Concepts of Genetics, 10e (Klug/Cummings/Spencer/Palladino)
f f f f
Chapter 1
f Introduction to Genetics
f f f
1) What is the name of the company or institution that has access to the health, genealogical, and
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland?
f f f f f f f f
A) National Institutes of Health f f f
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericanCancerSociety f f
Answer: B
f
Section: Introduction
2) A biotechnology company, deCODE, is in the process of creating a database that contains
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
.
A) the gene sequences of all newborns in the United States beginning in 2006
f f f f f f f f f f f f
B) a compilation of all the known genes in humans throughout the free world
f f f f f f f f f f f f
C) health, genealogical, and genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland
f f f f f f f f f f
D) a complete sequence of the human genome
f f f f f f
E) all the information available on the human genome project
f f f f f f f f
Answer: C
f
Section: Introduction
3) Why did deCODE select Iceland for its ambitious research project?
f f f f f f f f f
A) a relatively low degree of genetic diversity
f f f f f f
B) frequent and extensive mutational bursts f f f f
C) high genetic diversity
f f
D) lack of genealogical information
f f f
E) virtual absence of mutation f f f
Answer: A
f
Section: Introduction
4) The genetic material DNA consists of basic subunits called
f f f f f f f f f .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) None of the answers listed is correct.
f f f f f f
Answer: D
f
Section: 1.3
1
,5) The immediate product of transcription is
f f f f f f .
A) a phospholipid
f
B) an amino acidf f
C) a protein
f
D) a carbohydrate
f
E) RNA
Answer: E f
Section: 1.3
f
6) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
characteristic number of chromosomes is called the
f number. It is usuallysymbolized
f f f f f f f f f f f f
as
f f .
A) haploid; n f
B) haploid; 2n f
C) diploid; 2n f
D) diploid; n f
E) None of the answers listed is correct.
f f f f f f
Answer: C
f
Section: 1.2
7) Genetics is the study of f f f f f .
A) heredity and variation f f
B) mutation and recession f f
C) transcription and translation f f
D) diploid and haploid f f
E) replicationandrecombination f f
Answer: A
f
Section: 1.2
8) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri noted that the behavior of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
chromosomes during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
proposed that genes are carried on chromosomes, which led to the basis of the
f f f . f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
f f f f
Section: 1.2
9) What is a mutation? f f f
Answer: A mutation is an inherited change in a gene.
f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
10) What is a simple definition of an allele?
f f f f f f f
Answer: An allele is a variant form of a gene.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
2
,11) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
genetic material. Why?
f f f
Answer: Proteins are the most abundant, universally distributed components in cells. Because of f f f f f f f f f f f
their great structural and functional diversity, they were considered likely candidates.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
12) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
factors.
f
Answer: GregorMendel f f
Section: 1.2
f
13) What does the term genetics mean?
f f f f f
Answer: Genetics is a subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and f f f f f f f f f f f f
variation at the molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
14) Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid
f f f f
Section: 1.2
15) Name two individuals who provided the conceptual basis for our present understanding that
f f f f f f f f f f f f
genes are on chromosomes.
f f f f
Answer: Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri
f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
16) What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
differences in observable features?
f f f f
Answer: phenotype f
Section: 1.2
f
17) A fundamental property of DNA's nitrogenous bases that is necessary for the
f f f f f f f f f f f
double-stranded nature of its structure is
f . f f f f f f
Answer: complementarity f
Section: 1.3
f
18) Recombinant DNA technology is dependent on a particular class of enzymes, known as f f f f f f f f f f f f
, that cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences.
f f f f f f f
Answer: restriction enzymes
f f
Section: 1.4
19) Name the botanist who, in 1900, rediscovered the work of Gregor Mendel.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: Carl Correns
f f
Section: 1.2
3
, 20) Genetics is commonly seen as being grouped into several general areas: transmission,
f f f f f f f f f f f
molecular, and population/evolution. Which biological processes are studied in transmission
f f f f f f f f f f
genetics?
