellaneous factors health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS
Genetics
Age
Gender
Medical care health determinates CORRECT ANSWERS Immunizations
Access to health care
Cost of care
Indicators for Health (8) CORRECT ANSWERS Self reported health status
Life expectancy
Morbidity
Mental well-being
Social functioning
Functional limitations
Disability
Spiritual well-being
,What does it mean to care? CORRECT ANSWERS Effort made to do something
correctly, safely, or without causing damage
Things that are done to keep people healthy, safe, and in good conditions
Purpose of health care CORRECT ANSWERS Ensure patients are free from illness or
injury through high quality, cost effective, and efficient services
Individual health care CORRECT ANSWERS Care for people when they are sick, need
surgery, or managing a chronic condition
Appendectomy
Cholecystectomy
Population health care CORRECT ANSWERS Disease prevention through health
promotion and education programs
Preventative medicine
Prevention of cancers and heart disease
Individual Health Measures CORRECT ANSWERS Physical tests (exercise & medical
exams)
Mental tests (awareness & intelligence)
Emotional tests (depression & self-esteem)
Other quality of life assessments
Population health measure CORRECT ANSWERS Infant mortality rate (IM)
Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)
Life expectancy (LE)
Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
Disability-adjusted life year (DALY)
Healthcare disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Differences in access/availability of
facilities & service
Differences in health care due to location of services
Health status disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Variation in rates of disease
occurrence & disabilities between socioeconomical and/or geographically defined
population groups
Differences in health care due to race or status
Causes of health disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Access to quality medical care
Poor nutrition
No safe place to play/exercise
Pollutants in the air
Lead paint in the house
Insects/rodents in the living area
Language barrier
Lack of transportation
,Lack of sensitivity to cultural practices
Overcoming health disparities CORRECT ANSWERS Public health
Preventing disease, prolonging life, & promoting health
We prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life through CORRECT ANSWERS
Environmental effort
Controlling communicable diseases
Health education
Medical services for early detection or prevention
Encouraging healthy living choices
Cultural competence
Primary Prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Avoidance of disease occurrence
Actions taken prior to disease onset
prophylactic treatment, immunizations
Secondary prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Early diagnosis or detection
Prompt treatment or early detection
TB test, mammograms, colonoscopy
tertiary prevention CORRECT ANSWERS Limitation or reduction of disability when
disease already occurred
Recovery and prevention of disease reoccurrence
Antibiotics and drugs to manage conditions
market justice approach CORRECT ANSWERS Treat healthcare as a market that
fluctuates due to supposed spikes in seasons
Like gas spikes around the holidays
Social Justice approach CORRECT ANSWERS Treat healthcare as something that is
constantly needed and can't judge when spikes in healthcare will be needed so it is
budgeted equally throughout the year
Key components of healthcare delivery system CORRECT ANSWERS Financing (how
is hospital going to treat you without going bankrupt)
Insurance/managing risk
Delivery
Payment (how is the patient going to pay for their care)
Models of healthcare delivery CORRECT ANSWERS Beveridge model
Bismarck model
National Health Insurance model
Out-of-pocket model
, Beveridge Model CORRECT ANSWERS Services from public practitioners and payed
for by the government
National health insurance model CORRECT ANSWERS Private-sector practitioners
Financed by government run single payer insurance system
Bismarck model CORRECT ANSWERS Services from private-practice practitioners
Funded through payroll taxes and employee/employer contributions
Out of pocket model CORRECT ANSWERS Private sector practitioners
Payed for by individuals on a pay as you go basis
Health care in the United Kingdom CORRECT ANSWERS Beveridge Model (public
practitioners and government paid)
Require seeing of a general practitioner before seeing a specialist
Secondary and tertiary care is provided by hospitals
Physicians are judged based on quality and not quantity
No charge for care but long wait lists are a problem
Negative formulary
Much cheaper prescriptions
Pharmacists can undergo additional training to be able to write prescriptions
Healthcare in Germany CORRECT ANSWERS Bismarck Model (private practitioners
and payed for by taxes and employee/employer contributions)
Over 200 groups to acquire insurance from
Keep some insurance when switching employers
Can switch funds at any time but must wait 18 months after that before switching again
No larger chain pharmacies (only 3 per pharmacist)
Put chronically ill people in separate sickness fund
Healthcare in Canada CORRECT ANSWERS National Health Insurance Model (private
doctors and financed by single government run system)
National health insurance and they can buy private insurance as supplemental
coverage
Raise funds through taxes
Healthcare in Poor and Under developed nations CORRECT ANSWERS Out of pocket
model (price practitioners and individual pay as you go basis)
Government lacks funding to create healthcare in the rural and poor areas
Pay for services with money or goods
Working Americans with employer based health insurance fall mostly under which
healthcare model CORRECT ANSWERS Bismarck Model (private practitioners & paid
for by taxes and contributions)
