NSG 251 Final Exam 2 Questions and Verified Answers
Carbapenem uses
Broad spectrum, bactericidal, Inhibit cell wall synthesis
-- used in staph, E. coli (complicated body cavity/connective tissue infections)
Carbapenem adverse
Drug induced seizures( in children, rare), related to PCN so check allergies
Carbapenem drug
imipenem cilastatin (Primaxin), IV
Macrolides uses
Bacteriostatic, bactericidal in large doses, Inhibit protein
synthesis -- used in staph, strep, gonorrhea and chlamydia, URI
Macrolides adverse
GI, N/V, GI bleed
Macrolides drugs
erythromycin (E-mycin)
azithromycin (Zithromax)
,Tetracycline uses
Broad spectrum, bacteriostatic, Gram +/- organisms
-- Used for H pylori, chlamydia, PID, acne, syphilis
Tetracycline contra
renal failure, no use children <8yrs, pregnancy
Tetracycline adverse
Discoloration of permanent teeth, GI, rashes
Tetracycline drugs
doxycycline (Vibramycin)
**increase resistance of this drug so decreased use
**related to PCN so watch for allergic reactions
Aminoglycoside uses
Bactericidals, Inhibit protein synthesis
--used for serious gram neg. infections, preoperatively for GI/GU tract surgeries
Aminoglycoside contra
pregnancy
Aminoglycoside adverse
nephrotoxic and ototoxic
Aminoglycoside nursing
Check Blood levels for peak and trough levels, test 30-60min after drug admin
Aminoglycoside drugs
tobramycin (Nebcin)
gentamicin (Garamycin)
,Direct acting Cholinergic drugs mechanism
stimulate the cholinergic receptors directly or indirectly by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase
-Increases bladder tone, relax sphincters
Direct acting Cholinergic drug name
bethanechol (Urecholine)
Direct acting Cholinergic drug uses
urinary retention, neurogenic bladder
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs adverse
bradycardia, hypotension, headache, restlessness
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs caution/contra
CAD, MI, heart block, intestinal obstruction, respiratory disorders
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs nursing implications
-Monitor BP
-Watch for GI problems
Indirect acting Cholinergic mechanism
Increases acetylcholine in the brain
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug name
donepezil (Aricept)
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug uses
Alzheimers, enhancing memory with other neurological diseases
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug adverse
HA, dizziness, depression
, Indirect acting cholinergic mechanism
inhibit action of acetylcholinesterase and prolongs the effects of acetylcholine
Indirect acting cholinergic drug uses
myasthenia gravis, bladder distension, paralytic ileus
Indirect acting cholinergic drug names
neostigmine (Prostigmin)- urinary retention and myasthenia gravis
edrophonium (Tensilon)- diagnose MG (if + response in muscle strength, they have it, if
no response they don't)
Myasthenia Gravis
Autoimmune disease- body produces antibodies that prevent the muscle from receiving signals
from the nerve cell
-Musculoskeletal disorder
Indirect acting cholinergic caution/contra
bradycardia, Parkinson's, intestinal/bladder obstructions, respiratory disorders,
ulcerative colitis
Indirect acting cholinergic drug adverse
Hypotension, bradycardia, intestinal spasm, resp arrest, vasodilation
Indirect acting cholinergic drug nursing implications
-Watch for signs of toxicity = overstimulation of parasympathetic
system -Monitor respiration rate
-Assess for abdominal cramping
-Monitor I/O
Anticholinergic mechanism
Carbapenem uses
Broad spectrum, bactericidal, Inhibit cell wall synthesis
-- used in staph, E. coli (complicated body cavity/connective tissue infections)
Carbapenem adverse
Drug induced seizures( in children, rare), related to PCN so check allergies
Carbapenem drug
imipenem cilastatin (Primaxin), IV
Macrolides uses
Bacteriostatic, bactericidal in large doses, Inhibit protein
synthesis -- used in staph, strep, gonorrhea and chlamydia, URI
Macrolides adverse
GI, N/V, GI bleed
Macrolides drugs
erythromycin (E-mycin)
azithromycin (Zithromax)
,Tetracycline uses
Broad spectrum, bacteriostatic, Gram +/- organisms
-- Used for H pylori, chlamydia, PID, acne, syphilis
Tetracycline contra
renal failure, no use children <8yrs, pregnancy
Tetracycline adverse
Discoloration of permanent teeth, GI, rashes
Tetracycline drugs
doxycycline (Vibramycin)
**increase resistance of this drug so decreased use
**related to PCN so watch for allergic reactions
Aminoglycoside uses
Bactericidals, Inhibit protein synthesis
--used for serious gram neg. infections, preoperatively for GI/GU tract surgeries
Aminoglycoside contra
pregnancy
Aminoglycoside adverse
nephrotoxic and ototoxic
Aminoglycoside nursing
Check Blood levels for peak and trough levels, test 30-60min after drug admin
Aminoglycoside drugs
tobramycin (Nebcin)
gentamicin (Garamycin)
,Direct acting Cholinergic drugs mechanism
stimulate the cholinergic receptors directly or indirectly by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase
-Increases bladder tone, relax sphincters
Direct acting Cholinergic drug name
bethanechol (Urecholine)
Direct acting Cholinergic drug uses
urinary retention, neurogenic bladder
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs adverse
bradycardia, hypotension, headache, restlessness
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs caution/contra
CAD, MI, heart block, intestinal obstruction, respiratory disorders
Direct acting Cholinergic drugs nursing implications
-Monitor BP
-Watch for GI problems
Indirect acting Cholinergic mechanism
Increases acetylcholine in the brain
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug name
donepezil (Aricept)
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug uses
Alzheimers, enhancing memory with other neurological diseases
Reversible Indirect acting cholinergic drug adverse
HA, dizziness, depression
, Indirect acting cholinergic mechanism
inhibit action of acetylcholinesterase and prolongs the effects of acetylcholine
Indirect acting cholinergic drug uses
myasthenia gravis, bladder distension, paralytic ileus
Indirect acting cholinergic drug names
neostigmine (Prostigmin)- urinary retention and myasthenia gravis
edrophonium (Tensilon)- diagnose MG (if + response in muscle strength, they have it, if
no response they don't)
Myasthenia Gravis
Autoimmune disease- body produces antibodies that prevent the muscle from receiving signals
from the nerve cell
-Musculoskeletal disorder
Indirect acting cholinergic caution/contra
bradycardia, Parkinson's, intestinal/bladder obstructions, respiratory disorders,
ulcerative colitis
Indirect acting cholinergic drug adverse
Hypotension, bradycardia, intestinal spasm, resp arrest, vasodilation
Indirect acting cholinergic drug nursing implications
-Watch for signs of toxicity = overstimulation of parasympathetic
system -Monitor respiration rate
-Assess for abdominal cramping
-Monitor I/O
Anticholinergic mechanism