f
Answer: Mendelian inheritance (segregation and independent assortment), modification of f f f f f f f
Mendelian patterns, and pedigree analysis
f f f f f
Section: Introduction and Summary Points f f f
21) Who owns transgenic organisms?
f f f
Answer: Once produced, a patent can be obtained on a living organism, thereby offering f f f f f f f f f f f f
exclusive use of the transgenic organism to the patent holder.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.5
22) In 1996, a cloning experiment produced the sheep named Dolly. Contrary to the more
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
traditional method of cloning by embryo splitting, Dolly was produced by which procedure?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: nuclear transfer
f f
Section: 1.4
23) What term is applied to a variety of projects whereby genome sequences are deposited in
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
databases for research purposes?
f f f f
Answer: genomics f
Section: 1.6
f
24) The first draft of the human genome sequence was reported in 2001 by two groups, the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
publicly funded
f f and the private company . f f f f f f
Answer: Human Genome Project; Celera Corporation
f f f f f
Section: 1.6
f
25) A number of genomes have been sequenced in recent years: Escherichia coli,
f f f f f f f f f f f
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus
f f f f f f f f
musculus. What are the common names for these organisms?
f f f f f f f f f
Answer: bacterium, yeast, roundworm, fruit fly, mouse
f f f f f f
Section: 1.6, 1.7
f f
26) What is meant by the term genome?
f f f f f f
Answer: The genome is all the DNA carried in an organism.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.4
f
27) In nonviral systems, what is the nature of the hereditary substance?
f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded polymer organized as a double f f f f f f f f f f
helix.
f
Section: 1.3
28) What characterizes the content and function of a DNA microarray?
f f f f f f f f f
Answer: A DNA microarray can carry thousands of genes that can be used to test for gene
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
expression.
f
Section: 1.5
4
f f f f
Chapter 1
f Introduction to Genetics
f f f
1) What is the name of the company or institution that has access to the health, genealogical, and
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland?
f f f f f f f f
A) National Institutes of Health f f f
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericanCancerSociety f f
Answer: B
f
Section: Introduction
2) A biotechnology company, deCODE, is in the process of creating a database that contains
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
.
A) the gene sequences of all newborns in the United States beginning in 2006
f f f f f f f f f f f f
B) a compilation of all the known genes in humans throughout the free world
f f f f f f f f f f f f
C) health, genealogical, and genetic information of approximately 270,000 residents of Iceland
f f f f f f f f f f
D) a complete sequence of the human genome
f f f f f f
E) all the information available on the human genome project
f f f f f f f f
Answer: C
f
Section: Introduction
3) Why did deCODE select Iceland for its ambitious research project?
f f f f f f f f f
A) a relatively low degree of genetic diversity
f f f f f f
B) frequent and extensive mutational bursts f f f f
C) high genetic diversity
f f
D) lack of genealogical information
f f f
E) virtual absence of mutation f f f
Answer: A
f
Section: Introduction
4) The genetic material DNA consists of basic subunits called
f f f f f f f f f .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) None of the answers listed is correct.
f f f f f f
Answer: D
f
Section: 1.3
1
,5) The immediate product of transcription is
f f f f f f .
A) a phospholipid
f
B) an amino acidf f
C) a protein
f
D) a carbohydrate
f
E) RNA
Answer: E f
Section: 1.3
f
6) In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
characteristic number of chromosomes is called the
f number. It is usuallysymbolized
f f f f f f f f f f f f
as
f f .
A) haploid; n f
B) haploid; 2n f
C) diploid; 2n f
D) diploid; n f
E) None of the answers listed is correct.
f f f f f f
Answer: C
f
Section: 1.2
7) Genetics is the study of f f f f f .
