PCCN - study exam questions with correct
answers
What can worsen patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke? - verified answers; Fever,
Hyperglycemia, and low sodium can worsen a patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke.
What is the adverse effect of ACE inhibitors? - verified answers; Dry, Hacking Cough.
Stop the medication and do not administer.
What is happening in severe sepsis? - verified answers; Decreased preload due to blood vessels
vasodilate capillary leaks and volume depletion.
Volume resuscitation is a priority in severe sepsis and septic shock.
What are the signs of anxiety? - verified answers; Nausea, diarrhea, and shortness of breath.
What treatment options prevent atelectasis or new breath sound changes after abdominal
surgery? - verified answers; Chest X-ray and Pulmonary Hygiene.
What might cause a change of level of consciousness with a closed head injury? - verified
answers; If the patient's neuro assessment has changed from their typical baseline, it is due to
an increased intracranial pressure.
The difference between right axis, extreme right axis, and left axis deviation of the heart's
electrical triangle system - verified answers; Left axis deviation: Positive deflection QRS in Lead I.
Negative deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Extreme Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative deflection QRS in lead
aVF.
, Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in lead I. Positive deflection in lead aVF.
Normal Axis deviation: Both positive deflection in lead I and aVF.
Patient with pancreatitis is showing Chvostek's sign. What lab finding may be affected? - verified
answers; Calcium serum level below 8.5
How does the S4 heart sound occur with ventricular hypertrophy? - verified answers; The
ventricles are too thick, and it is difficult to adequately fill the ventricles. The atria make a
forceful contraction. The sound and vibration of the ejection make the S4 heart sound.
Exclusion criteria for rTPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) - verified answers; -active
internal bleeding (an example is GI BLEED)
-acute bleeding
-surgeries within the past 3 months.
Early signs versus late signs of increased intracranial pressure - verified answers; Early signs:
Change of mental status, ↓ LOC
Late signs: Slurred speech, nystagmus, pupil inequality is a sign of impending herniation.
What is the ominous sign of acute asthma exacerbation going in to acute respiratory failure? -
verified answers; Hypercapnia or elevated PaCO2.
Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock - verified answers; ↓Stroke volume will activate
RASS → vasoconstriction → increase SVR (↑afterload).
↑LEDV → increase left atrial ↑preload.
signs are crackles and congestion.
pulmonary edema causes impaired gas exchange and impaired tissue perfusion → cool, pale,
and moist skin.
answers
What can worsen patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke? - verified answers; Fever,
Hyperglycemia, and low sodium can worsen a patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke.
What is the adverse effect of ACE inhibitors? - verified answers; Dry, Hacking Cough.
Stop the medication and do not administer.
What is happening in severe sepsis? - verified answers; Decreased preload due to blood vessels
vasodilate capillary leaks and volume depletion.
Volume resuscitation is a priority in severe sepsis and septic shock.
What are the signs of anxiety? - verified answers; Nausea, diarrhea, and shortness of breath.
What treatment options prevent atelectasis or new breath sound changes after abdominal
surgery? - verified answers; Chest X-ray and Pulmonary Hygiene.
What might cause a change of level of consciousness with a closed head injury? - verified
answers; If the patient's neuro assessment has changed from their typical baseline, it is due to
an increased intracranial pressure.
The difference between right axis, extreme right axis, and left axis deviation of the heart's
electrical triangle system - verified answers; Left axis deviation: Positive deflection QRS in Lead I.
Negative deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Extreme Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative deflection QRS in lead
aVF.
, Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in lead I. Positive deflection in lead aVF.
Normal Axis deviation: Both positive deflection in lead I and aVF.
Patient with pancreatitis is showing Chvostek's sign. What lab finding may be affected? - verified
answers; Calcium serum level below 8.5
How does the S4 heart sound occur with ventricular hypertrophy? - verified answers; The
ventricles are too thick, and it is difficult to adequately fill the ventricles. The atria make a
forceful contraction. The sound and vibration of the ejection make the S4 heart sound.
Exclusion criteria for rTPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) - verified answers; -active
internal bleeding (an example is GI BLEED)
-acute bleeding
-surgeries within the past 3 months.
Early signs versus late signs of increased intracranial pressure - verified answers; Early signs:
Change of mental status, ↓ LOC
Late signs: Slurred speech, nystagmus, pupil inequality is a sign of impending herniation.
What is the ominous sign of acute asthma exacerbation going in to acute respiratory failure? -
verified answers; Hypercapnia or elevated PaCO2.
Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock - verified answers; ↓Stroke volume will activate
RASS → vasoconstriction → increase SVR (↑afterload).
↑LEDV → increase left atrial ↑preload.
signs are crackles and congestion.
pulmonary edema causes impaired gas exchange and impaired tissue perfusion → cool, pale,
and moist skin.
