Cedarville A&P 1 Exam 1
Describe a skeletal muscle fiber - ANSWER-Made up of myofibrils
Myofibrils are wrapped in sarcoplasmic reticulum
T-tubules between sarcomeres
Explain the organization of a myofibril - ANSWER-Made of many sarcomeres
Wrapped in sarcoplasmic reticulum
Sarcomeres are myofilaments
Name and describe the function of the contractile, regulatory, and structural protein
components of a sarcomere - ANSWER-Contractile: myosin and actin (slide past each
other to shorten/contract the sarcomere)
Regulatory: troponin and tropomyosin (regulate when myosin can bind with actin)
Structural: titin (ensures that it goes back to original shape)
Identify the internal structural components of spongy bone - ANSWER-Trabeculae
(irregular latticework of thin columns of bone surrounding many spaces, often filled with
red bone marrow)
Structural components of a long bone - ANSWER-Diaphysis (main stretch)
Metaphysis (where it begins to flare on proximal/distal ends)
Epiphysis (ends of both proximal/distal)
Medullary canal (within the diaphysis)
Yellow bone marrow (within medullary canal)
Periosteum (outer layer of bone)
Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage where bone articulates)
Epiphyseal plate/line (growth occurs here)
Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue - ANSWER-The
initial bone cell. All other bone cells come from this
Explain the process of intramembranous ossification - ANSWER-Development of
ossification center
Calcification of the bone matrix
Formation of trabeculae
Development of the periosteum and compact bone
Describe the major functions of the skeletal system - ANSWER-Structural framework
Protection
Assist in movement
Mineral homeostasis
Describe a skeletal muscle fiber - ANSWER-Made up of myofibrils
Myofibrils are wrapped in sarcoplasmic reticulum
T-tubules between sarcomeres
Explain the organization of a myofibril - ANSWER-Made of many sarcomeres
Wrapped in sarcoplasmic reticulum
Sarcomeres are myofilaments
Name and describe the function of the contractile, regulatory, and structural protein
components of a sarcomere - ANSWER-Contractile: myosin and actin (slide past each
other to shorten/contract the sarcomere)
Regulatory: troponin and tropomyosin (regulate when myosin can bind with actin)
Structural: titin (ensures that it goes back to original shape)
Identify the internal structural components of spongy bone - ANSWER-Trabeculae
(irregular latticework of thin columns of bone surrounding many spaces, often filled with
red bone marrow)
Structural components of a long bone - ANSWER-Diaphysis (main stretch)
Metaphysis (where it begins to flare on proximal/distal ends)
Epiphysis (ends of both proximal/distal)
Medullary canal (within the diaphysis)
Yellow bone marrow (within medullary canal)
Periosteum (outer layer of bone)
Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage where bone articulates)
Epiphyseal plate/line (growth occurs here)
Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue - ANSWER-The
initial bone cell. All other bone cells come from this
Explain the process of intramembranous ossification - ANSWER-Development of
ossification center
Calcification of the bone matrix
Formation of trabeculae
Development of the periosteum and compact bone
Describe the major functions of the skeletal system - ANSWER-Structural framework
Protection
Assist in movement
Mineral homeostasis