A) heredity and variation f f
B) mutation and recession f f
C) transcription and translation f f
D) diploid and haploid f f
E) replicationandrecombination f f
Answer: A
f
Section: 1.2
8) Early in the twentieth century, Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri noted that the behavior of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
chromosomes during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation. They
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
proposed that genes are carried on chromosomes, which led to the basis of the
f f f . f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
f f f f
Section: 1.2
9) What is a mutation? f f f
Answer: A mutation is an inherited change in a gene.
f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
10) What is a simple definition of an allele?
f f f f f f f
Answer: An allele is a variant form of a gene.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
2
,11) Until the mid-1940s, many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
genetic material. Why?
f f f
Answer: Proteins are the most abundant, universally distributed components in cells. Because of f f f f f f f f f f f
their great structural and functional diversity, they were considered likely candidates.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
12) Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
factors.
f
Answer: GregorMendel f f
Section: 1.2
f
13) What does the term genetics mean?
f f f f f
Answer: Genetics is a subdiscipline of biology concerned with the study of heredity and f f f f f f f f f f f f
variation at the molecular, cellular, developmental, organismal, and populational levels.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.2
14) Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid
f f f f
Section: 1.2
15) Name two individuals who provided the conceptual basis for our present understanding that
f f f f f f f f f f f f
genes are on chromosomes.
f f f f
Answer: Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri
f f f f f
Section: 1.2
f
16) What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
differences in observable features?
f f f f
Answer: phenotype f
Section: 1.2
f
17) A fundamental property of DNA's nitrogenous bases that is necessary for the
f f f f f f f f f f f
double-stranded nature of its structure is
f . f f f f f f
Answer: complementarity f
Section: 1.3
f
18) Recombinant DNA technology is dependent on a particular class of enzymes, known as f f f f f f f f f f f f
, that cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences.
f f f f f f f
Answer: restriction enzymes
f f
Section: 1.4
19) Name the botanist who, in 1900, rediscovered the work of Gregor Mendel.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: Carl Correns
f f
Section: 1.2
3
, 20) Genetics is commonly seen as being grouped into several general areas: transmission,
f f f f f f f f f f f
molecular, and population/evolution. Which biological processes are studied in transmission
f f f f f f f f f f
genetics?
f
Answer: Mendelian inheritance (segregation and independent assortment), modification of f f f f f f f
Mendelian patterns, and pedigree analysis
f f f f f
Section: Introduction and Summary Points f f f
21) Who owns transgenic organisms?
f f f
Answer: Once produced, a patent can be obtained on a living organism, thereby offering f f f f f f f f f f f f
exclusive use of the transgenic organism to the patent holder.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.5
22) In 1996, a cloning experiment produced the sheep named Dolly. Contrary to the more
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
traditional method of cloning by embryo splitting, Dolly was produced by which procedure?
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: nuclear transfer
f f
Section: 1.4
23) What term is applied to a variety of projects whereby genome sequences are deposited in
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
databases for research purposes?
f f f f
Answer: genomics f
Section: 1.6
f
24) The first draft of the human genome sequence was reported in 2001 by two groups, the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
publicly funded
f f and the private company . f f f f f f
Answer: Human Genome Project; Celera Corporation
f f f f f
Section: 1.6
f
25) A number of genomes have been sequenced in recent years: Escherichia coli,
f f f f f f f f f f f
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus
f f f f f f f f
musculus. What are the common names for these organisms?
f f f f f f f f f
Answer: bacterium, yeast, roundworm, fruit fly, mouse
f f f f f f
Section: 1.6, 1.7
f f
26) What is meant by the term genome?
f f f f f f
Answer: The genome is all the DNA carried in an organism.
f f f f f f f f f f
Section: 1.4
f
27) In nonviral systems, what is the nature of the hereditary substance?
f f f f f f f f f f
Answer: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded polymer organized as a double f f f f f f f f f f
helix.
f
Section: 1.3
28) What characterizes the content and function of a DNA microarray?
f f f f f f f f f
Answer: A DNA microarray can carry thousands of genes that can be used to test for gene
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
expression.
f
Section: 1.5
4
