Test Bank for Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 7th Edition by Sareen S. Gropper, Chapter 1-14

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Test Bank

Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 7th Edition



by Sareen S. Gropper
N
U
R
SE
D
O
C
S


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Chapter_01_The_Cell A_Microcosm_of_Life

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Most of the metabolic energy produced in cells is made in the mitochondria.
a. True
b. False

2. An increase in the concentration of a substrate will increase the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
a. True
N
b. False

3. Polysomes function to transcribe mRNA into proteins.
U
a. True
b. False
R
4. If two enzymes (e.g., pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the
one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high.
a. True
SE
b. False

5. Transcription of DNA cannot be altered.
a. True
b. False
D
6. The nuclear envelope is a single membrane structure that helps to isolate the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
a. True
b. False
O
7. The lipid bilayer determines the function of the plasma membrane, while the proteins are primarily responsible for the
structure of the membrane.
a. True
C
b. False

8. When discussing enzyme kinetics, Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and
S
functioning at maximal velocity.
a. True
b. False

9. Peripheral proteins are involved in cell-cell recognition, whereas integral proteins function primarily as
receptors/transporters.
a. True
b. False



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10. The various components within a cell (e.g., mitochondria) are not “free-floating” in the cytosol, but rather, are held in
place by the cytoskeleton.
a. True
b. False
N
U
R
SE
D
O
C
S


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, Name: Class: Date:

Chapter_01_The_Cell A_Microcosm_of_Life


11. Different cells express different proteins because they contain different sequences of DNA in the nucleus.
a. True
b. False

12. Oncosis results from cell injury and is associated with cellular swelling and swelling of the mitochondrial nucleus.
a. True
b. False
N
13. Allosteric regulation of enzymes is carried out by modulators, other proteins that bind to the enzyme to inhibit its
activity.
U
a. True
b. False

14. Most cellular reactions are irreversible because the same enzyme that catalyzes the conversion cannot catalyze the
R
reverse reaction.
a. True
b. False
SE
15. The plasma membrane is a sheet-like structure composed solely of lipids.
a. True
b. False

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
D
16. Most receptor proteins are most likely which type?
a. peripheral proteins
O
b. internal proteins
c. integral proteins
d. glycoproteins
C
17. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that .
a. enhance gene expression by activating mRNA expression
b. silence gene expression by binding to mRNA to inhibit translation
S
c. modify gene expression by replacing specific nucleotides in mRNA
d. mediate DNA production in a reverse direction

18. All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the .
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix

19. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is associated with .
a. lipid synthesis