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What was PTSD called in the past? ✔✔1. Soldier's Heart: physiological signs, increased HR,
chest pains, panic, sense of doom
2. Shell Shock: concussive or vacuum effects of exploding artillery shells and trench warfare
What is PTSD? ✔✔psychiatric disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing
of a life-threatening event such as military combat, natural disasters, terrorist incidents,
serious accidents, or physical or sexual assault in adult or childhood
What is "dialing-up"? ✔✔as you progress through mobilization toward deployment, anxiety
gradually increases: you are mentally and physically preparing yourself for this new
deployed environment
What is "dialing-down"? ✔✔anxiety begins to decrease as you adjust to being at home but
will not necessarily return to how it was before deployment (post-traumatic growth)
During deployment all Warriors experience change? ✔✔Yes, everyone is impacted including
families at home
How does deployment physically effect the body? ✔✔1. sleep deprivation during sustained
operations
2. being on guard almost all of the time
3. physical threats
4. maintaining emotional control
5. extreme physical stress and exhaustion
6. carrying heavy loads, wear and tear on muscles and joints
7. injuries, including concussions/mTBIs and combat trauma
,What is Post-traumatic stress (PTS)? ✔✔aka combat stress
typical expected reactions to deployment stressors; everyone who deploys will experience
at least a mild form of one or more of the signs at some point or points during their
transition home
the sooner warriors seek help, the better the outcome
Will dialing-down combat physiology take time? ✔✔Yes
time, work, effort
Do all service members experience PTS? ✔✔Yes
What is the goal of resilience training? ✔✔to provide soldiers with adaptive skills to deal
with any challenge to not just survive but thrive in the face of adversity
Risk-taking Behavior (red flags) ✔✔the start or increase in frequency of behaviors that may
endanger health and the health and safety of those around them
signs and symptoms are seen as "triggers"
Anger Problems (red flags) ✔✔returning warriors can be easily angered or have
uncontrolled anger; anger has been found to be a prominent symptom of traumatic
exposure
Sleep Problems (red flags) ✔✔returning warriors may have difficulty falling asleep or staying
asleep, some may wake early and not be able to get back to sleep and have frequent
nightmares (getting 7-8 hours of continuous uninterrupted sleep is extremely important)
,Alcohol (or other substance abuse) Problems (red flags) ✔✔half of all PTSD diagnosed
warriors have associated alcohol problems, many of whom have not previously been
"problem" drinkers
Relationship Problem (red flags) ✔✔25% of warriors report stress reactions that may
interfere with their ability to trust and be emotionally close to others
What is the key to preventing psychological trauma from further developing into a physical
disorder? ✔✔recommend talking to experts (BH/chaplain)
What physical disorder must be ruled out with a warrior demonstrating behavioral change?
✔✔everyone experiences PTS but not everyone experiences PTSD
Signs and Symptoms/Triggers of behavioral health problems ✔✔1. behaviors/reactions that
impair performance or jeopardize training
2. persistent problems with sleep
3. reckless or dangerous behaviors
4. drinking too much alcohol, misusing substances
5. severe guilt or hopelessness
6. withdrawals from buddies, friends or family
7. rage, threatening statements
8. talking/joking about not wanting to be alive
Goal of Successful Transition ✔✔to minimize "collateral damage" such as damage to
relationships or careers, and general self-destructive behavior; they must learn how to
transition from deployed mindset back to the "home front" and it will take time, work and
effort
Broken Tail Light ✔✔when a warrior does not realize that he or she has a problem; TAIL can
be used to help friends with transition problems
TAIL ✔✔T: tell them you're concerned
, A: all are impacted by deployment
I: insist that they talk with someone
L: look for ways to help
What are the 3 things Medics are expected to do? ✔✔1. identify those warriors in your
platoon/unit who are at-risk
2. talk to your soldiers and normalize their behavior
3. empower warriors to seek help because the sooner they get help the better the outcome
*always recommend that warriors talk to the experts, whichever is more comfortable for
them; your role is to help them get the help they need
Important Points about PTSD ✔✔1. can be caused by exposure to a traumatic event
2. significantly impacts functioning (victims can no longer consistently perform duties of
daily tasks)
3. is a diagnosis that requires a group of symptoms to be present for an extended period of
time
4. must be diagnosed by a medical professional
What percent of soldiers are actually diagnosed with PTSD? ✔✔only around 3-5% are
diagnosed with PTSD
*most soldiers DO NOT develop PTSD as a result of their deployment experiences*
Which soldiers are at a higher risk of having serious stress-related problems? ✔✔1. genetic
predisposition
2. early-life trauma
3. no strong social support system
4. regularly engaged in frequent or intense combat
5. witnessed injury or death